Active clinical trials for "Liver Neoplasms"

Hepatocellular carcinoma is multifactorial in etiology and complex in pathogenesis, the blend of risk factors differs in different parts of the world, and this may explain in part the diverse biologic characteristics of HCC in different populations . Exposure to aflatoxin is an additional risk factor for the development of HCC, through damage of DNA in liver cells and mutation in p53 tumor suppressor gene . A previous study showed that aflatoxin B1 has a considerable role in the development of HCC among Egyptians . Clinical studies have shown that AFB1 selectively targets at the third base position of codon 249 of the human p53 gene, a known mutational hotspot in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) . A significant association between aflatoxin exposure and HCC has been reported in hyperendemic areas . A synergistic interaction between AFB1 exposure and viral hepatitis B (HBV) infection on HCC risk has been reported in several epidemiologic studies. Aflatoxin exposure may be associated with advanced liver disease in chronic hepatitis C (HCV) patients. Levels of AFB1-albumin/albumin were significantly related to ultrasono-graphic hepatic parenchyma scores in anti-HCV-positive subjects .

This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of administering sorafenib concurrent with yttrium-90 radioembolization to patients with advanced hepatocellular cancer.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether patients treated with Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) in conjunction with chemotherapy have a better overall survival rate than patients treated with chemotherapy alone.

RATIONALE: Imaging procedures, such as carbon-11 acetate positron emission tomography (PET) and fludeoxyglucose F 18 PET, may improve the ability to detect hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer) and allow doctors to plan the most effective treatment. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well carbon-11 acetate PET and fludeoxyglucose F 18 PET work in detecting cancer in patients with liver cancer.

The successful localization of the y90 microspheres by PET/MR and/or PET/CT scans would be a useful tool in individualizing patient care after the radioembolization procedure. The information from a PET/MR or PET/CT scan would allow for early evaluation of the technical success of the procedure.

The primary question of interest is quantifying the relationship between Y-90 liver therapy and liver damage. Little is known on this subject. Present assumptions and calculations of Y-90 administration are based on surgical lobar hepatectomies and external radiation beam therapies. The investigators hope that by using a functional model of the liver, the investigators can improve this important knowledge gap. The investigators will be enrolling patients planning to receive Y-90 therapy for the treatment of liver malignancies. The diagnosis of a primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is usually made by a combination of specific imaging findings and clinical criteria; only rarely is a confirmatory biopsy performed. This is due to the high accuracy of the present diagnostic model and the significant risk of biopsy and tumor seeding. Y-90 therapy involves administering radioactive particles to liver tumors by placing a catheter in a hepatic artery supplying the tumor using angiographic techniques and injection of these particles. Y-90 Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET/CT) imaging has been established as a method to validate and quantitate distribution of Yttrium after Y-90 administration. The post Y-90 therapy PET/CT images provide an imaging distribution of the Y-90, which is essential for validation of administered versus planned dose to the liver lesion and background liver. If the investigators can compare the Y-90 distribution to estimate background liver radiation distribution and dose (generated by the Y-90 PET/CT scan) combined with the global and regional function map (generated by the hepatobiliary [HIDA] scan performed before and after therapy), then the investigators will be assuming that the difference pre and post therapy in global and regional function can be ascribed to the Y-90 administration. The investigators will also analyze the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and CT sets performed before and after therapy and correlate the imaging results collected with clinical findings such as ascites/encephalopathy and routine serological markers (bilirubin, albumin, International normalized ratio [INR], etc.). With this information, the investigators will have the potential to establish whether there is a relationship between Y-90 distribution to non-tumoral (normal) hepatic parenchyma and the incidence and severity of Radioembolization-Induced Liver Disease (REILD). This would have the potential to improve selection criteria and outcomes in populations selected for Y-90 therapy in the future.

The study enrolls patients with non-resectable or borderline resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intraheaptic choalngiocarcinoma (IHCC) or colorectal cancer metastasis. Patients are not a candidates for liver transplantation and have only limited extrahepatic disease. All patients are treated with radioembolization. Primary endpoint is the percentage of patients that can be downstaged to resectability. Secondary endpoints are radiologic response to radioembolization,tissue response to radiomembolization and systemic immune response and intra-tumoral T-cell response to radioembolization. Trial with radiotherapy

The aim of the study is to obtain information on FLT used in a PET-scan as a marker for the proliferation of colorectal liver metastases, so that the risk of recurrence can be identified in a noninvasive way, concerning patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases. The hypothesis of this study is that a higher uptake of FLT in the liver metastases has a good correlation with the proliferation rate of the metastases. This rate is related to the risk of recurrence.

This study is a retrospective, multicenter clinical study. The main objective is to analyze the risk factors affecting the recurrence of colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases who received radiofrequency/microwave ablation. Finally, we will construct a recurrence risk prediction model based on the risk factors and validated the model.

The purpose of the study is to find out if a study agent called Lumason® microbubbles may be helpful for people with lesions in the liver. It is possible it may help determine an early response to radioembolization and/or help demonstrate radiation toxicity to the surrounding liver.