Active clinical trials for "Hepatitis B"

The purpose of this study is to determine if 2 doses of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) followed by 1 dose of Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPV) in HIV-infected children on anti-HIV therapy is helpful and safe in fighting pneumococcal infections in this group of children. This study will also look at the protection provided by childhood vaccination against measles, pertussis, and hepatitis B virus. Pneumococcal infections are the most common AIDS-related infection in HIV-infected children. PCV may help reduce the chances of HIV-infected children getting pneumococcal infections. This study will look at whether pneumococcal vaccines are safe and effective in HIV-infected children receiving HAART. It will look at whether HIV-infected children are protected by childhood vaccines received previously and if more doses are safe and improve protection.

The purpose of this pilot study is to demonstrate the feasibility of adding HBV screening and treatment of pregnant women to the existing HIV PMTCT platform in order to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus.

Background: Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver. When the immune system tries to clear hepatitis B, it damages the liver. Eventually, the immune system gets exhausted fighting the virus. Researchers want to see if giving large doses of an antibody (HBIg) with the drug peginterferon will boost the immune system in people with this disease. Objectives: To observe the effect of large doses of antibody against the hepatitis B surface antigen on the immune response to the virus. To see if removing hepatitis B surface antigen from the blood enhances the action of peginterferon. Eligibility: Adults ages 18 and older with hepatitis B Design: Participants will be screened twice with a medical history, physical exam, and blood and urine tests. Participants will be randomly put in one of two groups. All participants will get peginterferon for 24 weeks. One group will first get HBIg for 12 weeks. Participants in the combination group will have a 4-day clinic stay. They will have: Repeats of screening tests Eye exam Liver ultrasound The first dose of HBIg by IV over 2 hours These participants will get HBIg at the clinic up to 8 times over 12 weeks then start the peginterferon. All participants will get peginterferon for 24 weeks. They will get it by injection under the skin once a week. They may do this themselves. They will keep a drug diary. They will have 5 visits to assess response and monitoring for safety.. After stopping the study drug, participants will have 4 follow-up visits over 36 weeks. They will repeat screening tests and have 1 liver ultrasound.

Previous studies have shown that a small incentive can have a large impact on health behaviors like vaccinating children. New Incentives, an international non-governmental organization (NGO), aims to boost demand for immunization by offering cash incentives to caregivers who have their child vaccinated at a program clinic. In collaboration with New Incentives, IDinsight is conducting a study to see whether this approach will increase immunization in North West Nigeria. This study aims to investigate whether giving cash to caregivers in North West Nigeria who bring their infants to receive vaccination against common infections (tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, Haemophilus influenzae Type B (Hib), pneumococcal bacteria, measles, rotavirus, polio, yellow fever) increases the proportion of children who are immunized. The study's main hypothesis is that New Incentives' program will increase the percentage of children immunized with BCG, any PENTA, or Measles 1 by an average increase of at least 7-percentage points across all program clinics that share a similar profile to the clinics New Incentives will operate in at scale. The study is taking place in Jigawa, Katsina, and Zamfara States between August 2017 and January 2020.

Background: People with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) tend to get infections more easily. This is because their immune systems are weakened. Hepatitis B is a virus that can be transmitted when body fluids from an infected person enter the body of an uninfected person. This virus can be dangerous for people with leukemia and lymphoma. HEPLISAV-B is a new hepatitis B vaccine. Researchers want to see if it can protect people with CLL/SLL from getting hepatitis B. Objective: To learn how HEPLISAV-B works in people who have CLL or SLL. Eligibility: Adults 18 years and older with CLL (or SLL). They must be getting no treatment for their CLL, or getting ibrutinib or acalabrutinib for it. Design: This study lasts 6 months from the date of first vaccination. Participants may be screened with: Physical exam Blood tests Pregnancy test Visit 1 Participants will get blood drawn and the study vaccine. It will be given as an injection. If they get any symptoms within 7 days of the vaccine, they will write them in a diary. Visit 2 After 3 months, participants will come back to the NIH to get another blood draw and the second vaccine dose. Visit 3 Participants will return 3 months after the second vaccine dose was given. They will have blood drawn.

