Active clinical trials for "Hypersensitivity"

Background : Although the hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporins have been recently a more focused subject, studies on the cephalosporin as an allergen are significantly less frequent that those regarding penicillins. Most of the available data regards cephalosporin sensitization in patients previously allergic to penicillin. Like penicillins, cephalosporins represent one of the most prescribed classes of antibiotics. The diagnosis of cephalosporin hypersensitivity is based mainly on clinical history, skin tests (ST) and drug provocation tests (DPT). This succession of tests, performed in specialized services, allows to eliminate responsibility for the drug in many cases (80-85%). The drug allergy work-up also allows to identify profiles of allergy to cephalosporins, with different patterns of cross-reactivity. Objective: To analyse the characteristics of patients studied in our Unit for suspicion of cephalosporin hypersensitivity. Methods: This retrospective study will comprise all the patients who attended the allergy service of the UH of Montpellier from 1997 till 2018 with a clinical history evocative of cephalosporin drug hypersensitivity reaction (DHR), who underwent a drug allergy work up and who gave their consent to be included in the study . The Patients are selected from the Drug Allergy & Hypersensitivity Database (DAHD).

The study will assess the diagnosis of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) among infant and children in assiut university children hospital using skin prick test and specific serum IgE as well as their management.

The topological perception theory proposed a precise description for how one organizes the visual world that eliminates the vagueness of subjective phenomenology. In addition, the topological theory challenges the dominant computational view on the part-to-whole hierarchy of visual information processing. Lines of evidence from adult psychophysics, brain imaging data, and even honeybee's behavior have supported the notion that the global topological properties are the very primitives of visual representation. However, the question of how the sensitivity to topological properties originates during development has not been explored much. In a previous study, the investigators found that 2- to 6 month old infants could reliably discriminate stimuli based on topological differences, but failed to do so based on geometric differences. Using familiarization/novelty preference procedure, the present study intends to explore the visual sensitivity for topological properties in newborn infants. Experiment 1 focuses on whether neonates can discriminate a disk (no hole) and a ring (with a hole) that are topologically different, and/or a disk (no hole) and a triangle (no hole) that are geometrically different. Experiment 2 focuses on whether neonates can detect a change in the number of holes and/or the size of the hole. If newborn infants are only sensitive to topological properties and not to geometric properties, this will be a strong proof for the claim that topological property is the very "primitive" visual representation at empirical as well as theoretical level.

The aim is to assess the population prevalence of risk factors for different chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, asthma, and allergy. Risk factors include genetic and serologic biomarkers, questionnaire data on health and lifestyle. There are many hypotheses under study for each research field.

The purpose of the study is to use the polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) developed by Singapore Eye Research Institute, to evaluate the potential OCT scleral biomarkers capable of predicting risk of myopia progression.

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is often evoked in infants, in particular in front of delayed symptoms such as rectal bleeding, atopic dermatitis, excessive crying, reflux, failure to thrive... But in case of non IgE-mediated CMPA, the only way to diagnose this allergy is to proceed to an elimination-reintroduction test over a period of 2 to 4 weeks, to improve symptoms first, and then provoke them. Even if the diagnosis is confirmed, we speculate that non IgE-mediated CMPA has a faster resolution than other CMPA. The first aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of non IgE-mediated CMPA in a cohort of infants with delayed symptoms which could be relied to a CMPA. The second goal is evaluate the age of tolerance in non IgE-mediated CMPA with oral food challenge for milk ever 2 months after 4 months of age.

The prevalence of food allergies has increased in recent decades, ranging from 1 to 3% of the general population. According to international literature and French national surveys, nuts today represent a group of allergens often associated with severe allergic reactions. They are responsible for 18 to 40% of deaths from food-related anaphylaxis. Among all nuts, the prevalence of anacardiac allergies (mainly cashew and pistachio) continues to increase and has become a growing public health problem. Today, global production is estimated at 4.9 million tonnes of cashews and 1.1 million tonnes of pistachios. The resulting increased exposure may explain the increased prevalence of allergic reactions reported to these fruits. In addition, anaphylactic reactions to anacardiaceae are reported to be even more severe than those occurring in subjects allergic to peanuts. Cashews and pistachios are known to exhibit immunological cross-reactions with one another. In fact, they have a strong sequential homology between their storage allergens Ana o 1 / Pis v 3 (7S vicilin, 78% homology); Ana o 2 / Pis v 2 (legume 11S, 80% homology) and Ana o 3 / Pis v 1 (albumin 2S, 70% homology). For this reason, some authors talk about the cashew / pistachio syndrome and associate the two allergenic sources by considering them as one, in clinical practice. The diagnosis of allergy to nuts, and therefore to anacardiaceae, is based on a compatible clinical history, the presence of specific IgE (demonstrated by positivity to realistic skin tests and serum IgE assay), and positivity on the oral food challenge test. In clinical practice, taking into account the cashew / pistachio syndrome, when the allergy work-up for cashew is negative, allergists tend to advise to reintroduce pistachio at home, considering the two allergens as sufficiently homologous to authorize such a practice. In this context, the investigators decided to check whether this practice, which is based mainly on in vitro homologies, is risk-free, based on the clinical experience of our center.

Recently, an index based on the oral insulin sensitivity index with glucose (OGIS) has been proposed in combination with anthropometric variables, called PREDIcted M (PREDIM), however, there is no evidence of the correlation of this with respect to the various indices (McAuley, Belfiore, Cederholm, Avignon, Matsuda, Gutt, Stumvoll, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance), ISI (Insulin Sensitivity Index), Raynaud, QUICKI (The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index), FIRI (Fasting Insulin Resistance Index), Bennett, TyG (triglycerides and glucose index)) in healthy patients.

The concept of sensitive or reactive skin was evoked in 1947 and developed in the 1970s and is now widely recognized. The international pruritus society has proposed an international consensus definition: sensitive skin is defined as a syndrome manifested by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (tingling, burning, pain, pruritus, tingling) in response to stimuli that normally do not not cause such sensations. The triggering factors can be cosmetics, water, cold, heat, temperature variations, wind ... etc. The physiopathological mechanisms are debated and several hypotheses exist. Sensitive skin can be considered as a decrease of the threshold of cutaneous tolerance. Sensitive skin is linked to abnormalities of the cutaneous nervous system, which becomes hyper-reactive. This hyperreactivity can be modulated by multiple factors. Exposure to cosmetics could be one of the main triggers for sensitive skin, especially for women. This can be explained by the wide use of cosmetics (in France women apply an average of 16 different cosmetics per day), by overconsumption of cosmetics, by exposure to potentially irritating ingredients. Sensitive skin would be less tolerant to the frequent and prolonged use of cosmetics. However, no precise information is available on the actual consumption of cosmetic products in the population with sensitive skin, in particular no data exists concerning the type of products used, the criteria of choice of products, the daily number of products used. and the ingredients contained in these cosmetics

Background: Global guidelines recommend the use of personal protective equipment due to the high risk of contagiousness of COVID-19 disease. The increase in COVİD-19 patients in the last two years has increased the rate of use of latex gloves in nurses. It is not known how the increase in the use of latex gloves affects the complaints of latex allergy in nurses. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the rates of latex glove use and allergic complaints related to the use of latex gloves during the COVID-19 pandemic in hospital nurses.