Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

The objective of this non-randomized, controlled, trial is to evaluate the optimal time to approach newly incarcerated jail inmates for routine opt-out HIV testing in a manner that maximizes the number of individuals able to demonstrate capacity to consent and willingness to receive HIV testing.

An intervention designed to increase positive affect in a population newly diagnosed with HIV will be effective at improving affect and HIV-related outcomes such as mental and physical health, coping and coping resources.

This study will compare the immune response and side effects of an experimental HIV vaccine given by two different methods of administration by needle injection or by use of a needle-free device called the Biojector 2000 (Registered Trademark). The vaccine, called VRC-HIVADV014-00-VP, or rAd5, is made using an adenovirus that has been modified to contain DNA that codes for three HIV proteins. It cannot cause HIV or adenoviral infections. Healthy volunteers who are not infected with the HIV virus may be eligible for this study. Subjects are recruited for two study groups: Group 1 comprises volunteers who are 18 to 50 years old and have never received an HIV vaccine and Group 2 comprises volunteers who are 18 to 55 years old and participated in a prior study in which they received at least one injection of the study rAd5 vaccine. Subjects in both groups are randomly assigned to receive the vaccine by needle or Biojector 2000 (Registered Trademark) into a muscle in the upper arm. They call a study nurse 2 days after the injection, record their temperature and symptoms on a diary card at home for 5 days after the injection for later review, and visit the clinic two weeks after the injection for a checkup. The injection is given on the day of enrollment. Additional visits are scheduled at weeks 2, 4, 12 and 24, when subjects are checked for health changes or problems, their use of medications and how they are feeling. Blood samples are collected at all clinic visits. Subjects are tested for HIV at the beginning and end of the study, are asked about their sexual behavior and drug use, and are counseled about HIV risk reduction. Women are tested for pregnancy at the beginning and end of the study. Participants in Group 2 may undergo apheresis at the 4-week visit. This procedure is done to collect white blood cells for tests to examine the immune response to the vaccine. Blood is collected through a needle in the vein of one arm and directed through a machine that separates the cell components. The white cells are removed and the rest of the blood is returned through the same needle. Subjects are asked about any social effects they may have experienced from participating in the study. These effects are monitored to make sure participants receive any needed assistance and to learn ways to prevent these problems in the future.

This study will examine the long term safety of apricitabine in HIV-1 infected patients from studies AVX-301 or AVX-302. Eligible patients are those who have either (a)completed studies AVX-301 or AVX-302; or (b)met the criteria for virological failure/lack of response, and consequently wish to withdraw early from studies AVX-301 or AVX-302.

The purpose of this project is to determine the acceptability, feasibility, and the preliminary efficacy of an HIV prevention behavioral intervention (Proyecto SOL) to reduce behaviors associated with HIV acquisition among Hispanic men who have sex with men (HMSM). The primary goal of the intervention is to motivate and assist participants in forming and carrying out a "Safer Options for Life" plan, thereby reducing their risk of HIV acquisition or transmission.

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted disease. There are more than 100 different HPV types, and both males and females can get HPV infection. Most people do not have any symptoms when they become infected and are able to get rid of the infection on their own. However, they can still become re-infected with the same or a different HPV type, and in some people HPV infection persists. Persistent HPV infection is associated with the development of precancerous lesions and cancer. HPV types are classified as either high risk or low risk based on whether their persistence will lead to cancer. Patients who have suppressed immune systems are at a higher risk for HPV-related complications. They are more likely to contract multiple HPV types and have more persistent infection that can lead to precancerous lesions or cancer, which are then difficult to treat and often recur. A recently approved vaccine for HPV induces immunity to HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. It was shown to be highly effective in preventing infection with these HPV types, and is approved for use in females 9 to 26 years of age. However, much less is known about the vaccine s ability to induce immunity in males or individuals with suppressed immune systems. Objectives: - To investigate whether the HPV vaccine is safe to give and able to induce immunity in both female and male adolescents and young adults with HIV infection compared to healthy, HIV-negative persons of the same age. Eligibility: - Males and females, 12 to 26 years of age, divided into three groups: (1) Healthy and HIV-negative, (2) HIV-positive and on antiretroviral therapy, and (3) HIV-positive and not on antiretroviral therapy. Design: Before beginning vaccination, participants will have a complete physical examination and blood drawn for routine blood tests, special tests of the immune system, antibody tests, and an HIV test. HPV vaccine will be given by injection into the muscle at 0, 2, and 6 months, according to the standard vaccination schedule. Patients with HIV infection will be monitored for a week following the first injection to test the level of HIV in the blood 3 days and 5 days after the first injection. Participants will also be asked to fill out a 10- to 15-minute Web-based survey about awareness, health behaviors, and personal choices related to risk factors for HIV, HPV, and other sexually transmitted diseases. Participants are not required to fill out the survey to receive the vaccine. The total duration of the study is 4 years. During the first year of the study, participants will return for six additional 1-day visits at months 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 12. Participants will return for 1-day visits every 6 months for the remaining 3 years.

This three stage study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of MRKAd5 HIV-1 Gag Vaccine. In Stage I subjects will be randomized to receive the vaccine at 1x10^9 viral particles/dose (vp/d) or placebo. In Stage II subjects will be randomized to receive the vaccine at 1x10^10 vp/d or placebo. In Stage III subjects will be randomized to receive the vaccine at 1x10^9 vp/d, at 1x10^10 vp/d, or placebo. Immunogenicity of the single dose regimen of MRKAd5 HIV-1 Gag Vaccine will also be measured.

This project studies the effectiveness of a sexual risk reduction intervention among HIV+ Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) and who use methamphetamine.

The study is designed as a randomized, controlled trial with specific observational objectives. All HIV-seropositive pregnant subjects electing to breastfeed their child will be counselled to exclusively breastfeed through 4 months of age. All live-born children will be randomized (1:1) at birth to one of two counseling programs: A) to encourage abrupt weaning at 4 months of age, or B) to encourage exclusive breastfeeding through 6 months of age with the introduction of typical weaning foods ad lib.

This study will evaluate the effectiveness of peer-led HIV/sexually transmitted disease (STD)risk reduction educational counseling in reducing HIV risk behavior among the social networks of young men who have sex with men and Roma men and women in Bulgaria and Hungary.