Active clinical trials for "Hepatitis B"

Vaccines have prevented countless infections but poor vaccine responses remain a major challenge in many scenarios. Hepatitis B vaccine nonresponses are common but immunologically not well-understood. This study aims to study the immunology of hepatitis B vaccine responses by comparing traditional HBV vaccine, which is associated with nonresponses in some patients, to CpG-adjuvanted HBV vaccine, which is associated with far fewer rates of nonresponses. This research will build upon prior studies of the human immune response to infection to gain a deeper understanding of the complexity of these responses. This information will be broadly useful as many vaccine candidates fail due to lack of immunogenicity, potentially enabling improved vaccine design and better protection.

Investigators want to compare the seroconversion rates between two-dose and three-dose regimens of the hepatitis B vaccine (Heplisav B) among patients with cirrhosis, a randomized prospective study.

This prospective cohort study aims to provide the evidence-based clinical guide to help decide the revaccination doses of hepatitis B vaccine that the high-risk young adults without hepatitis B seroprotective antibodies (anti-HBs titer<10 mIU/mL) need to take.

The purpose of study is identifying the effectiveness of 'continuing medical education' (CME) to primary healthcare worker to improve knowledge about viral hepatitis B-C

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects 292 million people worldwide; 887,000 die each year from cirrhosis, liver cancer, and related issues. Treatment options are limited. Objective: To test 2 drugs (VIR-2218 and peginterferon) in people with mild or inactive HBV infection. Eligibility: People aged 18 to 65 years with mild or inactive HBV infection. Design: Participants will be screened. They will have blood tests and an eye exam. They will have imaging scans of the liver to check the health of the liver. Participants will be in the study for over 2 years. VIR-2218 is an injection given under the skin of the stomach, upper arm, or thigh. Participants will come to the clinic to receive this injection once a month for 6 months. Peginterferon is also injected under the skin. Participants will have this shot once a week for 6 months. They may either inject themselves at home or come to the clinic to get the injections. Participants will get just the VIR-2218 for 3 months, then both shots for 3 months, then just the peginterferon for 3 months. Participants will have two 3-day stays in the hospital. Tests will include: Liver biopsy. A sample of tissue will be taken from their liver. After the procedure, participants will lie on their right side for 2 hours and then on their back for 4 hours. Fine needle aspiration. A small needle will be used to collect cells from the liver. After the last injection of peginterferon, follow-up visits will continue in the outpatient clinic every 4 to 12 weeks.

The purpose of the research is to determine if the Hepatitis B vaccine after birth provides enough protection after cooling for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE). To do this, Hepatitis B titers (blood sample) would be taken before, during, and after administering of the Hepatitis B vaccine series to measure efficacy of the vaccine.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of multiple doses of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell injection in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis, and to further explore the efficacy, pharmacodynamic profile and appropriate dose of administration to provide a basis for the use of safer and more effective treatments for patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis in the future. Participants are required to sign an informed consent form and, after undergoing a series of tests and meeting the protocol's entry and exclusion criteria, are assigned to a dose group for intravenous infusion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.

Chronic hepatitis B seriously endangers the health of our people, especially the occurrence of HCC, which brings huge economic burden and life threat to our people. 84% - 92% of HCC in China is related to chronic HBV infection. How to further reduce the risk of liver cancer is an urgent problem to be solved in clinical research and an important direction. Although NAs treatment can make patients achieve the negative transformation of virus, it can not effectively reduce the level of virus antigen, and it also lacks the ability to improve the immune clearance of virus. As a result, the incidence of liver cancer in patients with long-term NA treatment is still 4.5% - 10.5%, and the incidence of HCC in patients with hypoviremia in Na treatment is higher. In current clinical practice, nearly 1 / 3 of patients treated with NAs can not reach the detection line of highly sensitive reagent. It is an important measure to make the patients with hypoviremia and inactive low virus replication treated by NAs below the detection line of highly sensitive reagent and further reduce the risk of HCC. However, it is still not enough to minimize the risk of HCC to achieve a complete viral response only through NA treatment. The long-term follow-up showed that the incidence of HBsAg disappeared by only 2.0% - 0.0% regardless of the long-term treatment of HBsAg. Therefore, the most important measure to minimize the occurrence of HCC is to optimize the treatment of NA treated patients with low virus replication and inactive patients with low virus replication to achieve complete virus response and clinical cure. The purpose of this study is to explore the optimal treatment scheme for chronic hepatitis B NA treated patients with hypoviremia and natural low virus replication patients to significantly reduce the risk of HCC.

Refractory hepatitis B is to point to although standard application nucleoside (acid) analogue treatment undertakes primary treatment and two strengthen treatment, but existence is persistent viremia. Currently, there is no consensus on salvage therapy for patients who remain virus-positive after a second round of antiviral therapy. This is the first multicenter, prospective, parallel controlled, open-label cohort study to compare the efficacy and safety of TDF/TAF combined with ETV1.0mg regimen versus continuation of the original regimen in the treatment of refractory hepatitis B.

In the current literature, infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is described as one of the main risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to the current study situation, the Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is considered as an important marker, since low levels and sero-clearance of HBsAg are both correlated with a lower risk of HCC development / recurrence.Currently there is no treatment option available that efficiently targets HBsAg. Besides neutralizing infectious HBV virions, Hepatitis B immunoglobulins (HBIG) can directly bind and neutralize extracellular HBsAg/SVPs, and even intracellular HBsAg targeting is reported. In addition, HBIGs can initiate effector-cell attack (via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, ADCC) towards infected hepatocytes. The potential benefit of HBIGs in the HCC context is further underlined by recent evidence for the ability of HBIGs to reduce the viability, proliferation, and self-renewal of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) - isolated from HBV-HCC patients - accompanied by downregulation of stemness markers, e.g., OCT-4.According to the current study situation, the use of HBIGs significantly reduces the risk of HBV reinfection after transplantation and improves the results of liver transplantation in patients with chronic HBV infection. The potential benefit of treating HBV-HCC patients on the LTx (liver transplantation) waiting list with hepatitis B immunoglobulin is the possible stop or inhibition of tumor progression while waiting for an LTx. So far there is no clinical evidence of this. Mechanistically, hepatitis B immunoglobulin could occur through neutralization of circulating HBsAg, which is an important driver of an immunosuppressive environment in HBV patients, and possibly through direct effects against HBV HCC tumor cells (through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, ADCC). Therefore, the idea behind preoperative HBIG administration before liver transplantation is to reduce the rate of patients in whom a transplantation would no longer have been possible due to tumor progression. Thus, due to tumor progression in HBV-positive HCC-patients there is a monthly drop-out from the waiting list of about 4%. The basic idea behind the treatment of HBV-HCC patients before tumor resection with hepatitis B immunoglobulin is to potentially stop or positively influence tumor progression through the effects mentioned above, in the time between diagnosis and resection. Zhou et al. (2015) have shown a connection between HBsAg levels and HCC relapses after resection, although the exact role of HBsAg is still unclear. In no case will the treatment postpone the time of tumor resection, as only patients are considered who, for clinical reasons, can expect a certain time until resection. The present proof of concept study aims to quantify HBsAg reduction due to preoperative administration of HBIGs in HBV-positive HCC-patients and serve as a template for future multicentre clinical trials.