Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

The presence of a pool of cells latently infected by HIV-1 in patients taking HAART and with a viral load below 50 copies/mL is the main limitation to eradication of the virus from the body. This viral reservoir prevents antiretroviral therapy from being interrupted; therefore, patients are obliged to continue with treatment for a period calculated to be greater than 60 years. Despite the important advances in knowledge of the biology of this reservoir, we still have no real knowledge about its dynamics. The opportunity to carry out a clinical trial for the first time with an integrase inhibitor is exceptional, since the results could provide important information on the nature of this reservoir. If maintenance of the reservoir is a dynamic process, inclusion of an integrase inhibitor is expected to lead to a reduction in the size of this reservoir. This effect could be critical when including IAT (viral reactivation), since, in theory, it would be necessary to act on a smaller reservoir. Current consensus is that it would be necessary to act on almost 100% of the viral reservoir (approximately 1,000,000 cells). The study has also been designed to enable us to understand the biochemical and molecular mechanisms by which certain drugs can induce viral reactivation in vitro as a previous step to a clinical trial aimed at reactivating viral latency and eradicating HIV-1 from the body.

This trial is designed to assess the swallowability of uncoated and film-coated 200 mg etravirine tablets in HIV-1 infected patients. In addition, comparisons between a single 200 mg tablet versus two 100 mg formulations will be made. The outcome of the trial will aid in making decisions about the future commercial 200 mg formulation.

The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of couples Voluntary Counseling and Testing for HIV (CVCT) compared to individual VCT (IVCT) in preventing MTCT, and in increasing preventive behaviors and minimizing spousal abuse among HIV positive women. We hypothesize that offering CVCT will not decrease uptake of VCT among women. This research will be carried out in 3 antenatal clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

The provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in rural, resource-limited settings entails substantial challenges due to limitations in the health service infrastructure and in human resources for HIV/AIDS care. In addition, long geographical distances between providers, care facilities, and patients can represent a significant barrier to appropriate and timely care. The use of peer health workers as frontline adherence supporters and clinical monitors in order to improve care in underserviced settings has been implemented by a number of programs, but the effect of peer support on HIV care outcomes has not been extensively evaluated. Mobile phones have also been proposed as a potential method of improving access to health care in resource-limited environments by expediting communication and data transfer, but rigorous studies on their effectiveness in Africa have not yet been conducted. The Rakai Health Science Project (RHSP) was founded in 1987 to study the HIV epidemic in the rural setting of Rakai District in southwest Uganda. Since June 2004, the US President's Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has enabled the RHSP to provide ART through a community-based distribution system which includes clinical monitoring via a decentralized, mobile clinic approach. By late 2006, the program has screened 4,397 HIV-infected individuals and initiated ART in 849 patients. One of the challenges of providing ART in this setting has been the distance between many patients' homes and the clinic and medical staff trained in HIV care. This distance and the lack of communication channels make frequent clinic contacts difficult and has raised concerns about adherence and management of drug toxicity. This study will investigate whether peer health workers can help support this AIDS care program and improve patient outcomes. This study is a three armed, community-randomized operations research trial to assess the effectiveness of peer health workers, with and without mobile phones, in improving the delivery of HIV care in the resource-limited Rakai setting. The three arms will be: a) communities with peer health workers, b) communities with peer health workers and mobile phones, and c) control communities without peer health workers. Study hypotheses include: Peer health workers, by supporting adherence and by managing simple clinical issues, will reduce virologic treatment failure and improve ARV adherence compared to patients in communities without peer educators. Mobile phone technology used by peer health workers, by more rapidly addressing adherence and clinical problems, will reduce treatment failure and improve adherence compared to patients in communities with peer health workers without mobile phones.

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of tipranavir combined with ritonavir, medications for the treatment of HIV-infection, on buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP) in people who have been receiving the same dose of buprenorphine/naloxone for at least 3 weeks before study entry.

The purpose of this study is to find out whether malaria affects how HIV/AIDS disease progresses in an infected patient, and to determine the effect of reducing malaria infection on HIV disease progression in Kumasi

The purpose of this clinical research study is to assess the pharmacokinetics of atazanavir administered twice-daily relative to historical data from atazanavir/ritonavir 300/100 mg, given once daily.

The purpose of this clinical research study is to assess the effect of Famotidine given twice daily on Atazanavir administered with Ritonavir in HIV-Infected subjects.

The purpose of this clinical research study is to assess the effect of Atazanavir 400 mg QD and Atazanavir/Ritonavir 300/100 mg QD at steady state on the single dose pharmacokinetics of RGZ in healthy subjects.

The purpose of this study is to confirm that apricitabine does not induce any clinically significant effect upon electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters at doses consistent with the maximum exposure expected to occur in clinical practice.