Active clinical trials for "Hyperglycemia"

BACKGROUND/AIM: Secondary forms of diabetes are often understudied and underdiagnosed in children and adolescents with cancer. The objectives of this cohort study were to study the incidence and risk factors for hyperglycaemia in leukaemia and lymphoma patients. METHODS: The investigators retrospectively collected 15 years of data from paediatric patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) immediately at cancer diagnosis. They studied risk factors for hyperglycaemia in univariate and multivariate analyses.

Poor glycemic control is recognized as a risk factor for postoperative infection. For the neurosurgical patient, postoperative infection can lead to devastating complications such as meningitis, encephalitis and death. Neurosurgical patients often receive high doses of medications that increase blood glucose levels such as steroids, placing them at a potentially higher risk for postoperative infection. The purpose of this multisite observational study is to assess the impact of severe intraoperative hyperglycemia as a risk factor for postoperative infection in the neurosurgical patient.

Reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is a major target in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Skipping breakfast has been consistently associated with higher HbA1c and overall PPHG in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aim was to explore the effect of skipping vs eating breakfast on PPHG after subsequent isocaloric (700kcal) lunch and dinner

A standard hospital meal often contains a high percentage of carbohydrates (CHO), which may not be ideal for patients with diabetes. This concern is particularly pertinent to the breakfast meal, which often contains mainly CHO. Clinical observations suggested that such diets elevate pre-lunch blood glucose (BG) values. The study team compared standard hospital "no concentrated sweets (NCS)" breakfast meals with more balanced meals. The study team hypothesized that a balanced breakfast would improve pre-lunch BG values. This 8-week pilot study was conducted at Duke Hospital on two non-ICU cardiology wards. Ward A consisted mainly of patients with a primary diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Ward B consisted mainly of patients with a primary diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF). The intervention breakfast menu included 5 choices containing 40-45g of CHO. All patients on Ward A (with and without diabetes) were given the intervention breakfast for the first 4 weeks of the study, while those on Ward B received standard menus (60-75g CHO in NCS meals). After 4 weeks, the standard and intervention wards were switched. Data were collected only on patients with diabetes who were able to consume meals.

In patients suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), hyperglycemia is considered an adverse prognostic factor. Glycated hemoglobin (or HbA1c) can be measured to estimate the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time, thus determination of glycated hemoglobin at admission after aSAH serves as an approximation of blood glucose levels in the weeks preceding aneurysm rupture. In this patient registry admission HbA1c, clinical course and neurological outcome after 6 month are recorded, to determine whether elevated blood glucose levels prior to aneurysm rupture influence the clinical course and patient outcome after aSAH.

A 4 week prospective, randomized controlled study was carried out to assess the impact of a care delivery intervention which focused on blood glucose (BG) management among adults with type 2 diabetes presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with BG > 200mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L). The intervention was designed by a multi-disciplinary team of ED physicians and nurses, endocrinologists and diabetes educators. The intervention incorporated three components: a guideline-based algorithm for diabetes medication management; survival skills diabetes self-management education (DSME); and support for health system navigation. The control group received usual care per the ED's policies and procedures for management of high blood glucose.

Genetic factors contribute to risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as blood lipids, blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, and may also influence dietary choices, physical activity, and responses to stress. The most robust genetic variant associated with myocardial infarction (MI) is the 9p21 variant, which may raise the risk of MI by up to 40% in those who carry 2 copies of the gene. The investigators recently found that among those who carry the 9p21 variant, the risk of MI may be "turned off" if individuals eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables. The investigators seek to determine how a "prudent" or "anti-inflammatory" diet interacts with the 9p21 risk allele to alter the risk of MI.

This study aims to compare the post-meal blood glucose values of two drugs in a "real-world" setting.

Many hospitals have begun giving insulin to nearly all patients with diabetes while they are in the hospital even if a patient does not use insulin at home. Controlling blood sugar with insulin when a patient is hospitalized is believed to reduce the risk of complications and death, but research has not demonstrated these benefits except in patients who are critically ill. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to evaluate whether such insulin therapy actually does reduce in-hospital complications, deaths, need for intensive care, or length of stay in the hospital.

This study is focused on assessing potential health benefits of daily consumption of potatoes, specifically its resistant starch content (i.e. nondigestible carbohydrate), on blood vessel and gut health function in adults with metabolic syndrome. It is expected that the daily consumption of potatoes for two weeks, within a diet that follows the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, will improve blood vessel function in association with decreasing gut permeability ("leaky gut") that results in the absorption of bacterial toxins that reside in the intestine. Outcomes will therefore support dietary recommendations for potatoes to support vascular and gastrointestinal health.