Active clinical trials for "Fibrosis"

Direct laryngoscopy and intubation is an essential initial aspect of airway access during general anesthesia. To perform the procedure effectively, it requires adequate mouth opening, head and neck movement, and a normal temporo-mandibular joint mobility. Any issue with the above three results in a compromised upper airway at the outset and the condition is known as anticipated difficult airway, i.e. an airway that is difficult to access with conventional laryngoscopy and intubation methods. To overcome the difficulty, either one has to resort to newer advanced technique and equipment or the available conventional technique needs to be refined and modified to suit the requirement. While the former requires extraordinary expertise and finances, an option difficult to achieve in developing countries; the latter warrants focused interest to develop alternative approach with the same set of equipments. Since submucous fibrosis and the associated restricted mouth opening have taken the proposition of an epidemic owing to widespread use of betel nut and tobacco; these patients, when requiring surgery, are difficult candidates for GA and airway control. The fact that, when they arrive as pre-surgical candidates, they have variable degree of mouth opening restriction, which if approached with a strategy, may be amenable to conventional control of airway. If investigators paint all the patients with mouth restriction as difficult airway, it will result in uncalled surgical, economic, health system and psychological burden. Therefore, it is prudent to undertake research relating to refinement of airway access techniques with the easily available, cheap and user- friendly equipment (conventional laryngoscope), such that a proportion of above stated burden can be reduced. In view of the above, investigators plan to undertake a study to enhance our working knowledge with a conventional laryngoscope (Macintosh) to facilitate ways to control the airway difficulty secondary to mouth opening restriction. Investigators believe that the prospective knowledge thus generated would help us identify whether there is a feasibility of conventional airway management or an alternative advanced access technique is needed in the first place. This will prevent undue cancellations, delayed surgeries, and patient morbidity.

The purpose of this study is to look at how Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency and Cystic Fibrosis (CF) affect white blood cells in the lungs, called macrophages, and their ability to work.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is a major cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer in Western countries. Because of its close association with obesity and diabetes, most patients are seen by primary care physicians and endocrinologists rather than hepatologists. Previous studies have shown that NAFLD is under-recognized outside specialist settings. As a result, many patients are undiagnosed and not receiving specific treatments. With this background, we aim to test the hypothesis that the use of simple fibrosis scores as part of a diabetes complications screening program followed by electronic reminder messages is more effective than usual care in prompting physicians to correctly identify patients with suspected NAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis for specialist referral or further liver assessment. Our secondary aim is to test the hypothesis that the use of fibrosis scores and electronic reminder messages can increase the number of patients with confirmed diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis.

Exercise intolerance is an understudied phenomenon in people with CF. The investigators hypothesized that vascular dysfunction plays a significant role, and can be partially reversed by administration of the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, sildenafil.

A double-blind placebo controlled randomized Phase 2 study to determine if JKB-122 compared with placebo resolves NASH on liver biopsy and improves fibrosis

This is a follow-up study to assess safety and preliminary clinical activity of ADR-001 in patients with liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh score; Grade B) caused by Hepatitis C or Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Patients who have already participated in the ADR-001-01 study and completed the last evaluation after 24 weeks of administration will be eligible to this study. Patients registered will continue follow-up observation and evaluate long-term safety and exploratory efficacy.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether early integration of palliative care in the care of hospitalized patients with advanced liver disease (AdvLD) can improve patients' quality of life, physical symptoms, mood, and serious illness communication. Palliative care is a medical specialty focused on lessening (or "palliating") symptoms and assisting in coping with serious illness.

This is a 2-part, 2 periods per part, open-label study with spironolactone oral suspension in pediatric patients with edema due to HF or hepatic cirrhosis. Both study parts will evaluate the safety, PK and PD of multiple doses of spironolactone in patients aged from birth to ≤17 years of age.

Orally administered ME-015 (Suplatast Tosilate) has been available on the market as a prescription drug for allergy-related conditions in Japan since 1995 with a very good safety and tolerability profile. There is preclinical and exploratory clinical evidence suggesting that ME-015 may be effective in treating cough caused by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF-cough). 80% of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are affected by a devastating dry cough that is often not responsive to standard cough treatments and causes significant psychological and physiological suffering as well as reduced quality of life. As of July 2023, there is no approved treatment for the indication of IPF-cough. There is an enormous unmet clinical need for an effective, safe and well-tolerated oral treatment. The COSMIC-IPF Phase 2 trial is the first clinical trial assessing ME-015 for the treatment of IPF-cough and aims to generate clinical proof-of-concept results regarding the safety and efficacy of ME-015 in this condition.

In this project, the investigators seek to understand the role of endothelial cells in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) lung disease. This objective will be achieved by conducting a cross sectional clinical study to define the morphology of the pulmonary circulation across a range of lung function coupled with a mechanistic study of the effect of dysfunctional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in endothelial cells on vasculogenesis, epithelial morphogenesis and epithelial CFTR function. Toward that end, the investigators propose the following hypotheses; (a). Loss of pulmonary small blood vessels begins early in the CF lung and worsens with disease progression, (b).VEGFR2-CFTR interactions happen at the plasma membrane of endothelial cells and is likely to be involved in transendothelial ion transport (c) impaired VEGFR2-CFTR interactions on the endothelial cells will have a profound effect on vasculogenesis, epithelial morphogenesis and ion transport. The first hypotheses will be tested through this clinical study. The following 2 hypotheses will be tested through laboratory studies that do not involve human subjects.