Active clinical trials for "Hepatitis A"

Chronic hepatitis C may relapse in simple chronic hepatitis C patients who initially obtained sustained virologic responses. Although the HCV SVR could be maintained in around 90%, the remaining 10% of these patients may develop hepatitis C relapse during follow-up. Therefore, it is important to follow up the long-term of these patients with dual chronic hepatitis B and C. From another aspect, for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, the virologic and serologic responses may also not be durable. Alternatively, previous studies suggested that the therapeutic efficacy might not be seen in the study period, and incremental response might occur during long-term follow-up. Therefore it is also important to clarify the long-term outcome of treatment in this dually infected population. Evaluation of the long term effects of treatment with peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C/ hepatitis B co-Infection and chronic hepatitis C in the original study ML17862 is important. This present protocol is thus to assess whether the HCV SVR is sustained and to assess the durability of the HBV virologic and serologic responses or any incremental response during a 5-year follow-up period, including six months after end of the therapy in the original study and an additional 4 and half years in this project (5 years overall follow-up after the end of treatment). Specifically, we wish to assess the (1) sustained virologic response (SVR) of HCV in both populations, (2) incidence of HBsAg loss and HBsAg seroconversion (HBsAg loss and appearance of anti-HBs) in dually infected population, (3) ALT normalization or flare off-treatment during both populations, (4) reductions of HCV RNA from the original baseline levels in the two patient populations, and (5) reduction of serum HBV DNA off-treatment in the dually infected population.

This study will collect quantities of white blood cells from patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) for research on the interactions between HCV and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in people infected with both of these agents. Several studies have shown that infection with HIV adversely affects liver disease due to HCV. Patients 18 years of age and older who are infected with both HCV and HIV or with HCV alone may be eligible for this study. Candidates must not have liver failure and must not be undergoing treatment for HCV at the time of enrollment. Participants will undergo leukapheresis to collect white blood cells. This procedure allows collection of larger numbers of cells than would be possible with simple blood drawing. For the procedure, blood is removed through a needle in the vein of one arm and spun in a machine that separates the blood into its components. The white cells are extracted and the rest of the blood is re-infused through the same needle or through a needle in the other arm. The procedure takes approximately 1-3 hours, depending on the amount of white cells being collected. A maximum of three leukapheresis procedures are done. If additional procedures are required, the patient will sign a new consent form. Procedures will be limited to no more than three times a year, or once every 4 months.

This study will collect samples of blood, stool, bone marrow, or other tissues from patients with hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia to investigate a possible association between exposure to viruses and the development of aplastic anemia in these patients. Cells from the samples obtained may be grown in the laboratory for future studies. Patients samples may be used to: Study abnormalities that occur in hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia; Test for various viruses; Test immune function; Measure factors related to the patients disease or diseases they may be at risk for; Evaluate the effectiveness of current therapies, refine treatment approaches, and identify potential new therapies; Identify possible measures for disease prevention; Identify possible genetic factors associated with hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia. Patients 2 years of age and older with severe aplastic anemia that developed within 6 months of an episode of hepatitis may be eligible for this study. Participants will complete questionnaires and provide tissue samples as described below. Questionnaires All patients (or another respondent for the patient) will fill out a questionnaire including demographic information (age, gender, race, ethnic group, education level, state of residence), current symptoms, medications, medical history, and history of possible exposures to toxins or viruses. A second questionnaire, which includes questions related to mental health, sexual behavior, alcohol and drug use, is optional for participants age 21 and older. These questionnaires are designed to uncover features of hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia and possibly reveal a common cause of the disease. Sample Collections Blood- will be collected at the time of the patient s initial evaluation or upon enrollment into the study and possibly periodically during the study. Blood will be drawn through a needle in an arm vein. Bone marrow- may be collected as part of the patient s standard medical care or specifically for research purposes of this study. For this procedure, the skin over the hipbone and the outer surface of the bone itself are numbed with an injection of a local anesthesia. Then, a larger needle is inserted into the hipbone and marrow is drawn into a syringe. Marrow cells are suctioned two to six times during the 15-minute procedure. Stool- will be provided by the patient. Liver- tissue may be biopsied as part of the patient s general medical care or for NIH patients, as part of their enrollment in a treatment protocol.

