Active clinical trials for "Hepatitis A"

With 2.5% prevalence in general population, Pakistan is an intermediate endemicity country for hepatitis B. However, wide disparity exists across the country as disease prevalence in general population soars as high as 14% in hyper endemic areas. This hyper endemicity increases the risk of acquiring infection via vertical and horizontal routes of disease transmission. National immunization schedule in Pakistan administers the first vaccine against hepatitis B at 6th week after infant birth. Owing to this 6 week interlude the existing immunization schedule may not provide adequate protection to a newborn against the disease. A monovalent hepatitis B vaccination shot, administered within 12 hours of birth, is the preferred strategy for disease control in hyper endemic areas. The National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups around the world are expected to use rigorous scientific evidence and make changes in the immunization schedule and vaccine dosage, responding to the evolving epidemiology of childhood diseases. Such research on local evidence for hepatitis B vaccine in Pakistan is not available and our research fills this gap by This research studied the hepatitis B vaccine response, in two cohorts of healthy infants. An open labeled, randomized controlled, non-inferiority, vaccine trial methodology was used. Margin of non non-inferiority (Δ) was set at 5%. The trial administered hepatitis B birth dose as an intervention and vaccination done under the national immunization schedule was taken as standard of care.

The main purpose of the study is to compare the acceptance and viability of three strategies aimed to screen hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a birth cohort by: a) invitation letter offering HCV screening with dried blood spot (DBS) testing at the primary care center, b) invitation letter offering both HCV and colorectal cancer (CCR) screening with faecal occult test (FOT) at the primary care center, and c) invitation letter offering self-collected screening at home for HCV and CCR.

This study will evaluate the persistence of immunity to hepatitis B 10 to 11 years after vaccination with Infanrix hexa™ or Engerix™-B and also the ability to mount an immune response to the challenge dose of Engerix™-B.

Prevention of perinatal transmission is essential to decrease the global burden of chronic HBV. Recombinant HBV vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) given after delivery to the newborns of HBsAg positive mothers is the standard of care for prevention of HBV in babies. Some studies have however, shown that vaccine alone may be equally effective. Hence, immunoprophylaxis with hepatitis B vaccine with or without HBIG is effective in prevention of transmission of overt HBV infection to the babies. The primary outcome measure of most of the trials on immunoprophylaxis was the occurrence of hepatitis B, defined as a blood specimen positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). However, whether this immunoprophylaxis also prevents HBsAg negative HBV infection (occult HBV infection) in babies is not known. In the present study the investigators evaluated the efficacy of the two regimens; vaccination alone and compared it with vaccination plus HBIG administration at birth in preventing transmission of both overt and occult HBV infection to the newborn babies.

This study compares the safety and immunogenicity profile of combined hepatitis A/B vaccine given alone or concomitantly with MenACWY-CRM to healthy adults.

In this study, subjects who received primary neonatal vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1, 2, 12 months, 20 years ago in the 103860/272 primary study will be evaluated for immunological memory to hepatitis B vaccine via assessment of the response to a vaccine challenge dose.

The goal of the proposed study is to use the HBV vaccine as a model for a future HIV vaccine trial, examining the efficacy of community-based outreach intervention as well as an accelerated vaccine schedule as a method for increasing acceptance/adherence with HBV vaccination protocols among not-in-treatment drug users. This study will also examine the effect of HBV vaccination coupled with community-based outreach intervention on reducing the incidence of HIV, HBV and HCV infections and the frequency of needle use and sexual risk behaviors related to these viral transmissions. A secondary purpose will be to assess the antibody response after HBV vaccination as a measurement of immunological response in drug users.

In this study Peg-Intron will be tested to see if it will give better results than Colchicine. At this time, there is currently no recommended maintenance treatment for patients who have failed to respond to Interferon/Rebetron/Peg Intron and have advanced fibrosis. The purpose of this study is to compare two treatments to slow down the progression of liver disease and to prevent liver failure and liver cancer. The treatment will not cure Hepatitis C, but is being evaluated to see if it can slow down disease progression.

Does vaccinating hemodialysis patients with Twinrix® (combination vaccine against hepatitis A and hepatitis B) result in a difference in hepatitis B antibody response in comparison to the monovalent hepatitis B vaccine? Hepatitis B infection is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Current standard vaccination practices have low efficacy levels in patients (eg. hemodialysis patients) who are most susceptible of infection. Efficacy of the two regiments will be studied.

This is a study to evaluate the immune response and safety of GSK Biologicals 2-dose inactivated hepatitis A vaccine when administered with a measles/mumps/rubella vaccine and a varicella (chickenpox) vaccine in children as young as 15 months of age. The Protocol Posting has been updated in order to comply with the FDA Amendment Act, Sep 2007.