Active clinical trials for "Glucose Metabolism Disorders"

To evaluate the effect of 12 months of supplementation with a probiotic (probiotic plus prebiotic; 2 capsules per day) on relative change (%) in total volumetric bone density (measured using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography [HR-pQCT]) of the distal tibia.

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effect of lysine and phosphorous on the glycemic index (GI) of white bread and postprandial glycemia. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can double fortification with lysine and phosphorous lower the glycemic index (GI) of bread? Does double fortification with lysine and phosphorous improve postprandial glycemia? Participants in the study will be assigned to the control group, where they will consume regular white bread, then to the experimental group, where they will consume double fortified bread with lysine and phosphorous. The glycemic response of the bread samples will be measured by monitoring blood glucose levels in healthy participants after consuming the bread. The glycemic index will also be calculated based on the area under the curve (AUC) of the test food compared to a standard. The collected data will be analyzed using statistical methods such as paired sample t-tests and one-way ANOVA. The expected outcomes of the study are that lysine and phosphorous will reduce the glycemic index of white bread and also decrease the postprandial blood glucose spike. This research aims to provide valuable insights into fortifying bread to improve its health impact, particularly for individuals with diabetes or at risk of developing diabetes

This study aims to test the following hypotheses in a randomized controlled trial of post-partum women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) that will be followed up for up to 4 years: Post-partum pregnancy is ideal for behavioural modification and adopting a healthy lifestyle. Using the continous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor and an exercise tracker will promote self-motivation and awareness by positive reinforcement and behavioural changes to improve diet, control body weight and increase physical activity in this group of post-partum women who are at high risk for developing Type II Diabetes. The use of the continous glycose monitoring (CGM) sensor and exercise tracker will motivate women to modify their dietary food intake and physical activity over time, reducing their cardiovascular risk factors for developing metabolic syndrome by lowering their baseline blood pressure, BMI, reducing their waist circumference and body fat mass, glycaemic levels and fasting lipids within the targeted healthy range. There will be an increase in the quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained based on improvements in HbA1C and other proximal outcomes at the end of the trial.

The investigators will study if group education for parents of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) will improve the transition from adolescence to adulthood. The investigators aim to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) of parent group education sessions to assess the feasibility and refine the intervention to inform a full-scale multicenter RCT. The aims of the pilot are to estimate: 1. Recruitment rate, 2. Adherence rate, 3. Response rate, and 4. Retention rate. The aims for the future full-scale multicenter RCT are to assess the effect of parent group education sessions integrated into pediatric care, compared with usual care on self-management, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), adverse outcomes and validated measures during the transition from adolescence to adulthood. The investigators will conduct a parallel group, blinded (outcome assessors, data analysts), superiority pilot RCT of parents and their adolescents with T1D (14-16 years of age) followed at a university teaching hospital-based pediatric diabetes clinic in Montreal. Interventions will occur over 12-months. Follow-up will be to 18 months from enrollment.

The purpose of this pilot research project is to examine the impact of a low-glycemic index (GI) diet on postprandial hypotension and glucose control in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury. The objectives are: 1) To evaluate the effect of the low-GI diet on the magnitude of postprandial systolic blood pressure drop compared to a high-GI control diet. 2)To evaluate the effect of a low-GI diet on postprandial glucose and insulin responses compared to a high-GI control diet.

The goal of this proposal is to determine whether the beneficial effects of NMN on metabolic function observed in rodents applies to people.

The overall aim is to delineate the contribution of ghrelin to glucose tolerance after sleeve gastrectomy. The hypothesis is that decreased concentration of ghrelin after SG is of importance for improved insulin secretion and glucose tolerance seen after SG. The expectation is therefore that infusion of ghrelin will impair insulin secretion and glucose tolerance compared with a control day without ghrelin infusion.

Type 2 diabetes affects the ability of the body to process glucose (sugar). Under fasting conditions, the liver is able to make sugar to maintain glucose levels in an important process called endogenous glucose production (EGP). Previous studies suggest that the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain, helps to regulate levels of glucose in the body by communicating with the liver. This process can be impaired in people with type 2 diabetes, and can contribute to the high level of glucose seen in these individuals. The purpose of this study is to understand how activating control centers of the brain with a medication called diazoxide can affect how much glucose (sugar) is made by the liver. This is particularly important for people with diabetes who have very high production of glucose, which in turn can lead to diabetes complications.

Strategies to control chronic postprandial hyperglycaemia by optimizing the functionality of foods would strengthen efforts to reduce the risk of developing T2D in the general population. Polyphenolic constituents, may help to delay starch and disaccharide digestion and glucose absorption following a carbohydrate-containing meal or beverage. In vitro studies suggest that some berry anthocyanins and apple polyphenols are effective inhibitors of digestive enzymes, α-amylases and α-glucosidases. Furthermore, polyphenols found in berries and apples inhibit the action of intestinal glucose transporters. Human data is limited; however, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that berries and apple products reduced postprandial glucose concentrations following consumption of either starch, glucose or sucrose loads. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that consumption of a fruit bar containing anthocyanin-rich bilberry and polyphenol-rich apple extracts together with a starch and sucrose meal would reduce the postprandial glycemic response. This study is a randomized cross over study and will aim to recruit 24 overweight (BMI > 25.0), men or post-menopausal women, aged ≥40 and ≤ 70 years who will attend four study sessions. The first study session will be an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the remaining three will be identical in all respects except for the composition of the fruit bar. Consecutive blood samples will be collected in all 4 study sessions which will be used to measure glucose, insulin, C-peptide, incretins and lipids.

Forty-five subjects receiving no dietary therapy with a proven G1D diagnosis will be enrolled. To evaluate the effect of C7 supplementation of a regular diet on a EEG activity in addition to IQ, language, working memory, processing speed, emotional and behavioral functioning, ataxia, and other neuropsychological and neurological performance indices in children and adults genetically diagnosed with G1D receiving a regular diet at enrollment.