Health workers with biological risk in their tasks, who have been vaccinated as non-responders to conventional vaccination against Hepatitis B. To provide Health workers-staff with an additional protection tool against hepatitis B infection. To evaluate the efficacy of the adjuvanted vaccine in healthy nonresponders to conventional hepatitis B vaccine.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has infected over one third of the world's population; of these about 350 million go on to be chronic carriers. Infection with HBV can be self-limiting depending on age and immunity status of the infected person. Acute infection with HBV is cleared within six months of initial infection while chronic infection can last longer than six months. HBV can be transmitted perinatally, sexually, horizontally, through direct contact with infectious body fluids or blood, being pricked with an infected needle and injury from instruments contaminated with infectious body fluid or blood. Certain population groups are at higher risk of infection with HBV. Among these populations is that of health care workers (HCWs). In this population, HBV infection can occur through occupational exposure. In fact, the hepatitis B virus is more contagious than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during a needle stick injury (30% versus 0.5%). It is therefore imperative that HCWs are highly knowledgeable about HBV and how they can prevent transmission. Protection from HBV infection can be achieved by means of vaccination after which the HBV vaccine has been shown to be 90-100% effective.

This study was a comparative, randomized, double-blind clinical study of the efficacy and safety of Sci-B-Vac® (10 μg dose) and the Engerix-B® (20 μg dose) vaccines in two parallel groups of hepatitis B-naive healthy adult subjects in Russia.

Primary Objective: To demonstrate the non-inferiority of the SHAN6™ vaccine to the licensed SHAN5™ given with bOPV and IPV vaccines when coadministered with PCV and ORV Secondary Objective: To describe the immunogenicity profile of the SHAN6™ vaccine 3-dose primary infant vaccination and that of the control vaccines (SHAN5™ given with bOPV and IPV) To describe the immune response to co-administered ORV-1 (Rotarix™) in a subset of participants from each group To describe the immune response to co-administered PCV-13 (Prevnar 13®) in a subset of participants from each group To describe the persistence of the antibodies against SHAN6™ antigens following a 3-dose primary series of SHAN6™ or SHAN5™ given with bOPV and IPV To describe the immunogenicity profile of SHAN6™ 28 days after the single booster dose of SHAN6™ To describe the safety profile of the SHAN6™ vaccine and the control vaccines (SHAN5™ given with bOPV and IPV), when administered concomitantly with routine pediatric vaccines

Primary objectives: To assess the safety profile of each SP0202 formulation and Prevnar 13 in toddlers and infants (after each and any injection). To assess the immune response (serotype specific IgG concentration) of the SP0202 formulations and Prevnar 13 1 month after the administration of one dose in toddlers (Groups 1-4) To assess the immune response (serotype specific IgG concentration) of the SP0202 formulations and Prevnar 13 1 month after the administration of 3 doses in infants (Groups 5-8) To assess the immune response (serotype specific IgG concentration) of the SP0202 formulations and Prevnar 13 1 month after administration of a 4-dose schedule in infants (Groups 5-8) Secondary objectives: To assess the immune response (serotype specific OPA titer) of the SP0202 formulations and Prevnar 13 1 month after the administration of one dose in toddlers (Groups 1-4) To assess the immune response (serotype specific OPA titer) of the SP0202 formulations and Prevnar 13 1 month after the administration of 3 doses in a subset of infants (Groups 5-8) To assess the immune response (serotype specific OPA titer) of the SP0202 formulations and Prevnar 13 1 month after administration of a 4-dose schedule in a subset of infants (Groups 5-8) In toddlers: to describe the Ab responses against Pentacel antigens before and 1 month following injection of Pentacel In infants: to describe the Ab responses against antigens of the routine pediatric vaccines (Pentacel, RotaTeq, ENGERIX-B, M-M-RII, and VARIVAX) when administered concomitantly with either SP0202 or Prevnar 13 (at pre-Dose 1 (as applicable) for RotaTeq, Diphteria, Tetanus and Pertussis antigens; at PD3 for ENGERIX-B, RotaTeq, and Pentacel; at PD4 for M-M-RII and VARIVAX])