Active clinical trials for "Glucose Intolerance"

This study is being done to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and dose level of sitagliptin (MK-0431/ONO-5435) used once daily (qd) in Japanese participants with impaired glucose tolerance who have inadequate glycemic control using diet and exercise therapy.

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of AR9281, a novel s-EH enzyme inhibitor, in improving glucose metabolism and blood pressure in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and mild to moderate hypertension.

The purpose of this study is to investigate if co-treatment of acromegalic patients, who beforehand are considered well-controlled on SA monotherapy, with pegvisomant and SA will improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and if these effects of co-treatment can be obtained at a neutral cost as compared to SA mono therapy. Second to investigate body composition, substrate metabolism, symptoms, intrahepatic and intramyocellular fat.

This study is being done to see if the blood pressure and metabolic effects of an approved drug nebivolol is comparable to that of another approved drug hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and placebo in hypertensive patients.

Professor Matti Uusitupa, University of Kuopio, Department of Clinical Nutrition (www.uku.fi) Docent Matej Oresic, VTT (www.vtt.fi) Ursula Schwab, PhD, Docent, Marjukka Kolehmainen, PhD, Docent, Leena Pulkkinen, PhD, Docent, David Laaksonen, MD, PhD, MPH, Docent, Kaisa Poutanen, DSc (Tech), Research Professor ABSTRACT The metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are the most important health problems worldwide. In Finland the prevalence of T2DM is 12-15% among middle-aged people. The prevalence of less marked disturbances in glucose metabolism and MS is 30-40%. Because MS and T2DM are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of death in western countries, all efforts to reverse the epidemic increase in the incidence of MS and T2DM are warranted. The investigators have focused for years on the prevention and non-pharmacological treatment of T2DM and its complications including studies on genetic regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism after dietary modifications. In the investigators' recent projects, the investigators have studied the effects of long-term dietary interventions on gene expression profiles of fat tissue in subjects who are at risk of T2DM. The ultimate goal of these projects has been to identify genes and gene clusters and their biological pathways that respond to dietary modification and modulate glucose and lipid metabolism, and to develop dietary strategies for prevention of T2DM. The main goal of this project is to find nutrition related early biomarkers for progression of MS to T2DM by using modern technologies of systems biology (transcriptomics, metabolomics) of carefully conducted dietary interventions involving subjects with MS. The data will be analysed by using bioinformatics. The investigators reflect these new data to well-known risk factors for T2DM and CVD, e.g., insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, serum lipids and inflammatory factors among others. In addition to interventions conducted earlier, a new intervention with a whole grain-berry-fish diet and a whole grain diet compared to a control diet with refined foods will be performed. The aim is to increase the investigators' understanding on the synergistic effects of these foods, because the investigators' previous interventions have shown that these individual foods have beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. On the contrary, diets with refined foods may be harmful in long-term due to its high insulin response, which may through chronic stress lead to both insulin resistance and beta-cell damage. The significance of this project is to increase understanding of the pathophysiology of MS, T2DM and CVD in physiological, cellular and genetic systems, which may lead to more effective and individualised strategies for treatment and prevention, and better identification of high-risk individuals responsive to specific dietary modifications. Increasing knowledge of dietary factors involved in the progression of MS to T2DM and CVD offers new opportunities to individually tailored diets in the management and prevention of these disorders. The results will also be beneficial for the food industry in developing new functional foods. These results and actions may help delay or even stop the epidemic of MS and T2DM and their negative effect on public health currently seen in Finland and worldwide.

The aim is to examine whether pharmacological interventions with thiazolidinedione and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can reverse pre-clinical vasculopathy in newly diagnosed diabetic and IGT individuals.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the insulin sensitizing effects of rosiglitazone were accompanied by changes in 11ß-HSD1 expression and activity in different tissues. Furthermore the metabolic and hormonal effects of PPAR gamma stimulation by rosiglitazone will be analysed in several tissues.

This study investigated the effect of dexmedetomidine in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

The majority of obese have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD). Currently, no pharmacological agents are licenced for the prevention or treatment of NAFLD, and weight loss, notoriously difficult to obtain (and specially to maintain), remains the only treatment option. Interestingly, curcumin, a phenolic compound extracted from the turmeric root, has from in vitro and animal studies shown promising effects in preventing and treating NAFLD, and the sparse available human data point in the same direction; but solid human data are missing. This study will delineate the effects of curcumin when treating NAFLD in humans. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of curcumin on liver fat content (assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)) in obese subject with NAFLD. Additionally, a range of secondary endpoints have been chosen in order to delineate the role of NAFLD in the newly discovered liver-alpha cell axis governing circulating levels of the glucose-mobilising pancreatic alpha cell hormone glucagon and, thus, to elucidate the link between liver fat content and the risk of developing reduced glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Also, the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin will be elucidated, as inflammatory markers will be measured before and after intervention. Furthermore, the effect of curcumin will be measured by measuring the following parameters before and after intervention: Transient elastography, anthropometric measurements, body weight, appetite, food-consumption, calory balance, resting energy expenditure, gut microbiota, bioimpedance measures, visceral- and subcutaneous fat, glucose tolerance, lipids, blood pressure, pulse, liver parameters (blood-tests) and adipokines. During the oral glucose tolerance test before and after intervention, incretin hormones, glucagon, amino acids, insulin, c-peptide and urea will be measured.

This study aims to determine whether the use of Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAA's) regulate insulin and glucagon secretion, and whether the supplement has any effect on body weight and body composition. Subjects who participate in this study will receive an 8-week supply of supplement. The study supplements will be manufactured by Scientific Living, in Irvine, CA for high dose BCAA and the low dose BCAA is manufactured by Nutribiotic, Lakeport, CA. Timed blood collections will be used to measure how BCAA affect glucose metabolism/insulin sensitivity in human subjects.