Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

Drug abuse and HIV/AIDS are serious global health problems. Injection drug use is currently the major mode of transmission of HIV in many countries. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of drug and risk reduction counseling combined with either substitution drug treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) or short-term detoxification with BUP/NX in preventing HIV transmission among injection drug users. Participants will be recruited for this study in China and Thailand.

The purpose of this study is to determine immune system function following vaccination in HIV-infected children currently taking anti-HIV drugs. To test the effectiveness of prior vaccination, patients in this study will receive booster shots of one of two pneumococcal vaccines, a hepatitis B vaccine, and a measles vaccine.

Compare the Pharmacokinetics of ritonavir and saquinavir(using either Saquinavir /Ritonavir 1500/100 mg or 1500/50 mg) Evaluate short term tolerability, safety and toxicity Evaluate if there is any relation between RTV concentration levels and boosting effect

This single arm study will assess the pharmacokinetics, safety and activity of saquinavir (Invirase hard gel capsules, film coated tablets or opened capsules) boosted by combination with ritonavir, in HIV-1 infected infants and children between the ages of 4 months and 6 years. Patients will commence treatment with saquinavir 50mg/kg bid plus ritonavir 2.5mg/kg or 3.0mg/kg (dependent on body weight), and a background antiretroviral regimen. If drug exposures are found to be dissimilar to those previously seen in older children and adults, or are associated with toxicities, subsequent dose adjustments will be made. The anticipated time on study treatment is 3-12 months, and the target sample size is <100 individuals.

CIT2 is a strategy for targeting HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) to the CNS (Central Nervous System) in patients with HIV associated neurocognitive impairment (HNCI). The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of CNS-targeted (CNS-T) as compared to non-CNS-targeted (non-CNS-T) HAART in treating HNCI globally and in different domains of functioning known to be affected by HIV. It is hypothesized that participants in the CNS-T arm will have greater improvement in neurocognitive functioning than those in the non-CNS-T arm. The secondary goal of the study is to compare participants assigned to CNS-T and non-CNS-T HAART on measures of CNS and systemic HIV suppression (undetectable CSF and plasma VL). It is also hypothesized that although CSF viral suppression will be more frequent in the CNS-T arm, plasma viral suppression will be similar in the two treatment arms.

To characterize the risks (safety and tolerability), effectiveness (continued viral load suppression and CD4 changes), and benefits (safety, tolerability, adherence, general satisfaction with the treatment regimen and QoL), of switching from a Combivir (BID) / efavirenz (QD) regimen to an all QD regimen of Truvada/efavirenz.

This 2 arm study will assess the efficacy and safety of a new regimen of Fuzeon + optimized background antiretroviral treatment, in Fuzeon-naive HIV-1 infected patients with virological failure. Eligible patients will be randomized to recei ve either new optimized treatment alone, or optimized treatment + Fuzeon 90mg s. c. twice daily, to determine the effect of 3 month induction with Fuzeon.It will be possible for a patient to receive several additional 3 month periods with F uzeon, in the case of new virological failure. The anticipated time on study tre atment is 3-12 months, and the target sample size is <100 individuals.

This study aims to investigate whether patients switching their backbone from Kivexa to Truvada, who already have raised total cholesterol prior to switching, have an improvement in their total cholesterol after 12 weeks of treatment. If an improvement is demonstrated the study aims to show whether this has a beneficial effect on the patient's overall cardiovascular risk and long term prognosis.

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has dramatically changed the consequences of an HIV infection, which is now viewed as a chronic disease. As in other chronic diseases, emotional distress and depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in HIV-infected patients. Psychological factors such as these have been associated with lower quality of life, lower adherence to therapy and also with a higher risk for mortality and disease progression. Psychosocial interventions, such as group-based cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) training, have been shown to reduce distress and psychological symptoms in HIV-infected patients. These psychosocial effects are paralleled by changes in physiological parameters, such as cortisol, DHEA-S, testosterones, catecholamines, and naïve T-cell counts. While these results are congruent with recent evidence of the interaction between psychological, neuroendocrine and immunological parameters in HIV-infected patients, it needs to be shown whether the reported effects hold true in the HAART era. Most importantly, it also needs to be ascertained whether these interventions have an impact on immunological and virological HIV parameters as well as on mortality and morbidity in HIV patients. We propose a randomized controlled one-year prospective evaluation of a group-based CBSM training in 80 HIV-infected patients. Participating patients will be recruited at cooperating centers of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study and randomly assigned to CBSM training or waiting control group condition. At baseline, post-training and two follow-up (6 and 12 months) assessments, effects of the CBSM on psychological, physiological and clinical out-come variables in HIV-infected patients under HAART will be evaluated. Additionally, the effects of CBSM on the neuroendocrine and autonomic stress reactivity in HIV-infected patients will be assessed, thus evaluating a possible direct pathway between emotional distress and physiological HIV-relevant parameters. In conclusion, the planned research project evaluates the effectiveness of a standardized psychosocial intervention as a possible component of a comprehensive disease management in HIV-infected patients under HAART.

The primary objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of switching to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) compared to continuing stavudine or zidovudine in maintaining virologic suppression in HIV-1 infected children.