Active clinical trials for "Myelodysplastic Syndromes"

Background: Saliva, blood, tissue, and cancer contain DNA. DNA makes the "instruction book" for the cells in the body. Cancer is caused by changes in DNA that affect cell function. Researchers want to test DNA of people with tumors. They want to look for genetic changes in tumors that could be targets for treatment. Because DNA can change as cancer changes, more testing may be done at different times. Objectives: To find the DNA changes in cancer that may help guide treatment. To collect samples and data to be used in future studies. Eligibility: People any age with cancer or a pre-cancerous tumor Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history, physical exam, and blood tests. Participants will give a sample of their tumor. This is usually from a previous procedure. Participants will give a saliva or blood sample. They cannot eat, drink, smoke, or chew gum for 30 minutes before giving saliva. They will spit about 1 teaspoon of saliva into a tube. Some participants may have a punch biopsy instead. A small instrument will take a small piece of skin. Researchers will collect data from participants medical records. Participants will answer questions about their family health history. They will also answer questions about their views on the study, including possible unexpected results. Extra blood or tissue samples may be taken at other times during the participants' treatment. All samples will be saved in secure ClinOmics freezers to be used in future studies. Participants will be told by their doctors if any test results affect their health or their cancer treatment.

The study aims to comprehensively analyze data from a large and unselected older AML population in the US, both treated and untreated. These data will widen understanding of treatment decisions for the older Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) population. Through use of the SEER-Medicare Registry, the effectiveness and impact of HMA treatments as well as the effectiveness of lenalidomide will be studied.

This study will use droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method to quantify and track peripheral blood plasma mutant allele frequency (MAF) in MDS and AML patients before, during and after chemotherapy treatment. Quantification of MAF from fingersticks and saliva samples will also be performed to determine feasibility of obtaining adequate circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for ddPCR.

RATIONALE: Gathering information over time about patients' sense of being a burden on their caregiver, and caregivers' sense of burden on themselves, may help doctors learn more about the desire to die in patients with late-stage cancer. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying perceptions of burden in patients with late-stage cancer and their caregivers.

RATIONALE: Collecting and storing samples of blood from patients with cancer to test in the laboratory may help the study of cancer in the future. PURPOSE: This research study is collecting and storing blood samples from patients with cancer.

The primary goal of this study is to use qualitative interviews to elicit and confirm concepts related to treatment preferences and understandability of the pTPMQ, cTPMQ, and mTPMQ. The information gathered will be used to support the appropriateness of the questionnaires as a patient-reported, caregiver-reported and clinician-reported outcome measure (PROM) in the population of interest.

The purpose of this study is to see if exercise fitness testing is feasible and safe in persons over 21 years of age who have been diagnosed with a hematological malignancy and are scheduled to undergo a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT). Assessments in this study will look at the capacity of the body before transplantation to see if these measures can help predict how patients do after transplant.

This is a prospective, multicenter observational study to collect clinically annotated biospecimens in order to assess the correlation between ex vivo data generated by the Notable assay platform and clinical outcome.

Analyze the results of conditioning with once-daily dose intravenous busulfan and fludarabine in patients undergoing HLA identical sibling Allogeneic HSCT for myeloid malignancies.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is currently the only curative treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), especially for advanced MDS (blast >5%). However, many patients cannot find an HLA-matched donor. haploidentical donor is an alternative stem cell source. the study hypothesis: Haploidentical/mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can improve the survival of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome