Active clinical trials for "Glioblastoma"

This research study is studying the changes in primary and metastatic brain tumor inflammation using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using a radioactive substance called [11C] PBR28a, which is also known as peripheral benzodiazepine receptors (PBR), or PBR-PET.

The purpose of the study is to conduct research of a new PET radiopharmaceutical in cancer patients. The uptake of the novel radiopharmaceutical 18F-FPPRGD2 will be assessed in study participants with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), gynecological cancers, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who are receiving antiangiogenesis treatment.

High-grade gliomas are the commonest primary malignant brain tumours in adults, affecting approximately 5000 people per year in the UK. Standard treatment comprises a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy; however this condition remains incurable and the average survival is approximately 18 months from diagnosis. There are a number of reasons for this. Firstly these tumours are highly invasive and involve important areas of brain making it impossible to remove them surgically or cure them with radiotherapy. In the majority of cases the tumour recurs within 2 to 3cm of the original site of tumour removal. Secondly, due to the presence of a barrier between the bloodstream and the brain, when drugs designed to kill tumour cells (chemotherapy) are given intravenously or orally, they frequently do not reach the tumour at a sufficient dose to have a beneficial effect. As the chemotherapy dose has to be very high for a sufficient dose to reach the tumour, drug-related side-effects are common. Laboratory studies demonstrate that glioma tumour cells are sensitive to a number of different chemotherapies, including carboplatin. When given intravenously however, carboplatin does not reach a sufficient concentration in the tumour to have a beneficial effect. However, studies have shown that carboplatin can be infused directly into the brain at a concentration that is highly toxic to tumour cells, but not to normal brain tissue. Using very small tubes implanted around the tumour, the investigators are able to infuse carboplatin reliably and repeatedly into the area where tumours typical recur. In this study, the investigators intend to evaluate the safety of this approach and determine the optimal dose of carboplatin to administer. It is hoped that this study will also provide evidence of improved survival for patients with high-grade glioma.

In this research study, the investigators are using FMISO-PET and MRI scans to explore the delivery of bevacizumab to the blood vessels in patient's with recurrent glioblastoma before and after treatment. Bevacizumab is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in patients with recurrent glioblastoma . It works by targeting a specific protein called VEGF, which plays a role in promoting the growth or spreading of tumor blood vessels. Since anti-VEGF agents also affect normal blood vessels in the brain, they can inhibit the way other drugs used in combination with bevacizumab are delivered to the tumor. In PET scans, a radioactive substance is injected into the body. The scanning machine finds the radioactive substance, which tends to go to cancer cells. For the PET scans in this research study, the investigators are using an investigational radioactive substance called FMISO. "Investigational" means that the role of FMISO-PET scans is still being studied and that research doctors are trying to find out more about it. FMISO goes to areas with low oxygenation so parts of the tumor that do not have enough oxygen can be seen. In addition, a vascular MRI will be used to evaluate the changes in tumor blood flow, blood volume, and how receptive blood vessels are. This scan will be performed at the same time of the FMISO-PET scan.

The proposed project aims to develop novel electrochemotherapeutic treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Standard treatment has limited effect on survival and quality of life. Electrochemotherapy is a novel and promising treatment, which has demonstrated convincing results in the treatment of various types of carcinoma. The treatment is based on a combination of electrical current stimulation of tumor cells and simultaneous administration of chemotherapeutic drugs. Electrochemotherapy works by inducing an electrical current between implanted electrodes in the tumor tissue, causing electroporation of the cancer cell membranes, and thereby increasing the cellular permeability and drug uptake. Electrochemotherapy has proven to be an efficient way of considerably increasing the potency of the chemotherapeutic drug bleomycin in malignant cells in skin tumors and carcinoma metastases, and thereby increasing cytotoxicity of the drug locally in the tumor tissue. This allows for treatment with lower doses of chemotherapeutic drugs and more defined, local area of effect, thus decreasing systemic effects. The investigators propose to use a novel non-invasive and safe technique called focused transcranial magnetic stimulation (focused TMS) to induce electrical current in the tumor tissue. TMS is a safe and widely implemented technology used to treat multiple neurological diseases such as pain, depression and stroke. Studies have shown that effective electroporation of cell membranes can be obtained using induction of electromagnetic fields in a cell suspension, and new focused TMS further enables focused treatment of selected brain regions without surgical intervention and, thereby focusing chemotherapeutic treatment to pathological tissue and avoiding surgery related brain tissue damage. Additionally, TMS transiently increases blood-brain barrier permeability, theoretically allowing increased uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs in the target area. This addresses a significant challenge in the treatment of brain cancer, as most cytotoxic drugs have fairly limited ability to pass the blood brain barrier. The intention of this research project is to investigate the therapeutic potential of focused TMS as an alternative non-invasive source of current induction and thereby means to treat several types of brain cancer with electrochemotherapy.

The purpose of this research study is to try and identify a more effective treatment plan to improve survival rates for patients with a recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) brain tumor that can be removed by brain surgery. The study will record what effects (good and bad) the combination of surgery with chemotherapy wafers inserted in the spot where the patient's tumor was during your surgery and post-operative chemotherapy has on the patient and their survival rate over the next 12 months.

Primary Objective: The primary objective is to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant intracranial tumors. Secondary Objective: The secondary objective is to evaluate the safety of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant intracranial tumors.

A Phase 1/2a Open Label Multicenter, Non-Randomized, Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of CYNK-001 in Combination with Recombinant Human Interleukin-2 in Adults with Recurrent Resection Eligible IDH1 wild-type Glioblastoma. For phase I portion, the study objectives to assess the safety and feasibility CYNK-001 in combination with rhIL2 of Intravenous (IV) infusion and Intracavitary (IC) administrations following tumor resection and to establish a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and a Recommended Phase 2a Dose (RP2D) for IV and IC CYNK-001 administration. For Phase IIa, to evaluate efficacy and safety of CYNK-001 administrations in recurrent GBM as measured by Progression Free Survival at 6 months (PFS6M)

This is a phase II study to determine the immunogenicity and efficacy of a vaccine composed of tumor associated long synthetic peptides mixed with Montanide ISA-51 VG administered with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid - poly-L-lysine carboxymethylcellulose (Poly-ICLC) and bevacizumab in adults with recurrent glioblastoma.

This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of epidermal growth factor receptor bispecific antibody (EGFRBi)-armed autologous T cells and how well it works in treating patients with glioblastoma that have come back or does not respond to treatment. EGFRBi-armed autologous T cells coated with antibodies (proteins used by the immune system to target and kill foreign objects such as cancer cells) may have great ability to seek out, attach to, and destroy glioblastoma cells.