Hepatitis B accounts for approximately 5000 deaths per year in the United States. Liver transplantation offers the only hope for patients who develop end-stage liver disease. Early results of liver transplantation for hepatitis B were poor with recurrence rate of 80% and 1-year survival of only 50%. Recent studies found that preventive therapy using hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) or antiviral medications such as lamivudine can reduce the recurrence rate to roughly 30% with accompanying improvement in survival. However, HBIG when given as intravenous infusion in high doses is very expensive, while long-term use of lamivudine is associated with drug resistance. Some studies found that preventive therapy using both HBIG and lamivudine may decrease recurrence rate to less than 10% but the dose and duration of HBIG needed when used in combination with lamivudine is not clear. Adefovir, a new antiviral medication, is effective against lamivudine resistant hepatitis B but its role in liver transplantation is uncertain because of the risk of kidney damage. Many studies showed that the risk of recurrent hepatitis B is related to the viral load before transplant. Thus, it may be possible to tailor the preventive therapy according to the risk. The aim of this study is to establish the most cost-effective preventive therapy for recurrent hepatitis B after liver transplantation.

To conduct epidemiological, laboratory, and survey research on volunteer blood donors within the United States to ensure the safety and availability of the United States' blood supply.

The purpose of this study is to determine the immune response to an additional (booster) dose of hepatitis B vaccine 5-14 years after a three dose series was given

Spontaneous, pharmacological observational, no-profit, retrospective, multi-center. This study was designed to get a "real-life" snapshot across several Italian Hepatology centers. All HDV patients are followed up according to EASL 2017 guidelines. This allows uniformity on the indication for antiviral treatment and management of that antiviral therapy. No off-label medications are used. All data are retrievable from the patient's medical record. In addition, clinical and biochemical data from patients at month 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 12 of treatment, and otherwise within the study period, will be collected retrospectively/longitudinally. The primary objective of the study is to describe the virological response to BLV in all patients starting BLV therapy, defined as a >2 Log decline in HDV-RNA or undetectable HDV-RNA (using the Robogene 2.0 quantitative kit, LLQ <6 IU/ml) at month 12 of therapy. All patients with active HDV chronic hepatopathy (quantifiable HDV-RNA) who initiated treatment with BLV 2 mg/day during the study period at the S.C. Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico) and at participating centers, and who met the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria.

This will be a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study designed to assess how a quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan will aid in a physicians' clinical decision making process in patients with suspected or confirmed Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH). Participants will be recruited from the specialist outpatient hepatology clinic at Kings College Hospital NHS (National Health Service) Trust who are either being seen as a new or follow-up patient. Participants will be treated and assessed in line with the normal clinical care pathway. Autoimmune hepatitis is relatively rare, with a prevalence of about 8,000 people in the United Kingdom (UK) diagnosed. It is a non-resolving liver condition that is usually treated with a combination of corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy. The current standard for effective management requires close monitoring of disease activity to balance disease control and unwanted side effects of treatment . The recommended management involves monthly blood tests and annual liver biopsies to verify histological remission . However, blood tests lack sensitivity and biopsy is very invasive and samples only a small portion of the liver . Indeed, liver biopsy remains the gold standard for evaluating liver pathology, however it is not appropriate for longitudinal monitoring due to pain, risk and invasiveness. Blood tests can identify when the liver is inflamed, but are insensitive to small changes and are not prognostic. There is a significant unmet need in this patient group relating to both disease monitoring and identifying those needing higher immunosuppression or transplant. Non-invasive, quantitative MRI can characterise liver tissue to aid in the diagnosis of liver disorders. Using quantitative MRI in the management of AIH patients could be an invaluable asset within the standard care pathway to ensure more appropriate and accurate dosing of steroids is used in AIH patients, thus preventing over/under treating.

The project will evaluate cost and treatment outcomes of a simplified Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) testing, treatment and care model integrated with HIV testing and treatment among key affected populations in Ukraine.

This is a retrospective study, all HIV-infected individuals followed up at the three designated HIV clinics in Hong Kong with and without HBV and/or HCV co-infection will be included in the analysis. The incidence and mortality of HCC among HIV-infected individuals with and without HBV/HCV co-infection in an Asian population will be determined.