Active clinical trials for "Digestive System Diseases"

Clinical management of very low birth weight newborns (VLBW <1250g) consists in several challenges to adapt immature physiological systems to extrauterine life. Advances in neonatal medicine for pulmonary and/or neurological and/or cardiovascular diseases have significantly improved outcomes of these children. However, the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract remains a major cause of morbidity due to the immaturity of GI functions (prolonged ileus, bacterial overgrowth and translocation), the complication of GI tract immaturity: intestinal perforation and enterocolitis necrotizing) the need of a prolonged parenteral nutrition and its complications (central venous catheter infections, sepsis, electrolyte disturbances) but without generate a high proof level on this targeted population (<1250g). The GI functions are progressively acquired during development and are largely sensitive to the environment, especially the intestinal luminal content. Indeed, probiotics and prebiotics have shown beneficial effects upon GI functions of newborns. One of the metabolite of the gut flora potentially involved is the butyrate. Butyrate is a short chain fatty acid produced in the colon by the microbiota (carbo-hydrates degradation). The colonic amount of butyrate increases gradually after birth. The beneficial effects of butyrate are related to its properties upon the epithelial barrier (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, barrier repair) and upon the enteric nervous system (network of neurons and glial cells) that regulate GI functions and in particular colonic motility. To date, there is no clinical consensus to manage digestive disorders of VLBW. Several clinical studies have assessed the effects of prokinetic drugs, dietary supplements (probiotics, prebiotics) but without generate a high proof level on this targeted population. In this context, a recent study of our Research Unit (INSERM-CIC Mère-Enfant 004) has shown benefit effects of oral probiotics supplementation in children with birth weight greater than 1000g but not in extreme preterms with birth weight less than 1000g. The main hypothesis to explain theses results lies in the intensive use of antibiotic and feeding interruption frequency in this targeted population which induce disturbances in the composition of the gut lumen (in particular the flora). Colonic enemas assessed in various observational studies concerning VLBW seem to demonstrate a clinical efficiency upon the colonic transit, underlying by mechanical and osmotic mechanisms. Here, the investigators propose to evaluate the clinical efficiency of butyrate enemas by a prospective randomized clinical trial blinded design. The purpose of NEOTRANS study is to demonstrate that butyrate enemas may improve the nutritional management of extreme preterm less than 1250 grams, by facilitating the development of colic motility and clinical nutrition tolerance.

Background: - Some research studies focus on digestive disorders, such as nutritional, gastrointestinal, and liver disorders. Researchers want to examine and treat people with digestive disorders in order to learn more about these disorders. They also want to study how digestive disorders run in some families. To do so, they will provide standard care to people with digestive disorders. They will also look at relatives of people with digestive disorders, such as parents, children, and siblings. Objectives: To examine and treat people with digestive disorders. To evaluate people with digestive disorders for research studies. Eligibility: Individuals of any age who have digestive disorders. Individuals at least 2 years of age who are first-degree relatives of the people with digestive disorders. Design: Participants will have at least one outpatient visit to the National Institutes of Health. The visit will last about 2 hours. All participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. They will also provide different samples for study. Samples may include blood, urine, and stool samples. Saliva and hair samples may also be taken. Skin biopsies and rectal swabs may be collected from adult participants. Participants with digestive disorders may be able to receive treatment through this study.

The study has two arms, where the same natural language processing (NLP) and probabilistic graphical modeling technology will be utilized on patients' report of symptoms in both arms. The clinical arm is focused on patients presenting for consultation with a gastroenterologist. The endoscopy arm is focused generally on patients presenting for a diagnostic endoscopy, with the goal of capturing Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder (FGID) patients prior to diagnosis.

This study will be a retrospective, registry study collecting data of patients who were diagnosed with benign or malignant gastrointestinal diseases. Data will be collected from patient's chart retrospectively once the patients have completed proper treatment follow up with physicians' practice.

This is a generic sample collection study for collecting blood, stool, rectal swabs, nasal washes, nasopharyngeal aspirates, nasopharyngeal swabs, throat swabs, nasal swabs, and urine from human sources. Subjects will be recruited from BioFire Diagnostics employees and from the general community. Subjects may be asked about recent or ongoing illness at the time of specimen collection and these symptoms will be recorded and attached to the sample. No other identifying information will be collected and the samples will be kept anonymous.The samples may be used internally or by external sites, such as the clinical study sites, for evaluating and determining performance characteristics of in vitro diagnostic devices.

The goal of this study is to establish a prospective observational cohort of individuals with functional GI disorders (functional constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic nausea, functional diarrhea, and functional dyspepsia, as well as a subset of these individuals starting neuromodulation for their functional GI disorder) and collect clinical information and specimens. This information will be used in order to establish a patient registry with detailed clinical data and a specimen repository for future research as well as to specifically identify environmental, genetic, physiological, and psycho-social factors associated with functional GI disorders.

Postpartum depression and poor quality of life during postpartum were an vital issue in recent years. Infant's health condition was thought to be a possible reasons related mother's postpartum quality of life, and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as infantile colic and regurgitation were common problem during infant period. Previous study revealed that probiotics may improve the infant's discomfort caused by functional gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether probiotics use in neonate and infant improve their mother's life quality?

Study purpose: to explore the entire spectrum of proteomic and genomic changes (amongst others) involved in diseases and in healthy/control populations. The Study is designed to discover biomarkers, develop and validate diagnostic assays, instruments and therapeutics as well as other medical research. Specifically, researchers may analyze proteins, RNA, DNA copy number changes, including large and small (1,000-100,000 kb) scale rearrangements, transcription profiles, epigenetic modifications, sequence variation, and sequence in both diseased tissue and case-matched germline DNA from Subjects.

This study aims to investigate how knowledge of gluten immunogenic peptide (GIP) levels in stool and urine affects subsequent adherence to a gluten-free diet. Half of the participants will receive results in real-time using a home device and the other half will store samples to be tested at the end of the 30 week study. Participants will also have a diet review with a dietitian at the beginning of the end of their study and be asked questions about their symptoms, gluten-free diet adherence and quality of life.

There is a high prevalence of FGID among infants : 30 % for regurgitations, 20 % for colitis , 15 % for functional constipation.This represents a frequent motive for pediatrics consultation : 23 to 28 % of medical consultations in this population are consequent to gastrointestinal symptoms among infants aged under 4 months old. This can lead to numerous inappropriate or unrecommended medication prescriptions. Currently, fecal calprotectin threshold are only validated by science societies for children aged 5 years old and more. This study aims to quantify the difference of fecal calprotectin between a population of infants for whom no FGID has been finally detected, and a population of infants for whom FGID have been detected during the gastro-pediatrics consultation, , in order to later determine wether it is possible to validate a threshold in a population of infants aged under 4 months old.