Active clinical trials for "Hepatitis B"

Entecavir demonstrated superior virologic and biochemical benefits over lamivudine and adefovir. The investigators evaluated the effect of entecavir combined Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) with lamivudine or adefovir or both combined HBIG in Chinese liver transplantation patients with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) related diseases.

This observational, non-interventional cohort study will evaluate predictors of response in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving standard of care Pegasys therapy. Efficacy and safety parameters will also be evaluated. Patients included in the study will be followed for the duration of their treatment and for up to 3 years thereafter.

The purpose of this study is: To establish and compare the diagnostic utilities for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening tests of (a) HS-AFP, (b) AFP + US,(c) AFP alone and (d) US alone (within HBV carriers between age 40 and 70 years); To establish the cost-effectiveness of the screening tests; To compare tumor sizes, resection rates, and survival rates up to 18 months between those who were screened by HS-AFP those of a historical control group that was not screened.

This study will explore HBV kinetics in CHB patients during the first 24 weeks of treatment with telbivudine

Pre-licensure studies of GSK Biologicals' PEDIARIX vaccine have shown it to be generally safe and unlikely to result in vaccine-associated serious adverse events. This post-licensure study is designed to evaluate relatively uncommon/rare outcomes in a large population cohort.

Aim/Background: This study aims to investigate the necessity and efficacy of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine booster in children after liver transplantation. A universal mass vaccination program of HBV was launched for 20 years in Taiwan. The coverage rate is high and the effect is great. The carrier rate of the population under vaccine coverage decreased from 10-15% to < 1%. In Taiwan, most children who receive organ transplantation were vaccinated with HBV vaccine in infancy and well before the transplantation procedure. This vaccination background information on Taiwanese children is quite unique and not similar to the other countries in the world. The antibody generated by the vaccine usually wanes after a certain period even in normal subjects, let alone in subjects who receive organ transplantation and immunosuppressive agents after transplantation. At present, Taiwan is still an HBV hyperendemic area and the risk of exposure to HBV cannot be overlooked. Should children be given a booster dose of HBV vaccine after transplantation? And how about the immunogenicity of this booster dose in these immunocompromised hosts? If these children cannot obtain an adequate antibody titer, will the risk of HBV infection increase? This study is designed to answer these questions. As a pediatric hepatologist, the author's routine work is to take care of children who underwent liver transplantation. To take advantage of this, the investigators decided to study the efficacy and necessity of HBV booster vaccine in these patients. However, the results of this study should be able to be applied to any kind of solid organ transplanted patients. Method: The anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs) titer will be checked in patients who received liver transplantation > 1 year ago. If the titer is < 10 IU/L, a booster dose will be administered. The humoral (anti-HBs) and cellular immunity (by ELISPOT to assay T and B cell specific proliferation) and cytokine assay will be done in these patients before and after the booster dose. A three-year follow-up will be performed to monitor the HBV infection in these patients. Expected Results: The investigators expect for those who survive one year more after liver transplantation to yield a relatively good response to HBV booster under adequate immunosuppression.

Following guidelines issued by the Centers for Disease Control, the Clinical Center implemented a Universal Precautions policy in November 1987 in an attempt to reduce healthcare workers' risks for occupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens. All hospital personnel whose jobs entailed potential exposure to patients' blood and body substances were required to attend a training session and complete a written examination. Based on data from surveys conducted before and twelve months after training in Universal Precautions, the frequency of cutaneous exposure to blood decreased by 50% in temporal association with implementation of Universal Precautions. Staff at the Clinical Center are required to take a refresher course in Universal Precautions annually. The prevalence of bloodborne infections is high in Japan; however, Universal Precautions are not widely practiced in Japan. This study is designed: 1) to evaluate and compare nurses' knowledge of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, occupational risks, and appropriate prevention strategies for managing patients infected with bloodborne pathogens in the healthcare setting in seven university hospitals in Japan and at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health in the US; 2) to compare self-reported levels of compliance with existing infection control recommendations designed to limit risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens in all four institutions; 3) to compare self-reported frequencies of cutaneous exposures to blood at the four hospitals in the study; and 4) to evaluate the effect of educational intervention on nurses perceived compliance with recommendations and on the frequency of self-reported exposures to blood.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection constitutes a major public health threat worldwide. A total of 92 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B infection were recruited at Amiens University Hospital. The diagnostic workup included a physical examination.In conclusion, the study results confirmed that the HBV DNA level is associated with liver fibrosis status and that HBV viral load is strongly correlated with BCP and PC mutations, and it demonstrated that the impaired base pairing 1858-1896 mutations at the base of the bulge in the e encapsidation signal is independently associated with high serum HBV DNA levels.

This is an open-label, single arm study design to evaluate HEPLISAV-B® in adults with ESRD who are initiating or undergoing hemodialysis.

The principal objective of the study is to perform a first step of technical adjustment and preliminary validation of a diagnostic test for hepatitis B (HBsAntigen, anti-HBs Antibody and anti-HBc Antibody) on capillary blood with the device under study in non-immunized subjects against hepatitis B, in subjects with hepatitis B, in subjects with old or cured hepatitis B and in hepatitis B vaccine recipients, compared with the values obtained with the reference technique of medical biology laboratory on serum. The analysis will be performed on the entire cohort.