Active clinical trials for "Heart Diseases"

The purpose of this study is to test whether cardiac autonomic dysfunction predicts is a prognostic marker in type-2 diabetics with ischemic heart disease

The negative effect of internal mammary harvesting on sternal perfusion is well known, especially in diabetic subjects. Microdialysis previously showed increased lactate tissue concentration after mammary artery preparation. Although high antibiotic concentration is of utmost importance in this region, no study previously measured the effect of internal mammary artery harvesting on target tissue antibiotic concentration. Study hypothesis: Internal mammary artery harvesting imposes an additional risk for deep sternal wound infection by impairing antibiotic tissue penetration. This effect is mediated by altered perfusion patterns and may be seen in cephalosporin and/or Teicoplanin treatment. Study objective: To evaluate the impact of left internal mammary artery preparation on target tissue antibiotic concentration of Cefazolin and Teicoplanin during cardiac surgery Design: This study is designed as an observational pharmacokinetic trial. Patients are their own controls by measuring antibiotic concentration in different subcutaneous tissues. Study population: Patients referred for coronary artery bypass grafting to the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery with planned unilateral left internal mammary artery preparation and a high risk profile for deep sternal wound infections will be asked to participate in this trial.

Basic studies has showed that sustained use of nitrates might associated with adverse effects on vascular function mediated by an increase in nitrate-induced oxidative stress. But it remains unclear whether oxidative stress increases with endothelial function impairment in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) during administration of long-term oral nitrates. The investigators evaluated whether administration of long-term isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) treatment was associated with oxidative stress increase and endothelial function impairment in patients with CAD.

Blood samples and health information (e.g., age at diagnosis, test results) are collected for the purposes of genetic research. The blood samples are assigned a number and stored in a repository for safe keeping until they are needed for a research project. Participants are persons who are healthy (not having high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol levels) or persons who have Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and live in Indiana. Participants complete a questionnaire at the time the blood sample is drawn and are contacted once a year to update their health history. Researchers apply to the Fairbanks Institute for use of the blood samples and health information minus participant names and contact information. Their research is required to be related to find genes or substances made by genes that may be involved in Coronary Artery Disease with the purpose of improving the investigators understanding of the illness potentially leading to the development of new diagnostic tools for identifying the illness, new treatments,or preventative measures. This study will be repeated for other disorders like Diabetes and Cancer.

Construction of coronary heart disease cohort of more than 10000 patients in China. Investigation on current situation of secondary prevention of CHD will be carried out and the effect of physician training and patient education will be evaluated.

The purpose of the study is to determine whether the excretion of renal water- and salt-channels in the urine reflects the handling of water and salt in the kidneys, and whether the excretion can be used to monitor and/or predict the effects of treatment of certain heart or lung diseases.

The overall objective of the study is to quantify the true prognostic value and cost-effectiveness of routine follow-up visits in patients who receive an approved pacemaker of any type for the first time.

A prospective cohort study was performed in patients with angina pectoris who were treated with oral Chinese patent medicine and Western medicine.Collect primary and secondary efficacy indicators such as the incidence of cardiovascular events, using clinical samples to detect genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, intestinal flora and sclerotia.To explore the clinical efficacy of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of coronary heart disease with angina pectoris, and provide reliable data support for its clinical application.

In adolescents with obesity cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has become an important clinical examination providing valuable information with regard to the integrative exercise responses, including the pulmonary, cardiovascular and muscular systems. During CPET, mechanical constraints in ventilation, an elevated risk for hypoxia and chronotropic incompetence (CI) (defined as the inability of the heart to increase its rate with increased activity), or compromised cardiac function (e.g. lowered heart rate (HR) recovery, chronotropic index and stroke volume) are often observed in obese adults. Moreover, several studies regarding exercise capacity and cardiopulmonary responses to maximal endurance exercise testing have been performed in obese adolescents. Despite these previous investigations in obese adolescents it remains controversial whether cardiopulmonary disturbances can be observed consistently during CPET. However, a number of studies have reported a suboptimal response to exercise, in particular a reduced peak heart rate (HRpeak) and peak cycling power output (Wpeak). Adult obesity modifies cardiac behavior, including resting HR and CI, which has a marked effect on exercise capacity. Therefore, chronotropic variables are the most important factors that affect exercise performance. It has been shown that both peak and resting HR account for over forty percent of variability of exercise capacity. Interestingly, resting HR and HR response to exercise, including a blunted HR increase, low chronotropic index and HR recovery, are important predictors of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death, at least in adults. These changes in HR during and recovery from CPET are mediated by the balance between sympathetic and vagal activity of the autonomic nervous system. Adverse cardiovascular outcomes associated with the metabolic syndrome may be mediated by autonomic dysfunction, whereby obesity is characterized by sympathetic predominance and a decrease in vagal activity in the basal state, where reduced sympathetic responsiveness has been observed during exercise. Therefore, these multiple exercise risk markers could provide valuable clinical information regarding cardiometabolic health. Nonetheless HR behavior during CPET has not been described in obese adolescents. The goal of this study is to examine the HR behavior of obese adolescents during CPET to clarify whether this population suffer from CI.

The hypothesis is that patients with structural heart disease who are treated by STructural heARt nurses obtain better results in indicators of quality of care, compared with the usual practice (or not assisted) by this type of new interventional cardiology's nursing role.