Active clinical trials for "Hypersensitivity"

There are few data on elderly people concerning mechanisms involved in the in vivo release and perception of aromatic compounds. Any knowledge on this point would be of great interest to the scientific community. Concerning the dimensions of sensory perception and in-mouth comfort, there is, to our knowledge, no methodology to describe them. These dimensions are truly original and innovative, and investigating them will lead to the development of foods adapted to elderly populations with chewing and salivation disorders. The expected results are: to obtain two groups of subjects with differences in chewing abilities and saliva production the characterization of flavour release profiles in elderly subjects with regard to oral physiology (mastication and salivation) and saliva composition a sensory profile describing in-mouth comfort when food is eaten

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Bowel hypersensitivity (lower threshold for discomfort in response to distention of a balloon in the rectum compared to healthy controls) is a key documented feature in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) mechanistic studies. The use of the barostat catheter to assess bowel hypersensitivity has been well documented in research settings, but it's use is time consuming which makes it unpractical for routine clinical practice (test time up to 60 minutes). The Rapid Barostat Bag is a novel device used to obtain a rapid and simple assessment of the rectal function, which has received approval for use by Health Canada. Although its safety and use has been validated in healthy controls, RBB use has never been reported in a cohort of IBS patients. The aim of this study is to 1) evaluate bowel sensitivity in IBS patients, compared with healthy controls and 2) determine whether the sensory threshold predicts response to standard of care interventions such as diet or medications. METHODS: This is a prospective controlled study. All participants will undergo RBB testing and will answer a questionnaire related to bowel symptoms (IBS-SSS - IBS Severity Scoring System) and a questionnaire related to anxiety/depression (HADS - Hospital and Anxiety and Depression Scale). HYPOTHESIS: The investigators hypothesize that IBS patients will display lower bowel sensitivity thresholds than healthy controls, using the RBB device. Furthermore, we predict that those with a low sensory threshold (i.e. visceral hypersensitivity) are most likely to respond to interventions that decrease bowel distention (e.g. low FODMAP diet) or the medication linaclotide that is reported to decrease pain signaling.

The aim of the research project is to develop, deliver and assess the feasibility of a nurse-led allergy clinic in primary care, taking into account population, geographical area and needs of healthcare in the area chosen. It is widely acknowledged that the majority of cases of mild to moderate allergy could be adequately dealt with in primary care, by a healthcare professional with the appropriate expertise and knowledge of allergy. The provision of allergy care in the community could potentially have a beneficial impact on health care and patient outcomes. The project will comprise the set up and delivery of a nurse led allergy clinic in primary care and use a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate the feasibility of the clinic. This will include the use of a series of validated questionnaires e.g. satisfaction, condition specific quality of life and economic cost questionnaires, as well as face to face interviews. The research will collect data to see if this clinical intervention is feasible and allow audit of the clinical intervention. This will also enable the researchers to understand patients lived experiences of accessing allergy care and the effect of allergy on quality of life and impact of allergy care.

assessing subgingival clamp in handling and retracting the gingival tissue at the cervical area to see its effect on the gingival health and its technique sensitivity compared to the most commonly used method (retraction cord), as gingival displacement for cervical restorations affects smile and therefore patient satisfaction with the result.

Food allergy is a common problem, affecting 5-8% of the population. Peanut allergy causes reduced quality of life due to the perceived high risk of severe reactions. Patients rely on accurate labeling of both loose and pre-packed foods, but these are often ambiguous and unhelpful. There is a common conception that labeling is 'over-cautious'. Peanut-allergic consumers face increasingly restricted food choices in complying with this advice due, in part, to the proliferation of advisory labels such as 'may contain peanuts'. This contributes to the reduces quality of life of affected individuals. For industry to provide more accurate and helpful labeling, certain characteristics of the food-allergic population need to be defined. Firstly, the minimum 'eliciting dose' for the population has been estimated by studying large groups of peanut allergic patients who are challenged with peanut ingestion in increasing amounts. From these, an eliciting dose that provokes a reaction in 10% of the food-allergic population has been estimated at between six and 14mg of peanut protein. Translation of population eliciting doses (ED) into acceptable levels of allergen contamination for the population requires consideration of a 'safety factor'- to account for individual variability in dose threshold and severity. Data suggest such variability depends in part on extrinsic factors (exercise and sleep restriction). Each factor may have a different effect in scale and direction. The investigators are proposing a cross-over trial with 85 peanut-allergic adults who will each undergoing a baseline peanut challenge followed by repeat challenges with extrinsic factors applied, in random order (repeat baseline, +exercise and +sleep restriction). These data will further define ED for the UK population and a safety factor derived from shift in threshold, to inform industry and protect the allergic population.

The aim of this study is to find out the effects of routinely using different types of pain-relieving strategies during routine immunization injections performed in infants.

The aim is to evaluate exercise capacity, respiratory functions, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, inspiratory muscle endurance, physical activity level, quality of life, fatigue, dyspnea, anxiety, depression and investigate the impact of 24-session pulmonary rehabilitation training on these parameters in patients with chronic fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Phthalates are commonly used plasticizers that have been linked to asthma in epidemiological studies. The investigators are researching effects of phthalates on airway immunology and lung function, and on allergic responses by doing an inhaled allergen challenge. After exposing participants to either filtered air or carefully controlled levels of phthalate in our exposure chamber we will collect samples from the nose and the upper airways, by rinsing the nose with saltwater or performing small brushings. The investigators will also collect a bronchial samples by bronchoscopy after each exposure. After 2 weeks, the entire procedure will be repeated with the alternate exposure.

This study is looking at overweight patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), to compare the effects of a modified fat diet with a reduced glycaemic load (diet 1); and a conventional low fat, high carbohydrate diet (diet 2) on: insulin sensitivity (using the homeostasis model assessment [HOMA] model) lipid profile symptomatic status (6 minute walk distance and Heart Failure Quality of Life [HF QOL] Questionnaire) body weight inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor [TNF] alpha, C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6]) The hypotheses of this study are: Diet 1 will be associated with lower insulin resistance than diet 2. The lipid profile will be better in CHF patients on diet 1 than on diet 2. Patients on diet 1 will have a better symptomatic status than patients on diet 2. Diet 1 will maintain body weight in patients with CHF as well as diet 2. Diet 1 will suppress the expression of TNF-alpha, CRP and IL-6 more than diet 2.

The aim of this study is to find out whether TAK-880 creates hypersensitivity reactions compared to Gammagard S/D by testing blood taken from participants who have a higher risk of becoming hypersensitive to immunoglobulin products. This study is about collecting data available in the participant's medical record. No study medicines will be provided to participants in this study. Each participant will fill out a study questionnaire during a routine doctor visit. Blood will be taken from participants who have a higher risk of developing hypersensitivity reactions to immunoglobulin products.