Active clinical trials for "Cross Infection"

The present study is a retrospective cohort study on patients who suffered a nosocomial infection in major hospitals in Vietnam. Data relating to patient demography include age, gender; medical history; APACHE II score; background conditions, infection details and antimicrobial therapy; and all-caused mortality, time of hospitalization and intensive care. The investigators hypothesis is that antimicrobial treatment inappropriate is highly dependent on incidence of antibiotic resistant pathogens, nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli and ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae spp. Variables are demographic characteristics, background conditions, immunosuppressive therapy, antimicrobial susceptibility and inappropriate treatment is explored as possible predictors of mortality.

Data extraction from bacteriological laboratory of Martinique University hospital to determine the frequency and the distribution of nosocomial infections due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ACHX), an emerging multi-resistant environmental bacteria. The specific tropical environment and climatic conditions in Martinique may favor ACHX development and the investigators suppose that this new opportunistic pathogen can represent a danger for hospitalized patients. The aim of our study is to describe the most affected population and try to identify the main environmental sources of contamination.

Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli (NFGNB) are aerobic, non-motile, non-lactose fermenting, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive coccobacilli that pose a serious threat to critically ill patients. Primarily Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), are NFGNB which are potential multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens that are related to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli (NFGNB) infections, which are potential multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens, pathogenesis is determined not only by bacterial virulence factors but more importantly by the interaction between bacteria and the host immune system. Thanks to their direct immunomodulatory properties, lipoproteins and lipids bind and neutralise toxic bacterial substances. During the acute phase response and inflammation, HDL presents significant structural and functional changes. This study was planned to evaluate the relationship between the changes of the serum lipid metabolism and other inflammation markers with the antimicrobial resistance status and the results in NFGNB VAP patients. Also, we aimed to investigate whether there is a difference in the clinical characteristics of the patients depending on the resistance profile of NFGNB.

Bundling infection control interventions should decrease incidence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in General Medical Wards at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

This study is to analyse the demographics and microbiological factors concerning patients undergoing cardio surgical intervention using CPB complicated with bloodstream infection (BSI) postoperatively.

Retrospective laboratory-based data collection study of surgical site infections: Surveillance of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Unit in Sosnowiec, Poland;

Clostridium difficile is the first cause of nosocomial infectious diarrhea, due to its mode of transmission and its resistance in the environment. Nosocomiality is defined by the apparition of an infection 48 hours after the patient's hospitalization. Clostridium difficile contamination occurs oro-fecally and is transmitted directly through the hand or from the contaminated environment (during care or not). By implementing prevention and optimal treatment, nosocomial infections are preventable. A clostridium difficile infection causes an additional cost of patient care for the hospital. This additional cost is principally due to the increase of the length of the stay. It varies according to patient risk factors,and also according to the reason of the hospitalization and can vary from 300 euros (~317$) to more than 25.000 euros (26.460$). By determining the increase in the length of the stay and the additional cost due to a clostridium difficile infection in the GHICL (Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille), prevention will be valued and measures against those infections should be easier to set up. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the additional cost of an infection by clostridium difficile.

We hypothesized that by improving hand hygiene compliance in the operative environment, we would reduce horizontal transmission of pathogenic bacteria to surgical patients.

This is a prospective surveillance study to estimate excess deaths due to and risk factors associated with antibiotic-resistant infection among patients with hospital-acquired infection (HAI) in a resource-limited setting. We will focus on six pathogenic bacteria that are of clinically important in the hospital.

Healthcare - Associated Infection Surveillance In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Assiut University Children's Hospital.The objective of study is to determine the incidence, infection sites, causative organisms and risk factors related to healthcare-associated infections in NICU in Assiut University Children hospital.