Active clinical trials for "Genetic Predisposition to Disease"

Our main goal is to create a prospective cohort of 1500 patients with a first large myocardial infarction allowing us, in a second step, to identify susceptibility genes for the progression of patients towards chronic heart failure using a candidate gene/candidate pathway approach. Our main hypothesis is that there is, for a given initial biomechanical stress (duration of the ischemic episode, size of the infarcted area, etc.), a variation in the individual susceptibility to develop left ventricular remodelling and to progress towards heart failure, and that this variation is linked to genetic variants between individuals.

Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. OT is responsible for 30 to 50% of posterior uveitis. It is characterized by dormant infections that may reactivate without known reasons, causing severe irreversible visual loss. The overall recurrence rate of OT in Europe is greater than 80% for patients and may range from one episode to 11 episodes (1% of OT) in the most extreme cases. Current treatments do not reduce the risk of recurrences and the risk of toxoplasmosis recurrence cannot be predicted in these immunocompetent patients. These clinical and biological expression changes might be related to an individual genetic susceptibility of each patient. The advanced analysis of the entire genome now possible to consider the project.

Study of the psychological impact of breast cancer risk communication in Cancer Genetics based on the personalized estimation of the BOADICEA V5/PLUS model ("Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm-version 5 or PLUS").

The study "Investigating the Feasibility and Implementation of Whole Genome Sequencing in Patients With Suspected Genetic Disorder" is a research study that aims to explore the use of whole genome sequencing as a potential first line genetic test for patients for which a genetic diagnosis is suspected. This is an internally funded research study. The investigators will enroll 500 participants who are being seen in one of the various genetics clinics within the Partners HealthCare system for a suspected genetic disorder for which standard-of-care genetic testing is ordered. At the time of their standard-of-care genetic testing, an extra blood sample will be collected, and genome sequencing may be performed. Within 3-4 months, patients learn if they received genome sequencing or not, and any results are returned and explained. Investigators are also studying the experiences of both participants and their providers to better understand how to implement genome sequencing into clinical care.

To determine whether central sensitization is a mechanism of CPSP (chronic postsurgical pain) in women who will develop CPSP compared to women with no CPSP after hysterectomy. This mechanism is illustrated by a higher pain score in experimental pain models such as tonic heat stimulation, increased evoked mechanical temporal summation and increased wound hyperalgesia.

Undetected or untreated CD may cause severe complications later in life, such as autoimmune disorders. It is recommended for subjects with autoimmune diseases or at risk for CD to be screened for CD and to repeat serological screening about every three years to detect cases of clinically silent, late-onset CD. Celiac disease (CD) auto-antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) are produced in the intestinal mucosa even when not measurable in serum. By using the phage display libraries technique it is possible to investigate in vivo (intestinal biopsy) early antibody responses in autoimmune disease. In particularly, this technique demonstrated that the humoral response against tissue transglutaminase occurs at the intestinal mucosal level, and that the human VH5 gene is the commonly used variable region by the celiac patients to build the anti-tTG. The intestinal mucosa production of IgA anti-tTG could be important in the diagnostic work-up of early-stage CD, when mucosal histology is not yet diagnostic. The investigators propose to 1) first degree relatives of CD patients, 2) subjects with autoimmune disease, 3) symptomatic subjects (genetically predisposed to gluten intolerance) tested negative for CD related autoantibodies and with apparently normal intestinal mucosa a prospective study to uncover early-stage of gluten intolerance by measuring the mucosal VH5 restricted gene family anti-tTG clones in two biopsies: before and after one year of gluten free-diet (GFD). Aims of this clinical trial are: to measure by means of phage display libraries the gluten dependent humoral immune response (anti-tTG) of the intestinal mucosa in subjects with high risk of untreated CD, without CD-related intestinal lesions. to demonstrate the mucosal gluten-dependent immune response before and after 12 months of gluten-free diet to demonstrate that dietary intervention might modify the clinical condition (e.g improvements of the gastrointestinal complaints or extra-gastrointestinal symptoms) of the enrolled patients and the improvement of the intestinal inflammation with the disappearance of the mucosal anti-tTG. to evaluate the specificity of the double staining technique for detecting IgA antitransglutaminase mucosal deposit with the phage display antibodies assay

Performing a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) identifying clinical diagnoses associated with a polygenic predictor of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels identified by a previously published genome-wide association study (GWAS). PheWAS will be applied in an electronic-health-record (EHR) cohort including North American (n: 37,154) and European participants using 1,318 phenotypes.

Evidence suggests that repeated or chronic ketamine use, as compared to acute ketamine users, posed a higher clinical risk of developing psychotic disorders, potentially related to the underlying chronic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction, and a higher risk of suffering from schizophrenia particularly in those genetically susceptible, or genetically predisposed ketamine abusers. With ketamine infusion rises as a emerging hope as an acute treatment for depression and suicidality under the shadow of unknown longer term psychotomimetic effects peculiarly amongst repeated or chronic use, the current case-control study aims to investigate: a) if repeated or chronic ketamine use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis by comparing those ketamine abusers with and without psychosis, and to those non-ketamine-using drug abusers with psychosis; and b) if genetic predisposition from single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with risk of psychosis in ketamine abusers.

A total genotype risk score was generated based on the findings of previous research for non-contact injury, non-contact muscle injury, tendon injury, ligament injury, fracture injury and apophysitis injury. This score was then compared with the incidence of injury between those with high, medium and low risk scores for each injury. The influence of different rates of growth, stages of physical maturation and loading exposure were then also included in the risk model to see if any interaction effects could be observed between genetic risk score and susceptibility to injury in different categories of growth, maturation and loading exposure.

Background: Women in Xuan Wei County, China, are almost all non-smokers, yet they have the highest lung cancer rate in that country. Non-smoking women in Xuan Wei who use smoky coal for cooking and heating homes can inhale 10 times higher levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH, compounds formed in many burning organic substances, including smoky coal) than someone who smokes 20 cigarettes a day. Objectives: Determine the health effects of smoky coal in Xuan Wei and Fu Yuan counties in China's Yun Nan Province Determine how different levels of exposure to smoky coal and other types of fuel affect the amount of smoky coal emissions that are absorbed into the body Determine genetic risk factors for lung cancer in the study population and determine how they interact with smoky coal and PAH exposure. Eligibility: Women from Xuan Wei and Fu Yuan counties between 18 and 79 years of age who have lung cancer and do or do not use smoky coal Women from Xuan Wei and Fu Yuan counties between 18 and 79 years of age who do not have lung cancer and do or do not use smoky coal Design: -Exposure assessment study for users of smoky coal - 150 households Use of air badges, monitors, and dermal badges to determine subjects' exposure to smoky coal Collection of blood, urine, cheek cell and sputum samples to measure the amount of smoky coal emissions absorbed into the body and evaluate the types of biologic changes they cause Interview subjects about their health and family history, occupational exposures, lifestyle factors (e.g., tobacco smoking and diet), and inherited differences in genes -Case-control study - 1,000 women Collection of blood, urine, cheek cell and sputum samples to measure how amount of smoky coal emissions absorbed into the body and evaluate types of biologic changes they cause Interview subjects about their health and family history, occupational exposures, lifestyle factors (e.g., tobacco smoking and diet), and inherited differences in genes Gene analysis to determine if a genetic variation is associated with an increased or decreased risk of health effects from smoky coal exposure