Active clinical trials for "Hyperglycemia"

Increasing evidence from clinical studies in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) settings indicates that insulin infusion can improve outcome measures for patients with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) independent of a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. This improvement in health could also apply to patients that have high blood sugars in various other non-critical care areas of the hospital as well. However, the data that shows improvement in health outcomes has been collected from wards that have a lower patient to provider and patient to nurse ratio, resulting in the ability for a much tighter control of the insulin infusion. We hypothesize that tight blood glucose control will provide the same benefits for patients in non-intensive care units settings but that these protocols may lead to a higher incidence of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and potentially to adverse outcomes in patients. This study aims to determine the clinical outcome of patients treated with insulin infusion as well as the rate of hypoglycemic episodes in non-intensive areas. We will conduct a chart review of patients treated with insulin infusions in non-critical wards at Emory University Hospital during the period of 7/1/04 to 6/30/05. Medical records of all patients treated with intravenous insulin infusion protocols will be analyzed. Data on demographics, laboratory values, mortality rate, rate of hypoglycemic events, length of stay, as well as disposition at discharge will be analyzed.

Randomised crossover trial to compare early vs late walking on postprandial glycaemic response at night time.

The process of surgery is a controlled trauma to the body. Trauma induces changes in metabolic function that have evolved to help the body survive injury. The normal balance among use of sugar, fat, and protein for energy production is thought to change during trauma and surgery. This altered metabolic function may contribute to adverse outcomes from surgical procedures especially in the setting of patients with obesity or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However, very little is known about the specific changes in metabolism that occur during surgical procedures. The main objective of this project is to describe the metabolic changes that occur during a typical surgical procedure in detail. In order to measure the alterations in the balanced use of sugar, fat, and protein during surgery we will collect blood samples from patients before, during, and after spinal surgical procedures. Subjects will be enrolled in the pre-operative hold area, give informed consent, and have a dedicated peripheral IV catheter placed. We will recruit patients who are normal weight without diabetes, obese without diabetes, and obese with diabetes. The first specific aim is to characterize the metabolic changes in sugar, fat, and protein balance during surgery in metabolically normal subjects. The second specific aim to examine if there are differences in these changes in subjects who are obese or have diabetes. The final specific aim is to measure the changes in metabolism at high resolution using a method called metabolomics, which is analogous to genome profiling. This method measures hundreds of compounds produced in different amounts as metabolic balance changes. The major impacts that may be derived from these data range from a more thorough understanding of metabolism under trauma to identification of new markers for risk stratification and intervention to improve clinical outcomes. These data will help build the foundation for new approaches to understanding the physiological and metabolic responses to stress and trauma.

Whereas diabetes mellitus is clearly a risk factor for the occurrence of stroke and for its poor prognosis, hyperglycemia per se is also linked to increased morbidity and mortality in stroke patients.Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the glycemic status of acute ischemic stroke patients and to assess its impact on stroke outcome.

Patients with Takotsubo cardiomiopathy (TTC) have over-inflammation and over-sympathetic tone. However, these conditions could cause higher rate of heart failure (HF) events and deaths at 2 years of follow-up. Conversely, hyperglycemia vs. normoglycemia could result in over expression of inflammatory markers and catecholamines thta could result in higher rate of HF and deaths at 2 years of follow-up in TTC patients.

Background: Hyperglycemia is encountered in 20% to 40% of acute stroke patients, with or without a pre-morbid diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for infarct expansion and poor outcome through the first 72 hours of onset in both diabetics and non-diabetics patients. This study was done to evaluate the glycemic status after acute ischemic stroke and assess its rule in influencing stroke outcome as regards the duration of hospital stay, motor deficit and mortality. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Elzaiton specialized hospital from June 2016 to June 2017on 80 patients after approval of local medical ethical committee. Patients with acute ischemic stroke without other major comorbidities within 24 hours of onset of symptoms were included and divided into two groups, controlled group (Random blood suger not more than 150 mg/dl) and uncontrolled group ( Random blood suger more than 150 mg/dl). All patients were evaluated for GCS as a primary outcome and for hemorrhagic transformation, hospital stay duration, mechanical ventilation, need for vasopressors,hospital stay and mortality as secondary outcomes.

Hyperglycemia is present in 50 percent of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients with hyperglycemia have higher in hospital, 30 and 90 day mortality and morbidity. Sixty percent of these patients have some form of diabetic syndrome, known or unknown. Remaining 40% of patients are not diabetic. Contrary to logic patients with non diabetic hyperglycemia (NDH) have statistically higher morbidity and mortality compared to the diabetic hyperglycemia (DH) cohort. So far multiple treatment trials (THIS, GRASP, GIST-UK, SHINE ongoing) with differing treatment goals have shown no clear benefit, however no obvious distinction was made along the diabetic and non-diabetic hyperglycemic groups. If hyperglycemia in the acute phase was the only culprit in worsening the injury, then there should be no difference in the outcomes for DH and NDH. Existing data implies that the two categories are two distinct physiological entities that are thus not amenable to same treatment. Stating it simply NDH is not an insulin deficient state where as DH is. Alternative possibility is that body and Neurons are accustomed to high sugars in diabetics and thus can tolerate higher sugars better during ischemic stroke compared to non diabetics. The overarching hypothesis is that reducing blood sugars in NDH increases stroke volume and thus consequently worsens outcome.

This study will see if HbA1C, the usual blood test for monitoring blood sugar control in diabetic patients, is as accurate in diabetic patients who also have HIV and will evaluate if alternative methods for monitoring blood sugar are preferred for HIV infected patients. HIV-infected patients 18 years of age and older with type 2 diabetes or high blood sugar may be eligible for this study. Participants have two clinic visits (1 to 4 weeks apart) at the NIH Clinical Center. At the first visit they provide a detailed medical, social and family history and have blood and urine samples collected. Previous blood sugar values are also recorded. At the second visit, scheduled for 1 to 4 weeks after the first visit, blood and urine samples are collected. Some of the urine and blood samples are stored for future research on diabetes, HIV or related conditions. ...

The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) have been proven to lower risk of cardiovascular diseases. But the DASH diet is inconsistent with Chinese dietary pattern. In this study, based on the typical Cantonese diet, the healthy Cantonese diet is developed according to the DASH diet and the balanced dietary pattern of the Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2016. The randomized control trial is designed to investigate whether the healthy Cantonese diet has benefit to blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose and other cardiometabolic biomarkers among adults with cardiometabolic syndrome in Guangdong, China.

This study evaluates the link between genetic polymorphisms as r7903146, rs12255372 of TCF7L2 gene and the risk of developing hyperglycemia during Intensive care unit stay