Active clinical trials for "Hepatitis"

To evaluate the efficacy of a new screening for infectious diseases: tuberculosis, HIV, HBV and HCV, based on risk factors questionnaires (TB screen for tuberculosis and TROD screen for HIV and hepatitis) amongst a population of legal migrants during their mandatory medical check-up. This study aims for a global improvement of screening and care for migrants.

Pegylated-interferon (Peg-IFN) α-2a, entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) are current recommended first-line antiviral therapies for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Compared with Peg-IFN therapy, nucleot(s)ide analogue (NUC) therapy has the advantages of having a potent antiviral effect, and good tolerance without side effect. The long-term safety and efficacy of ETV and TDF therapy had also been identified. However, poor durability of the effectiveness after stopping NUC therapy are encountered in the majority of patients. Previous study identified a high HBV relapse rate of over 50% in HBeAg- positive CHB patients treated with lamivudine. A recent study investigating the post-treatment durability of ETV showed that higher to 45.3% of the HBeAg-negative CHB patients happened a clinical relapse within 1-year after stopping ETV therapy. TDF is another recommended first line NUC with high potency and high genetic barrier. Although the efficacy of long-term TDF therapy had been identified, there is lack of data regarding the off-therapy response in CHB patients with TDF therapy currently. Only a small scale of patients treated with TDF were included in a recent study investigating off-therapy relapse in non-cirrhotic HBeAg-negative CHB patients after greater than 4 years of NUC therapy. In addition, the factors associated with off-therapy response are also still uncertain. The investigators plan to enrolled 400 CHB patients who had received oral antiviral therapy ETV or TDF and achieved the Asia Pacific association of the study of liver (APASL) criteria of stopping NUC therapy. The aims of the study are to investigate the rate of HBV relapse including virological and clinical relapse in all and between patients with ETV and TDF therapy, and to identify the predictive factors of relapse.

To evaluate the efficacy, adverse effect, short - and long-term outcomes of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (non-cirrhotic or compensatory cirrhosis)in China through a real-world study

The main purpose of the CoDISEN cohort study is to propose a model of prevention and care for HIV and viral hepatitis adapted to the needs of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Dakar, Senegal.

It remains unknown whether antiviral therapy is beneficial for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with normal or mild ALT.The investigators aim to evaluate the antiviral indications combining liver biopsy and clinical parameters,and further clarify the response indexes of clinical results such as virological, serological, biochemical and histological responses from a retrospective observational cohort study on antiviral therapy in HBeAg positive and negative patients with different ALT levels,especially when ALT lower 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN).

The overarching purpose of this study is to further understand the reasons for and clinical implications of persistent HBV infection in patients co-infected with HIV and HBV in the era of highly effective antiviral treatment against both viruses.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a serious liver disease worldwide，HBV MTCT is the important reason to keep high prevalence of chronic HBV infection in China. Intrapartum infection is the main period of neonatal HBV infection. Injecting HBIG and hepatitis b vaccine immediately after birth is the most important method of blocking mother-to-child transmission of HBV. However, regular doses of HBIG combined with hepatitis b vaccine blocking measures still have a failure rate as high as 5% ~ 15%.There are numerous studies to explore pregnancy women with HBV positive, especially high viral load of those women during pregnancy being treated with nucleoside analogs to increase the blocking rate of HBV MTCT, but there is still a failure rate of 2.2% to 18%. In this study, we will explore the efficiency of personalized blocking method of HBV maternal-neonatal transmission in high-risk newborns,according to the venous blood HBsAg state of neonatus at birth.

China has the world's largest burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and will be a major contributor towards the global elimination of hepatitis B disease by 2030. One of the main issues in the management of patients with chronic HBV infection (CHB) is to maximize the individuals who need the treatment engaged and retained in care. However, our investigation revealed that 21.1% patients were treatment eligible but not treated based on Chinese 2019 CHB treatment guidelines, while only 213 (13.9%) patients were indicated-but-not-treated according to AASLD 2018 Hepatitis B guidance in a real-life cohort study. To maximize the individuals who need the treatment engaged and retained in care, integrated intervention strategies to address these treatment barriers are urgently needed. Therefore, we aim to propose a study to narrow the gap between in accordance with guidelines and consent to treat CHB population in EAST of China.

The primary goal of hepatitis C virus (HCV) Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) is to achieve undetectable HCV RNA in the blood. A response that should be maintained for at least 12 weeks from completion of therapy. This is called sustained virological response (SVR) which corresponds to cure of HCV infection as risk of later relapse is very small. SVR is important to achieve improvement in liver necroinflammation and fibrosis and to decrease complications of cirrhosis. Failing to achieve SVR after treatment requires another regimen for these experienced patients. Real-world data are always needed to evaluate and improve our practices. Here investigators aim to assess tolerability and efficacy of different regimens used for management of genotype 4 HCV relapse.

Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with intestinal bacterial dysbiosis, yet little is known about the role of intestinal fungi, or mycobiota in liver disease. Although the intestinal microbiome contains bacteria, fungi, and viruses, research in the field of liver disease has almost exclusively focused on the interaction between the host and gut bacteria. The fungal microbiota is an integral part of the gastrointestinal micro-ecosystem with up to 106 microorganisms per gram of faeces. Numerous interactions between fungi and bacteria and the complex immune response to gastrointestinal commensal or pathogenic fungi have been demonstrated in prior studies. Alcohol-dependent patients display a reduced intestinal fungal diversity and Candida overgrowth. Compared with healthy individuals and patients with non-alcohol-related cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis patients also demonstrate systemic exposure and immune response to mycobiota. Thus, chronic alcohol consumption is associated with an altered mycobiota and translocation of fungal products. Manipulating the intestinal mycobiome might be an effective strategy for attenuating alcohol-related liver disease especially alcoholic hepatitis. In this study, we will attempt to find out the natural fungal mycobiome in Severe alcoholic hepatitis when compared with apparently healthy asymptomatic controls from their family. This will allow us to therapeutically modify the unbalanced gut microbiota and improve patient outcomes. Secondly, it will provide further insight as to why alcohol-associated hepatitis patients are particularly susceptible to fungal infections. In the age of frequent antibacterial drug therapy, the role of commensal and pathogenic fungi in the human gut has gained paramount importance.