Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

This study will examine risk factors for facial wasting and avascular necrosis (AVN, a type of damage to the hip and other bones) in HIV-infected patients. The prevalence and natural history of AVN are also being evaluated. This study will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify and monitor these conditions in patients with and without diagnosed AVN and to identify risk factors. HIV-infected patients 18 years of age and older may be eligible for this study. HIV-infected children 4 years and older who can tolerate magnetic resonance imaging without sedation may also participate. Candidates may be screened for participation with a medical history, physical examination, blood and urine tests and possibly an electrocardiogram. Volunteers will provide a medical history and may have a brief physical examination. The study is currently closed to normal volunteers. HIV-infected patients will have a MRI scan of the hip bone, and possibly other bones. Before the scan, they will provide a medical history by interview or questionnaire and have a physical examination. Those with diagnosed AVN will also have blood drawn to help identify potential risk factors for AVN. For the MRI, the patient lies flat on a stretcher that is moved into a cylindrical machine with a strong magnetic field. Earplugs are worn to muffle thumping sounds produced by radio waves that form the images. Patients can speak with a staff member via an intercom system at all times during the procedure. Repeat MRI studies will be requested at approximately 3- to 12-month intervals for up to 5 years, to see if changes occur with time. If medically indicated, additional diagnostic studies may be done to obtain information needed for appropriate medical care. Blood will be drawn periodically to examine immune parameters and viral blood levels. Patients with AVN may have periodic consultations with the rehabilitation medicine service and orthopedic surgeons. ...

The purpose of this study is to look at the amount of HIV in the blood, genital fluid, and saliva of the partners of patients with early HIV infection. This study will also look at the strength of the immune systems of patients with early HIV infection. Because HIV multiplies very quickly in the early stages of infection, patients with early HIV infection may be more likely to transmit HIV to their partners. The amount of HIV in blood, genital fluid, and saliva may determine the risk for transmission.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term consequences of HIV-1 infections that occurred in association with known, but discouraged, high-risk behaviors in persons who have received HIV candidate vaccines or placebo in HIVNET 014. Doctors need to look at how these patients respond to HIV infection in order to develop new HIV vaccines and other treatments for HIV and AIDS. Patients who receive HIV vaccines are sometimes protected from HIV infection. More often, these patients become HIV-positive but experience a boost in their immune system that helps their bodies fight HIV. Doctors need to look at how these patients respond to HIV infection in order to develop new HIV vaccines and other treatments for HIV and AIDS.

This was a feasibility study aimed at elevating protease inhibitors (PI) dosage as a part of active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). After the pharmacokinetics for the currently prescribed PI were determined,patients with a vIQ<1 were eligible for a 50% dose increase for an 8 week time frame after which their vIQ would be reassessed to determine if increasing their PI dosage thereby increasing the bioavaiability would reduce their viral load.

This study will look at how well the OraQuick HIV 1/2 Antibody rapid test works and how women accept being tested for HIV late in pregnancy and during labor. For women with positive test results, the study will look at whether or not these women accept anti-HIV drugs and which drugs they receive.

During this phase of the study, a focus group will be conducted with young adolescents perinatally infected with HIV and with their caregivers to develop and evaluate the content of the proposed intervention. The purpose of the focus groups is to identify key issues and challenges that often face young adolescents perinatally infected with HIV and their caregivers as well as to elicit suggestions to enhance the feasibility and acceptability of the proposed intervention. The focus groups will be audio recorded and transcribed and reviewed by all involved in future protocol development. Themes will be pulled directly from the focus groups to guide examples and areas of emphasis in the intervention. In addition, proposed measures will be administered to the adolescents and their caregivers and assessed for appropriateness for this population.

The purpose of this study is to measure viral tropism over time in subjects with X4-tropic or non-phenotypeable virus while receiving standard of care therapy. This is an observational study. No investigational treatment will be administered through this study.

It has been shown that treatment of HIV-positive women with antiretroviral medication during pregnancy reduces the risk of HIV transmission to the child. However, such treatment could lead to the selection of resistant virus strains in the mother. The object of this study is to check HIV+ pregnant women for resistance mutations in HIV before and after the antiretroviral therapy they receive during pregnancy. HIV-positive newborns will also be tested, to see if a resistant virus strain was transmitted from mother to child.

The goal of this research study is to compare 2 different phone-based programs for quitting smoking for people with HIV/AIDS.

Background: - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection appears to cause problems with blood vessel function. These problems may add to some thinking and mood disorders found in people with HIV infection. Researchers want to evaluate HIV infected patients to see if blood vessel function contributes to thinking and mood disorders, such as early dementia and depression. To do so, they will compare study results between people with and people without HIV infection. Objectives: To compare the thickness of blood vessel walls between people with and without HIV infection. To study the relationship between blood vessel thickness and thinking and mood disorders. Eligibility: Individuals between 25 and 55 years of age who have HIV infection. Healthy individuals between 25 and 55 years of age. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood and urine samples will be collected. Participants will have imaging studies of the brain and major blood vessels in the head and neck. Participants will also have neuropsychological testing. These tests will look at memory, learning and thinking ability, attention, and mood. Participants will have the option of coming back for repeat blood tests every six months and repeat imaging studies and neuropsychological tests every year, over 1- 4 years period.