Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

To determine the safety of immunization with HIV-1 C4-V3 polyvalent peptide vaccine in HIV-infected persons. To determine the proportion of study participants immunized who develop new specificities or increased levels of neutralizing and other antibody responses, T-cell proliferative responses, and Class I restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte ( CTL ) responses. HIV-1 C4-V3 polyvalent peptide vaccine contains amino acid sequences for selected epitopes from four of the most common HIV isolates in the United States and Europe, predicted to represent about 50-90 percent of the HIV isolates in the United States. It includes epitopes that generate potentially salutary immune responses and deletes epitopes that generate immune responses which might contribute to further immunopathogenesis.

To evaluate, in HIV-negative volunteers, the safety and immunogenicity of ALVAC-HIV MN120TMGNP (vCP300) followed by or combined with boosting using rgp120/HIV-1SF2. To compare ALVAC-HIV vCP300 with ALVAC-RG rabies glycoprotein (vCP65) as a control. To evaluate an accelerated immunization schedule at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months versus 0, 1, 6, and 9 months. The combination of a live recombinant primer followed by a subunit boost has the potential to induce not only cytotoxic T lymphocytes but also neutralizing antibody.

To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of live recombinant canarypox ALVAC-HIV vCP205 in combination with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) at 80 microg and 250 microg. [AS PER AMENDMENT 4/30/99: To study the safety of following 4 ALVAC immunizations with a nucleic acid gag/pol HIV-1 immunogen (APL-400-047, Wyeth-Lederle). To assess the ability of this sequence of immunization to boost the LTL, T-helper cell, and antibody response.] ALVAC-HIV candidate vaccines have induced HIV-specific CTL responses in more than half of recipients in some protocols. Depending on the HIV-1 gene products expressed by the particular ALVAC-HIV candidate vaccine, volunteers have generated anti-Envelope (vCP125, vCP205, and vCP300), anti-Gag (vCP205 and vCP300), and anti-Nef (vCP300) CTL activity. Although 3 to 4 immunizations with the different ALVAC-HIV experimental vaccines induce anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies in a portion, often the majority, of volunteers, the geometric mean titers of these antibodies are modest, usually less than 50. This study will determine whether there is an increase in the anti-HIV antibody titers when GM-CSF is used as an adjuvant with ALVAC-HIV vCP205 and will also examine the kinetics and magnitude of the HIV-specific CTL response.

Evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity (immunological reactivity) of HIVAC-1e vaccine. An additional goal is to determine which dose level of vaccine might be most effective. Specific questions to be addressed in this part of the study include: Are there adverse reactions to gp160 vaccine when given to vaccinees previously immunized with a vaccinia-recombinant? Does gp160 vaccination of prior HIVAC-1e vaccine result in stimulation of neutralizing antibody and other humoral immune responses? Does vaccination with gp160 enhance the development of cell-mediated immune responses in HIVAC-1e vaccinees? Is the magnitude of immune response to gp160 booster immunization greater following priming with GP160 recombinant vaccinia (HIVAC-1e) vaccination than priming with three doses of purified recombinant gp160? AMENDED: An 80 mcg dose of gp160 has been chosen for the booster because this dose has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in previous trials and allows comparison of the late boost in this protocol with the late boost in the protocol in which patients were primed with three doses of gp160. Original design: HIVAC-1e vaccine is a preparation of the envelope protein of HIV (the virus that causes AIDS). The protein is produced by genetic modification in vaccinia virus. The purpose of a vaccine is to produce an artificially increased immunity to a particular disease, in this case, AIDS. Since there is no known cure for AIDS, the control of this disease necessitates the development of effective prevention such as vaccines.

To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of high-titered ALVAC-HIV MN120TMG (vCP205) given sequentially or simultaneously with rgp120/HIV-1SF2 in MF59 adjuvant emulsion in HIV-negative volunteers. ALVAC-HIV vCP205 is a second-generation candidate vaccine that can be used to induce a humoral and cellular response against several antigens. vCP205 expresses proteins from two strains of HIV (MN and LAI). rgp120/HIV-1SF2 expresses proteins from a different strain of HIV. This study will help to show how the immune system responds to proteins from more than one strain of virus.

To evaluate the safety of HIV-1 gp120 C4-V3 hybrid polyvalent peptide immunogen (C4-V3 peptides) formulated in mineral oil containing mannose mono-oleate (IFA) in HIV-1 uninfected volunteers. To evaluate the humoral and cellular immune responses to the C4-V3 peptides as measured by the induction of 1 or more of the following: neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 MN and RF, cross-neutralizing antibodies to primary isolates of HIV-1, HIV-1 antigen-specific lymphoproliferation, CD8+ and CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity specific for HIV-1 gp120 or V3 peptides corresponding to the vaccine strains of HIV-1, induction of HLA-B7 and HLA-A2 restricted CD8+CTLs, and induction of HIV-specific DTH responses. The test immunogen (C4-V3 peptides) is constructed from 4 sequences of the HIV-1 V3 gp120 loop shared by approximately 80% of North American HIV-1 strains. Because of the critical role that this region plays in generating anti-HIV sequences, it is hypothesized that the test immunogen (C4-V3 peptides) will be capable of inducing a broad range of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies in the majority of recipients.

The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe and acceptable for homosexual male couples, where both partners have the same HIV status, to use Advantage 24 during anal intercourse. Advantage 24 is a spermicide (a chemical that kills sperm). Much research and development is being done with chemicals that can be controlled by the receptive partner to prevent the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Advantage 24 currently is used in the vagina as a form of birth control. The safety of Advantage 24 is particularly important for HIV-positive men because they have a greater chance of serious reaction to Advantage 24 due to other HIV-related conditions.

The purpose of this study is to determine if a combination anti-HIV drug treatment regimen of indinavir plus lamivudine (3TC) plus zidovudine (ZDV) is effective in treating HIV and in reducing the chances of passing HIV from mother to child. This study will also examine if this combination is well tolerated by HIV-positive pregnant women and if a combination of 3TC plus ZDV is safe for newborns. Previous studies in adults and children have shown that indinavir plus 3TC plus ZDV can reduce the amount of HIV in the blood. Most HIV-positive pregnant women usually take ZDV to treat HIV and to reduce the chances of giving HIV to their babies. The combination of drugs in this study may be more effective than ZDV alone.

The Ministry of Health and Child Care (MOHCC) in collaboration with Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) will conduct an observational cohort study to determine the impact and cost-effectiveness of POC VL testing for pregnant women. It is hypothesized that POC VL testing will enable an increased proportion of pregnant women to be virally suppressed at delivery, which will avert vertical transmission.

DREAM-03 is an early phase-1, open label study to compare the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and acceptability of 3 sequences of tenofovir (TFV) and non-medicated douches. The overall goal is to inform the design of an extended safety study of an on-demand and behaviorally congruent TFV douche to confer protection from HIV acquisition in an outpatient pre-RAI context.