Active clinical trials for "Hepatitis"

The purpose of this study is to compare the use of HepeX-B versus HBIg, two anti-viral drugs, in patients who have received liver transplants due to liver failure caused by Hepatitis B infection. Patients will be evaluated over a 6 month to 1.5 year period to evaluate whether or not the drugs prevent the Hepatitis B virus from infecting the new liver.

The investigators will first use our previously collected serum samples and surgical/biopsied tissues from HBV-related HCC patients undergoing radiotherapy. The consistency of junctional clones by Capture NGS needs to be tested between both pre- and post-RT serums, and serial changes in copy numbers of vh-DNA by ddPCR are quantified in the representative cases. The same junction clones from pre-post-RT serums and surgical tissues will be confirmed and the copy number changes of vh-DNA be correlated with RT response and disease-control status. The investigators plan to identify HBV integrations by Capture NGS and quantify the specific vh-DNA by ddPCR as personalized biomarkers from the same-patient serum samples. The investigators will further correlate clinical response and recurrence/metastasis with serial changes of vh-DNA copy numbers. The investigators have been prospectively collecting plasma samples from HBV-related HCC patients before/after RT, at 1, 4, 7 months, and at recurrence/metastasis. The investigators plan to confirm the viable role of pre-/post-RT changes of plasma vh-DNA copies of the same junction clone in post-RT response and prognosis. Moreover, The investigators will explore the recurrent/metastatic tumors arising from the original or a de novo one by identifying their clonality with HBV integration patterns. The true value of this novel HBV chimera vh-DNA will be revealed. The results will also support the consolidative use of personalized vh-DNA for earlier evaluating treatment response after RT, for post-RT disease monitoring, and for differentiating clonality at recurrence to design future clinical trial on combinational treatment.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive inflammatory liver disorder of unknown etiology. If left untreated, it progresses to liver cirrhosis and liver failure. Diagnosis of AIH relies on the exclusion of other causes of liver disease and the presence of positive clinical, biochemical, and histological criteria. AIH has a very wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from being asymptomatic to an acute severe fulminant disease. It may be associated with other autoimmune disorders such as thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes, vitiligo, inflammatory bowel disease, or juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Biochemical features of AIH include elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in addition to autoantibodies. Liver biopsy is recommended in any patient with suspected autoimmune hepatitis where interface hepatitis is the hallmark of the disease. Immunosuppression is the mainstay of therapy in AIH. Prednisone is administered as the initial therapy either alone or in combination with azathioprine. Liver transplantation is indicated in patients who develop fulminant hepatic failure that is unresponsive to corticosteroids and in patients who develop end-stage liver disease.

Adenoviruses have been linked to severe hepatitis in children. They are non-enveloped, icosahedral viruses of medium size (90-100 nm) (5). Adenoviruses usually infect the respiratory tract, eyes, urinary tract, intestines, and central nervous system (6). These diseases are

A project to understand the determinants of health behaviour among those with chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection, under the care of the viral hepatitis service at Kings College Hospital (KCH). This is to improve and implement pathways and patient information distribution to improve access to care in an ethnically diverse population living with HDV in the UK. Kings college hospital NHS Foundation Trust is uniquely placed and serves a large diverse population from areas such as pan pacific Asia, Eastern Europe and regions in Africa, where English is not their first language. This diversity is also seen in other London Hospitals but less so in other parts of the UK.

The goal of this monocentric prospective observational study is to evaluate the prevalence of unknown hepatitis C virus chronic infection in general population born before january 1st 1968 in Italy. The main questions it aims to answer are: what is the prevalence of hepatits C virus infection in general population born before January 1st, 1968? What rare the characteristics of these patients compared to the general population? What is the prevalence of patients tested HCV positive who are referred to the Hepatology Outpatient Clinic for further evaluation? What is the prevalence of patients with HCV infection detected during the study and treated with direct antiviral agents during follow up? Participants will be tested with a point of care screening test (Meridian, Bioscience) able to detect anti-HCV antibodies to detect the presence of antibodies against HCV.

Rationale: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus that requires presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) to complete virion assembly and secretion. HBV-HDV coinfection ("hepatitis delta") has been associated with severe liver injury that may result in rapid progression to cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation, as well as a higher risk of liver cancer when compared to patients with HBV mono-infection. Given the low incidence of hepatitis D, experience in caring for individuals with hepatitis delta is limited and management practices vary. Objective: Generate prospective follow-up data to increase our understanding of this rare disease. Study design: Prospective observational cohort study spanning 5 years, during which we will collect standard clinical data as well as blood samples and quality of life questionnaires. Study population: hepatitis delta patients aged ≥18 years Intervention (if applicable): not applicable Main study parameters/endpoints: Incidence of liver related events (liver cancer, (decompensation of) cirrhosis, liver transplantation) during follow-up and changes in markers of viral replication, inflammatory activity and liver stiffness over time. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: The risks associated with participation can be considered negligible and the burden can be considered minimal. The only additional action that the participants must perform are the filling out of two annual quality of life questionnaires, which are considered non-invasive, and collection of 10 ml blood during regular blood sample collections

In China, there is no recommendation for Hepatitis D virus (HDV) screening, but the fact is estimated that one-third of the world's population of individuals with chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection live in China while we do not know the prevalence of co-infection of HBV/HDV in China. So far, no nationwide study has been undertaken to evaluate the epidemiology of hepatitis D, on the other hand, reports of HDV infection rate in different regions of China are not consistent because of the different detection methods and detection objects. Here, we plan to test HDV-Ab/RNA for 5000 HBsAg reactive samples from 10 major tertiary hospital and to know the prevalence and disease burden of HDV in China.

This study is being done to find out if participants with insulin resistance and hepatitis C virus genotype 1 (HCV GT1) infections who failed dual therapy with peginterferon alfa (PegIFN) + ribavirin (RBV) will benefit from the addition of boceprevir to PegIFN + RBV (triple therapy).

Rapid tests are increasingly used in medical practice, notably to screen for HIV. Their use has been associated with a faster linkage to care and lower rates of loss to follow up. Rapid tests are also well accepted by patients and clinicians. No rapid test is currently approved in Canada for screening of hepatitis C. Hepatitis C diagnosis is done through based on blood testing and the screening algorithm may require up to 3 visits to clarify the hepatitis C status. The Oraquick HCV test is a rapid test done on blood or saliva that can replace the first step of the regular screening algorithm. With this test the initial screening and the confirmation test can be done in one visit. The primary endpoint of this pilot-project is to evaluate clinical characteristics of Oracquick HCV (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values) and to compare them to those of the standard screening algorithm in a population of active or ex-users of injected drugs. The project also intend to evaluate if the rapid test can reduce the rates of loss to follow up and increase the linkage to hepatitis C specialized care. This last endpoint will be evaluated through phone call follow up 6 months after the screening. One hundred and fifty patients will be included. Half will be tested with the standard algorithm and the Oraquick HCV test (group A) and half will be tested only with the standard algorithm. Results of group A will be used to determine the clinical characteristics of Oraquick HCV. Results of groups A and B will be used to evaluate rates of loss to follow up, costs avoided by the use of the rapid test and linkage to care of infected patients.