Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

This study looks at the ways indinavir drug levels, when boosted with ritonavir, may vary from patient to patient. The study population are HIV+ Thai individuals.

The advent of new antiretroviral agents, in particular Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), spectacularly reduced HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. However, new complications have appeared in HIV-infected patients treated by with HAART such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and related cardiovascular complications including acute coronary syndromes, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke have been reported. A linear association has been proved between increased intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (CCA-IMT), aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity [aPWV]) and incidence of cardiovascular events suggesting that IMT and aPWV could be considered as an early marker of atherosclerosis. The progression of IMT has been shown to be predictive of cardiovascular events. Case control and longitudinal studies but not all have suggested an increase CCA-IMT in HIV-infected patients under HAART compared with non-HIV infected patients with different progression. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of pravastatin on CCA-IMT and aortic stiffness in dyslipidemic HIV-infected patients receiving HAART by using a high-resolution echotracking system. Patients in the pravastatin group were consecutively recruited in four department of infectious diseases if they fulfilled the following criteria : (1) HIV-infected treated with HAART for > 12 months 2) with dyslipidemia, defined as fasting serum LDL cholesterol > 160 mg/dL before initiation of pravastatin, (3) treated with pravastatin > 12 months and one more coronary risk factor. The patients in the control group were selected consecutively in the same departments among 1) HIV-infected patients treated with HAART > 12 months 2) fasting serum LDL cholesterol > 160 mg/dL 3) without lipid-lowering drugs and one more coronary risk factor. Cases and control patients were matched for age, gender and tobacco consumption. Using data from Mercie et al., inclusion of 42 patients in pravastatin and control groups was the minimum sample size needed for detection of a 6.5% difference in CCA-IMT, in a two-sided test (a = 0.05, b = 0.20). The protocol of the study, sponsored by the French Society of Cardiology was approved by the Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects in Biomedical Research of Pitié-Salpétrière University hospital in Paris. Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from each patient.

Heterosexual contact is now the primary route of transmission for HIV worldwide. This study is a phase 3 trial designed to determine the effectiveness and safety of the 1.0% C31G (SAVVY) vaginal gel for the prevention of male-to-female transmission of HIV among women at high risk.

While most people with HIV experience significant destruction of their immune systems, some people appear to have preserved immune function and can control the virus without drugs. Early treatment with anti-HIV drugs may help preserve the immune system, allowing it to control the virus once the drugs are stopped. This study will evaluate the immune system response of HIV infected people who are treated with anti-HIV drugs soon after being infected.

To define the incidence and prevalence of AIDS-associated cardiomyopathy. Also, to conduct immunopathology and serologic studies in endomyocardial biopsies and autopsy tissues.

To develop natural history data regarding the incidence, clinical course, prognosis, and effects of treatment with anti-viral and immunosuppressive agents on HIV-associated heart disease. A second part of the study evaluated a number of possible mechanisms underlying the development of HIV heart disease.

To determine the effectiveness of efforts to eliminate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from whole blood and blood components in the blood supply.

To examine mechanisms of individual differences in the progression of HIV infection in hemophiliacs.

To assess, in donor-recipient clusters, current models of HIV-1 genetic evolution and pathogenesis, based on the sequence diversity displayed by this lentivirus.

Some patients taking anti-HIV drugs as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) do not show any HIV in the blood; however, some HIV will remain hidden in the body and, if the drugs are stopped, will return to the blood. The purpose of this study is to determine if short periods of stopping HAART increase the activity of CD8 and CD4 cells (cells of the immune system that fight infection), if repeated stopping of these drugs for longer periods of time and restarting them will increase effectiveness of HAART, and if the increased immune system activity as a result of stopping treatment leads to lower levels of HIV over time.