Active clinical trials for "Hyperglycemia"

The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of intravenous (IV) administration of FDA approved regular human insulin and subcutaneous (SC) administration of humalog, a rapid-acting insulin analog (a synthetic insulin), for correction of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) during the immediate preoperative period in patients with diabetes having outpatient surgery at the Emory Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC). In this randomized controlled clinical trial patients with diabetes will be administered corrective doses of IV regular insulin or SC humalog for preoperative hyperglycemia to determine whether SC humalog results in improved intra and post-operative blood sugar control.The most common current practice at Emory University in the ambulatory surgical setting is IV administration of regular insulin for treatment of pre-operative hyperglycemia. Subjects will not be paid for their participation and will be assured of treatment for their hyperglycemia regardless of study participation.

This study aims to investigate the effect of moderate intensity stair-climbing bouts of various durations on postprandial blood glucose. Participants will perform a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using 75g of dextrose and with fingerstick blood glucose measurements at baseline and every 15 minutes after consuming the drink for one hour. On separate subsequent visits, participants will perform the same OGTT combined with three stair-climbing bouts lasting 1, 3, and 10 minutes starting 27, 25, and 18 minutes respectively after finishing the drink. Participants performed maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) using a ramp treadmill test in order to assess the relative intensity of each stairclimbing trial.

The proposed randomized controlled trial will test the effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on hemoglobin A1c among individuals with elevated hemoglobin A1c that are within the range of prediabetes or diabetes. Results may provide evidence about the role of carbohydrate restriction in individuals with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes.

The amylose-amylopectin ratio influences starch properties. A higher amylose content is associated with slower starch digestion thus reducing the postprandial plasma glucose response and improving the overall postprandial metabolism. So far, limited evidence is available on the metabolic effect of wheat-based foods rich in amylose. This randomised controlled study investigated the acute metabolic effects of amylose-rich wheat-based breads in overweight subjects focusing on potential mechanisms.

Exercise training is a cornerstone for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders and associated cardiometabolic complications such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and hypertension. Similar to the beneficial health effects after performing conventional continuous exercise modalities, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has been reported as an effective alternative exercise-modality to improve glucose homeostasis in both prediabetes subjects and individuals with T2D diagnosed. In this regard, although multiple HIIT-based interventions commonly report acute and long term benefits on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and insulin sensitivity in metabolically compromised subjects, little is known about the acute cardiovascular response (i.e., at heart rate level) during HIIT in subjects with different glucose control. HIIT is described as performing brief periods of exercise at vigorous or maximal intensity, interspersed with inactive or low intensity recovery phases of variable duration. In order to characterize different HIIT-based protocols, exercise intensity is usually defined as relative percentages of individual maximal cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) or relative maximal power output values. Nevertheless, the need for specific technological equipment to assess these parameters usually limit the prescription and recommendations of HIIT in clinical settings and other public health contexts at massive level. Additionally, the use of self-perceived exertion scales and heart rate (HR) variations upon HIIT have been demonstrating to be accessible and feasible strategies to regulate exercise intensity during HIIT. For example, it was reported that HR and self-perceived exertion scores increased progressively in T2D subjects, parallel to the oxygen consumption rate throughout an acute HIIT session performed on cycle ergometer. Consequently, it is conceivable to hypothesize that determining HR variations during HIIT might optimize the recommendation of this training methodology in metabolically compromised subjects as those at risk or with T2D diagnosed. Therefore, the aim of the present study was To describe and compare the acute heart rate changes in response to an incremental maximal exercise test and a single HIIT session between normoglycaemic (NG), prediabetes (Pre-T2D) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) subjects.

The purpose of this study is to compare sitagliptin with a placebo for the prevention of high glucose after general surgery.

Repeated, elevated levels of glucose (sugar) within the blood after eating can lead to type 2 diabetes. In adults, eating breakfast lowers blood glucose responses to subsequent meals when compared with skipping breakfast. Yet, adolescent girls may respond differently due to differences in how their bodies use energy. This is important because around 80% of the United Kingdom (UK) adolescent girls skip breakfast. As common reasons for skipping breakfast in adolescent girls are 'lack of time' and 'not hungry' in the morning, eating breakfast during the mid-morning may be an attractive option for them. This project will be the first to compare the impact of eating breakfast in the early morning and mid-morning with skipping breakfast on subsequent blood glucose levels in adolescent girls who usually skip breakfast. The findings will inform recommendations tailored to an 'at risk' and under-researched population for type 2 diabetes prevention, which is more effective than a cure.

The study examines the effect of black currant on glucose and insulin concentrations after a meal. In addition, the cytokine and free fatty acids levels are of interest.

This is a research study of the long term effects on blood sugar and cholesterol of blood pressure lowering medications. People are invited to participate in this research study if they participated in the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR 1, NCT00246519 or PEAR 2, NCT01203852) study and are still taking a thiazide diuretic. In PEAR, the effects on blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol of the high blood pressure drugs hydrochlorothiazide and atenolol over an 18 week period were evaluated. This PEAR follow-up study will determine the effects of thiazide diuretics on blood sugar and cholesterol, but in the period since the PEAR trial. The study hypothesis is that long term exposure to thiazide diuretics results in larger increases in blood sugar and cholesterol levels than short term exposure.

The purpose of this study is to determine if providing free-of-charge access to a group-based lifestyle intervention delivered in partnership with the community is cost-effective for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.