Active clinical trials for "Hyperglycemia"

The study will be conducted in two phases; an in-patient meal study phase (Phase I) and an outpatient home study (Phase II). The two phase study design is chosen to enhance safety by testing the Afrezza Closed-Loop (CL) system in controlled in-clinic setting under study staff supervision before it could be investigated at the outpatient home setting. Phase II will not begin without the establishment of safety in Phase I.

Insulin preparation -random assignment to regular insulin lin or lispro insulin as first treatment- was administered at constant infusion rate (0.04 units/Kg/h) in patients presenting blood glucose concentration ≥180 mg/dl and was discontinued when blood glucose concentration ≤140 mg/dl (therapeutic blood glucose concentration drop). Further reduction in blood glucose concentration after discontinuation of insulin infusion was recorded (post-infusional blood glucose concentration drop). During the study period blood glucose concentration, in whole blood, was measured every 30 minutes. At least 6 hours interval was allowed between the 2 treatments.

Stress hyperglycemia is a common phenomenon in cardiac surgery that concerns diabetic and non diabetic patients. It has been shown that perioperative hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor of postoperative mortality and morbidity. The Leuven et al.'s study suggested that strict glycemic perioperative control using an intensive insulin therapy could reduce mortality and morbidity in surgical intensive care's patients. This study included a majority of cardiac surgery patients. Others studies have suggested that the beneficial effect of insulin-based tight perioperative glycemic control might be hampered by iatrogenic hypoglycemia. Moreover, insulin therapy failed to obtain perioperative glycemic stability in most patients. Exenatide (Byetta ®) is an incretin mimetic, characterized by an anti-hyperglycemic effect that depends on the blood glucose level. We hypothesize that continuous intravenous infusion of exenatide could improve perioperative glycemic control and stability and could reduce the risk of iatrogenic hypoglycemia compared to a conventional insulin therapy during the perioperative period of cardiac surgery.

The question of a possible hyperglycemic effect from single-dose dexamethasone is an important issue for clinicians managing patients in the intraoperative and postoperative periods. Recent evidence suggests that even moderate elevations in blood glucose levels may be associated with adverse events. The aim of this clinical investigation is to determine whether standard clinical doses of dexamethasone produce hyperglycemia in the perioperative period.

The metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. The age-adjusted prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the United States is 34% for men and 35% for women. Emerging alternative medicine worldwide led investigators to evaluate the efficacy of Crocus sativus (Saffron) and Berberis Vulgaris (barberry fruit) in treatment of metabolic syndrome. Serum total cholesterol, serum LDL cholesterol, serum HDL cholesterol, serum triglyceride, Fasting Blood Sugar and hematocrit measured before and after 45 days of treatment.

MAIN STUDY: Low glycaemic index (GI) diets are recommended by the Canadian Diabetes Association for treating type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), but the role of GI in the management of gestational diabetes(GDM)is not yet clear. The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a low GI diet on blood sugar control in women with GDM. The effect of a low GI diet on maternal oxidative stress, pregnancy and delivery outcomes and markers of risk for diabetes after birth in both the mother and baby will also be assessed. SUB-STUDY: The main purpose of the sub-study is to determine if the breast milk (BM) of women with GDM consuming a low GI diet will have a higher antioxidant capacity than the BM of women receiving a medium-high GI diet (control/standard care). The effect of a low glycaemic index diet on maternal dietary intake of specific nutrient-antioxidants (i.e. vitamin C, E, and beta-carotene) (prenatal and postpartum) and concentration of vitamin C, E, and beta-carotene in participants' transitional and mature BM will also be assessed. The ORAC (Oxygen radical absorbance capacity) assay will be used to assess overall antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant capacity of BM in women with GDM will also be compared with that of women without GDM. Hypotheses: MAIN: The use of low-GI foods in the management of GDM reduces postprandial BG and oxidative stress; thereby reducing maternal and infant perinatal complications. SUB-STUDY: Breast milk (BM) of women with GDM consuming a low GI diet will have higher BM antioxidant than women receiving the medium to high GI diet. BM of women with GDM will have lower antioxidant capacity than that of women without GDM.

Pregnancies complicated by diabetes and mild gestational hyperglycemia are associated with increased perinatal and maternal complications. The most serious maternal complication is the risk of developing type 2 diabetes after 10-12 years of the delivery. Perinatal complications include fetal macrosomia with consequent increased risk of obstetrical trauma and hypoxia/asphyxia, high rates of cesarean section, respiratory distress syndrome, and metabolic disorders at birth. Regardless of the diagnosis of diabetes and mild gestational hyperglycemia, the perinatal outcome is directly related to maternal metabolic control. For the tight control of blood glucose, pregnant women are treated as home care (outpatient) or hospital care. Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness and safety of home versus hospital care of gestational diabetes and mild gestational hyperglycemia.

The aim of the study is to determine whether the use of the CGAOtm software is associated with a decrease in 90-day mortality when compared with the use of standard care methods for glucose control with target blood glucose levels inferior to 180 mg/dl. The CGAOtm software is designed to assist physicians and nurses in achieving tight glucose control (defined by a target for blood glucose levels between 80 and 110 mg/dl) in critically ill patients.

High fasting glucose is a very common problem in type 2 diabetic patients. The cause is probably glucose production by the liver, known as the "dawn phenomenon". The investigators hypothesize that a late night meal can lower the fasting glucose level by early morning insulin secretion stimulated by the food. In this study the investigators intend to test the effect of different kinds of late night meals on fasting glucose in type 2 diabetic patients.

The Stroke Hyperglycemia Insulin Network Effort (SHINE) Trial is a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of 1400 patients that will include approximately 60 enrolling sites. The study hypotheses are that treatment of hyperglycemic acute ischemic stroke patients with targeted glucose concentration (80mg/dL - 130 mg/dL) will be safe and result in improved 3 month outcome after stroke.