Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of two doses of nevirapine (NVP) given only to the infants or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) from 28 weeks gestation with single dose (SD) NVP given to the mothers plus two doses to the infants, in addition to zidovudine (ZDV) prophylaxis (from 28 weeks' gestation and for one week of ZDV in neonates) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.

A placebo controlled study of the impact on insulin sensitivity and lipid profile of maraviroc 300 mg twice daily in HIV negative male volunteers.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy (clinical, immunological, virological outcome), pharmacokinetics and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy maintenance in Thai children after viral load suppression with double boosted protease inhibitors (PIs).

GW433908 (fosamprenavir; FPV)is a pro-drug of amprenavir (APV) which is more water soluble and can be formulated into a tablet with a reduced pill burden (four 700mg tablets of FPV versus sixteen 150mg capsules daily for APV. This study is designed to provide additional information on long term safety and tolerability of FPV containing regimens for those subjects who received FPV in previous GlaxoSmithKline studies.

The purpose of this study is to characterise the pharmacokinetic profiles of non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs), and the influence of the individual characteristics on the pharmacokinetic parameters in the Spanish population of HIV-infected subjects.

HIV infection is diagnosed late in a substantial proportion of patients having an increased risk of clinical progression (AIDS, new AIDS-defining event or death). The currently recommended antiretroviral therapy has suboptimal activity in this setting and potent quadruple-drug therapy has not been sufficiently evaluated. Enfuvirtide may be an appropriate candidate as the fourth antiretroviral agent, regarding its activity, its parenteral administration avoiding gastrointestinal symptoms that often lead to interruption of treatment, the lack of pharmacokinetic interactions and the absence of systemic toxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate, in a comparative intensification trial, the immunological benefit of adding enfuvirtide for 6 months to a conventional antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected and severely immunosuppressed patients, naïve of any antiretroviral treatment. We postulate that addition of enfuvirtide to a first-line antiretroviral therapy consisting in emtricitabine/tenofovir combined with either efavirenz or lopinavir/r may improve immunological restoration, measured as the proportion of patients with more than 200 CD4 cells per mm3 after 24 weeks of antiretroviral therapy.

This a Phase I/II non-randomized, open-label clinical study of 8 weeks duration using SP01A in HIV positive patients on a stable antiretroviral regimen. Dose response and safety associated with oral administration of four doses (200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, and 800 mg daily) of SP01A will be studied in a total of 24 study subjects. In addition, six HIV-negative subjects will be recruited as a control for cortisol secretion only and will not receive study medication.

In the pre-partum phase the use of antiretroviral therapy for the mother during the last trimester of pregnancy is mandatory. The use of HAART during pregnancy, usually two nucleosides analogues and a protease inhibitor exposes the mother and the child to cumulate toxicities related to both families. The aim of this study is to assess the use of a boosted protease inhibitor without nucleoside analogue during the pre-partum phase for women with no indication of antiretroviral therapy for their own.

The investigators' in vitro data suggest that Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists like aprepitant will decrease the expression of CCR5, an essential co-receptor in the life cycle of HIV, in the surface of macrophages and lymphocytes to levels at least similar to those observed in patients heterozygous for the CCR5 32 mutation. Together with a direct potential antiviral effect this could alter disease progression in patients with HIV infection. The investigators' hypothesis is that aprepitant is safe, tolerable and has antiviral activity in HIV infected individuals. This is randomized, placebo controlled, double blind study to determine the safety and antiviral activity of aprepitant by comparing the change in HIV RNA viral load after 2 weeks of aprepitant monotherapy. 27 HIV infected males and females ≥ 18 years old who have early infection with CD4 cell counts ≥ 350 cells/mm3. Subjects will be randomized 1:1:1 to receive two different doses of aprepitant (Emend®) or placebo.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether an HIV vaccine given as three nasal immunisations with a protein from HIV virus mixed with a toxoid adjuvant, followed by two intramuscular immunisations with the same protein mixed with a liquid adjuvant, causes untoward adverse reactions when administered to healthy adult volunteers. An initial evaluation of immune responses to the vaccine will also be undertaken.