Active clinical trials for "Glioma"

This is an open-label positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) study to investigate the diagnostic performance and evaluation efficacy of 68Ga-NOTA-Aca-BBN(7-14) in glioma patients. A single dose of 111-148 Mega-Becquerel (MBq) 68Ga-NOTA-Aca-BBN(7-14) will be injected intravenously. Visual and semiquantitative method will be used to assess the PET/CT images.

This trial develops a non invasive diagnostic approach of IDH1 mutated gliomas combining mutation detection from free plasmatic DNA, D-2HG dosage in urine samples, and D-2HG detection by Brain Spectro MRI. In group 1 (25 patients), patients with presumed grade II-III gliomas candidate to surgery will undergo spectro MRI, plasma, urine dosages. Results will then be confronted to tumor mutational status and D-2HG. In group 2 (15 patients), patients with known IDH1 mutation will undergo spectro MRI, plasma, urine dosages overtime in order to correlate results with the response to treatment.

The purpose of this study is to: estimate the degree of memory loss, if any following radiotherapy to the base of skull or brain as measured by standard neurocognitive battery testing. describe radiotherapy dose-related changes in vascular perfusion, in spectroscopic parameters of neuronal injury and changes in the degree and directionality of tissue water diffusivity (diffusion tensor imaging) as a measure of white axonal injury. to relate these imaging characteristics to the degree of memory loss.

This study will evaluate the test-retest repeatability of lactate and other metabolites measured by single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and multi-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging experiments (MRSI) in tumor tissue in patients radiographically diagnosed with glioma. These measurements will test whether the concentration of lactate in tumor will be higher than the concentration of lactate in normal tissue of the same patient.

This multi-institutional study will prospectively collect tumor and constitutional tissue samples from patients with diffuse brainstem glioma and other types of brainstem gliomas either during therapy or at autopsy to perform an extensive analysis of genetic and molecular abnormalities in these tumors.

This study will examine the use of a variation of standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) called diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) for distinguishing injured brain tissue due to radiation therapy (radiation necrosis) from the return of a brain tumor that was previously removed (tumor recurrence). DT-MRI differs from standard MRI in the way that computers process the images; there is no difference in the experience of having the procedure done. Both radiation necrosis and tumor recurrence can occur within weeks to months following brain radiation treatment. Because the treatment and management options for the two conditions differ significantly, distinguishing the two is of critical importance. Currently, surgical biopsy is required to make this differentiation. Healthy volunteers and patients who have received radiation therapy as part of their treatment for a brain tumor may be eligible for this study. All candidates must be at least 21 years old. Patients must have a new area of abnormality that requires a biopsy to determine whether it is a tumor recurrence or radiation necrosis. Candidates are screened with a medical history and physical examination. In addition, patients have blood and urine tests. All participants undergo MRI and DT-MRI. MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves instead of X-rays to obtain images of body organs and tissues. The MRI scanner is a metal cylinder surrounded by a strong magnetic field. During the MRI, the subject lies on a table that can slide in and out of the cylinder and wears earplugs to muffle loud knocking noises that occur during the scanning. Scanning time varies from 20 minutes to 3 hours, with most scans lasting 40-60 minutes. Subjects may be asked to lie still for up to 20 minutes at a time. DT-MRI is a type of MRI that measures how water moves in the brain tissue. This technique uses the same MRI machine as conventional MRI, but the diffusion images are obtained after the normal MRI scan, and by a computer program that is installed into the machine. This completes the participation of healthy subjects. In addition to the scans, patients undergo brain biopsy of the abnormal areas identified by MRI. Patients' commitment to the study protocol is fulfilled when the surgery is complete; they may, however, continue to receive follow-up care at the NIH Clinical Center after they complete the study. They are given the results of the biopsy so that further treatment, if necessary, can be arranged.

This study will examine tissue from gliomas (a type of brain tumor) removed during surgery for gene mutations, or changes, thought to be involved in tumor formation and growth. One common gene mutation causes the receptor for a protein called epidermal growth factor (EGF) to be in an active state all of the time, allowing uncontrolled cell growth that can lead to tumor formation. This study will analyze blood and tumor tissue samples from patients with gliomas for: Changes in the EGF gene in the tumor Changes in other genes, such as that for the EGF receptor (EGFR) Changes in levels of EGF and EGFR, and in other proteins and genes that respond to changes in the levels of these proteins in the tumor Changes in the EGF gene and protein in the blood The study will also determine if production of EGF and EGFR obtained from glioma and from blood cells derived from the tumor can be altered in the laboratory to grow indefinitely in culture. Patients between 18 and 75 years of age with a brain tumor that requires surgical treatment may be eligible for this study. Participants will be admitted to the NIH Clinical Center for about 3 to 10 days. They will have a physical and neurological examination, blood and urine tests, other tests, if medically necessary, and will be evaluated and prepared for surgery. During surgery, as much of the tumor as possible will be removed. A small amount of the tumor tissue will be collected for this study. No tissue will be removed for this study that would not otherwise have been removed. Some of the tissue will be used to culture glioma cells and the rest will be frozen and stored for examination, as described above. If any normal-appearing brain tissue is removed during surgery in order to enhance safety in removing the tumor, the normal tissue will be studied as well. Brain tissue that appears normal will not be removed strictly for research. During surgery and the day after surgery, a blood sample will be drawn from a catheter (plastic tube) that was placed in an artery or vein for surgery. If catheters are no longer in place, blood will be drawn through a needle in a vein.

Malignant glioma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. Despite aggressive therapy, less than 40% of these patients are expected to live beyond 5 years. The radiologic imaging of these tumors relies on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - these studies provide good anatomical information about the size and location of the tumor, but are unable to evaluate whether the tumor is still viable or contains metabolic activity, after surgery and, in particular, radiotherapy (RT). This complicates accurate understanding of the status of the tumor during a patient's follow-up. This study proposes to add magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a non-invasive imaging method which can monitor metabolic changes in the tumor, to regular imaging. Understanding the changes that occur in a tumor over the course of radiotherapy could help predict how well a treatment might work, and could also be useful in distinguishing a return of the tumor in an area of radiation damage before it would be obvious on regular imaging.

This is a pilot study to assess the ability of [F-18]fluciclovine to differentiate pseudoprogression from progression in participants after therapy, at imaging time points within the 12 week interval post chemoradiation. [F-18]fluciclovine. PET will be obtained at the time point in the 12 week interval in which MRI demonstrates increase in enhancing volume with the differential diagnosis of pseudoprogression versus tumor progression. At the same time point (at least 6 hours after [F-18]fluciclovine or up to 3 days) F-18 FDG will also be performed consistent with standard clinical practice. The verification of pseudoprogression versus tumor progression will be determined by the regression of enhancing lesion on subsequent MRI imaging obtained as part of standard care.

This trial assesses the quality of life in patients with high grade glioma and their caregivers using a questionnaire called the Beacon Patient Related Outcomes Quality of Life (PROQOL). Knowledge gained from this trial may help researchers find out if early integration of palliative care will lead to improvement in quality of life for both patients and caregivers.