Active clinical trials for "Myocardial Infarction"

Ischemic cardiomyopathy, defined by a deficiency in oxygenation of the myocardium due to a narrowing of the coronary arteries, is a major problem for public health. Medicinally-treated or re-vascularized cardiovascular rehabilitation following myocardial infarction has shown undeniable benefits in decreasing the overall mortality rate (13-26%), cardiovascular mortality (26-36%) and morbidity, by controlling cardiovascular risk factors and improving tolerance to effort and consequently improving the quality of life. Since the integration of physical exercise into the rehabilitation programs of patients suffering from coronary disease in the mid-90s, and throughout the following decade, the exercise training program has mainly relied on moderately intense continuous exercises (CONT) the aim of which is to improve the aerobic capacity. These efforts typically consist of performing a submaximal exercise with an intensity of 50 to 80% of the maximum capacity for effort (established according to studies depending on the maximum or reserve heart rate or even peak power, measured when performing a first test, then a progressive and maximum test), and a constant duration (about 20 to 60 minutes). In the 2000s, under the aegis of Scandinavian teams, the intermittent mode (IT) appeared, characterized by alternating high intensity efforts of a short duration with active recuperation phases (Rognmo et al., 2004). Superiority of the IT mode over the CONT mode is generally observed on aerobic capacity for effort, usually gauged via the maximal oxygen consumption peak measured during a graded and maximum effort test. An important methodological bias in the comparison of the two modalities, within meta-analyses or even in the same randomized controlled trial, is the absence of control/pairing on the overall volume of training. At the present time, and to the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies to compare the effects of CONT versus IT modes on the systolic or diastolic function of the myocardial region by 2D-strain following myocardial infarction. The aim of our study was to compare the outcomes of 2D strain scans upon inclusion and after 8 weeks of cardiovascular physiotherapy for 2 groups of patients benefiting from a CONT or IT program.

Background and rationale: Evaluating patients with acute chest pain, elevated high-sensitive cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) levels and non-diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG), i.e. suspected non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI), is a daily challenge. Although contemporary hs-cTn assay-based algorithms have greatly facilitated clinical decision-making, still one-quarter of patients is categorized as 'observe' group and in whom a diagnosis initially remains unknown. Although routinely treated as acute (MI) with referral to invasive coronary angiography (ICA), up to one-third does not have obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Follow-up cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has been shown to be a very useful diagnostic tool in this setting but is not part of routine clinical care in every patient. Objectives: To investigate in patients with suspected non-ST elevation MI meeting the 'observe' criteria and who are scheduled for ICA: 1) the prevalence of coronary artery disease as well as non-coronary artery disease related and extra-cardiac diseases by adding CMR early in the diagnostic pathway, and 2) the number of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and a composite of MACE and major (non-cardiac) adverse events after 30 days and one year. These objectives allow an accurate estimate of the number of potentially avoidable ICA in the future and whether early CMR could be a safe gatekeeper for inappropriate ICA. Study population and design: In this prospective, observational two-center study in The Netherlands (MUMC+ and VieCuri Medical Center), 87 consecutive patients with acute chest pain, non-diagnostic ECG and hs-cTn levels meeting the observe criteria and scheduled for ICA, will be investigated. Patients will undergo a comprehensive CMR examination prior to ICA and will be followed-up at one month and one year. After completion of follow-up, an independent clinical diagnosis committee will adjudicate a final diagnosis: at discharge and after one year. The final diagnosis at discharge will be adjudicated twice: once with and once without considering the results of CMR. For the diagnosis at one-year, all clinical variables and CMR results will be considered. MACE and complications will be scored after 30 days and one year. Main study parameters/endpoints: The primary endpoint is the prevalence of coronary artery disease as well as non-coronary artery disease related and extra-cardiac diseases. The secondary (safety) endpoint is the number of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and a composite of MACE and major (non-cardiac) adverse events after 30 days and one year. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: CMR is an accepted and safe imaging modality in patients with (suspected) non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

People often experience the acute phase of a myocardial infarction as a stressful and traumatic event that seems lifethreatening. Such anxiety, pain and stress can lead to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder in the long run. Previous studies suggest that there might be a relevant percentage of people developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) after a myocardial infarction. Posttraumatic stress disorder is a risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease. The goal of this study is to detect the percentage of people that develop symptoms of anxiety, stress, and PTSD after an acute myocardial infarction.

The last 15 years the introduction of primary angioplasty has radically improved outcomes for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the system wide availability of prompt investigation has revealed an important group of patients where progress has stalled, the diagnosis is unclear and therapeutic approaches are uncertain. Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is found in 1 - 13% of all patients with a clinical diagnosis of AMI. These patients present a therapeutic predicament since coronary revascularization is not appropriate. Guidelines do not exist for their management - yet the condition is not benign - the 12-month prognosis, although better than obstructive coronary artery disease patients is still guarded with recent data suggesting many questions remain unanswered.

Troponin T (TnT) is a part of the troponin protein complex that principally exists in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells and is widely used as diagnostic biomarker for myocardial injury and, thus, myocardial infarction (MI). Elevated TnT levels can, however, be observed in the presence of other clinical conditions such as heart failure, sepsis and kidney failure and the contemporary high-sensitivity TnT test may yield false positive results when performing diagnostics for suspected MI in these patients. Recent data have demonstrated that in the presence of MI, TnT gradually undergoes fragmentation into smaller fragments. It has been suggested that in the presence of e.g. chronic kidney disease or physical exercise the released TnT is predominantly in the form of smaller fragments. However, the clinical significance of TnT fragmentation is unknown and, thus, we sought to investigate the prevalence of fragmentation of TnT in different patient cohorts.

The primary objective of the trial is to compare the efficacy of early with deferred invasive strategy for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) within 24-48h of symptom onset.

This study aims to investigate life-style and psycho social factors of major cardiovascular events in patients with myocardial infarction in three different provinces of Iran and to design a risk assessment chart for major cardiovascular events in patients with MI.

Preclinical studies have demonstrated that high mechanical index (MI) impulses from a diagnostic ultrasound (DUS) transducer during an intravenous microbubble infusion (sonothrombolysis) can restore epicardial and microvascular flow in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The investigators propose to demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of sonothrombolysis in multiple centers and in a wide scenario of acute coronary syndromes.

In this project the investigator's plan to collect blood during a patient's routine angiogram procedure which they will have due to having suffered a heart attack. Data from the patients' routine procedures for this condition, including but not exclusively, ECG, Echocardiogram, MRI scans, will be collected. The aim of the research project is to analyse the blood samples and identify novel biomarkers and clinical parameters associated with acute coronary syndromes. The investigator's will particularly focus on markers of inflammation and micro-organism activity. The investigator's hope that this will help to gain more knowledge about what causes heart disease and how various conditions can be treated more efficiently. The investigator's will follow-up and collect further research data via a questionnaire at the routine 6 weeks and 6 months follow-up appointment after the angiogram procedure. Participants will also be telephoned at one-year post procedure, to update any events and medication status and data will thereafter be collected form data held by the hospital without having to contact the participant. Remaining blood samples will be stored securely for further analysis into blood and other markers.

The primary aim of this research is to explore the adherence and drop-out from early cardiac rehabilitation (CR), to inform interventions to support patient's adherence to CR and facilitate maintenance. The secondary aim is to understand which aspects of CR are essential for improving health-related quality of life in the short and long-term. This research will comprise four stages adopting a mixed-methods, quasi-experimental, repeated measures design.