Active clinical trials for "Heart Valve Diseases"

It is well documented in the literature that myocardial revascularization during valve surgery increases the risk of early mortality and morbidity. According to the most recent version of the European Guidelines, the possibility of myocardial revascularization via coronary artery bypass should be evaluated in patients with an indication for surgical treatment of heart valve disease but with coronary artery stenosis ≥ 50-70%. In this study, patients hospitalized for surgical heart valve disease, with occasional pre-operative finding of ≥ 50-70% coronary artery stenosis, without angina, are examined. After interdisciplinary discussion in the Heart Team, it was decided not to treat coronary artery disease during valve surgery. The aim is to evaluate the short and medium-term results of this "conscious omission".

This pilot study is to investigate the feasibility of obtaining medical grade audio phonocardiogram (PCG) recordings using a smartphone-based auscultation device in the first step. The ability to determine Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) (i.e., presence or absence of cardiac murmurs) using novel handheld CAA-devices shall be analyzed and first data on a smartphone-based auscultation in a hospital setting shall be collected. In further studies, the data provided from this study can be used to investigate the potential diagnostic use of such devices in the ambulatory and stationary care scenarios.

The study aim is: To examine aortic tissue by light microscopy To examine aortic tissue by electron microscopy To study changes in the epigenome and transcriptome of the X chromosome specific to aortic tissue. To examine aortic tissue using biochemistry including proteomics. To establish the karyotype of fibroblasts with standard chromosome examination on 10 meta-phases as well as by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes covering the X and Y chromosome. Using the latter 200 meta-phases will be examined. 30 controls who did not die from aortic dissection or dilation will be recruited from The Department of Forensic Medicine at Aarhus University Hospital. The investigators will subject samples of aortic tissue from women undergoing prophylactic aortic surgery due to either Marfan syndrome or bicuspid aortic valve to the same panel of examinations (except karyotyping). Lastly the investigators will compare the results from the three groups (Turner syndrome, Marfan syndrome and Bicuspid aortic valve).

This study will compare 3 dimensional intracardiac echo (ICE) with 2 dimensional ICE or transesophageal echo in patients with structural and valvular heart disease who are already scheduled to undergo a percutaneous intervention. Specifically those patients would be those scheduled for a PFO or ASD repair, mitral balloon valvuloplasty, diagnostic cardiac catheterization assessment of aortic stenosis and those undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Endothelial glycocalyx, the luminal structure of healthy vasculature, plays critical roles in regulation of inflammatory responses, vascular permeability, blood coagulation. It can be easily damaged by ischemia/reperfusion, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, endotoxin. Accordingly, the relationship between the shedding of endothelial glycocalyx and the prognosis of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, malignancy has been researched. In cases of cardiac surgery, patients cannot help but be exposed to ischemia/reperfusion, oxidative stress which can damage endothelial glycocalyx. In this research, the investigators would like to discover the impact of perioperative shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is well established, and can improve clinical outcomes of patients with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) who are inoperable or have high surgical risk. Although the rates of periprocedural bleeding events are lower in TAVI compared to those in surgical aortic valve replacement, those in TAVI still remains high. In addition, current guideline recommended the dual antiplatelet (DAPT), clopidogrel plus aspirin, for a 3- to 6-month period after TAVI, however no evidences supports this approach. The antithrombotic regimen in patients undergoing TAVI is needed to be established. To establish the antithrombotic regimen in patients undergoing TAVI, the investigators assess the changes in platelet thrombus formation and white thrombus formation in patients undergoing TAVI measured by Total Thrombus Formation Analysis System (T-TAS). the investigators analyze plasma microRNAs, and shear stress by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to clarify the mechanistic factors regarding those changes.

Valvular heart diseases are significant problem in Polish population. Coexistence of coronary artery disease in patients with VHD increases the risk of death and affects further therapeutic strategy. The aim of the study is analysis the epidemiology and the long-term prognosis among patients with VHD.

To develop and validate the predictive warfarin dosing algorithm.

The objective of this study is to determine whether the finger tip images captured by the EPIC ClearView device, when analyzed via the ClearView software, produce a Response Scale that characterizes trends consistent with known diagnoses identified by medical doctors. Specifically, the investigators hypothesize that the organ system involving any of a series of known active diagnoses will be identified in the EPIC ClearView Response Scale report with the intention of providing potential triage capabilities.

The purpose of the study is to study if coronary angiography cause cognitive dysfunction.