Active clinical trials for "Agammaglobulinemia"

Background: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a rare inherited disorder in which certain white blood cells have impaired function and are unable to properly fight infections. SCID typically appears within the first year of life and is characterized by multiple, recurrent severe infections. More than 10 percent of all cases of SCID involve a deficiency of an enzyme called adenosine deaminase (ADA), and these SCID patients also tend to have impaired brain function or psychiatric disorders. Researchers are attempting to treat ADA-SCID patients with an experimental gene therapy, and a research protocol has been established for those who are participating in this therapy. Little is known about quality of life in individuals with ADA-SCID, but researchers believe that the effects of the disease and the treatments may cause a decreased quality of life in both patients and their parents. Another potential cause of decreased quality of life in ADA-SCID is the associated psychiatric and neurological problems caused by the disease. Researchers are interested in studying quality of life in individuals with ADA-SCID and their parents to provide more information about the disease. Objectives: To evaluate whether gene therapy alters the quality of life or neuropsychiatric status of children with ADA-SCID. To monitor for intellectual, attention, memory, or specific learning disorders in children with ADA-SCID. To evaluate whether undergoing gene therapy has an effect on parenting stress of parents whose children have ADA-SCID. Eligibility: Children who are participating in the ADA-SCID gene therapy research protocol (01-HG-0189). Parents of children who are participating in the ADA-SCID gene therapy research protocol (01-HG-0189). Design: All of the testing and questionnaires will be done in the pediatric or adult clinic. Participating children will have tests of intelligence, manual dexterity, reaction time, basic reading and arithmetic skills, speech, and memory. These tests will be given before the start of the therapy, and then once a year for 5 years. Participating children will also complete questionnaires on quality of life. These questionnaires will be given before the start of the therapy, 3 months and 6 months after the therapy, and then every 6 months for a total of 5 years. Additional psychological tests may be given at the discretion of the study researchers. Parents will complete questionnaires to provide background medical information and report on quality of life and parental stress. The background information questionnaires will be given at the start of the therapy and then once a year for 5 years, the parental stress questionnaires will be given at the start of the therapy and then every 6 months for 5 years, and the quality of life questionnaires will be given at the same time as the child quality of life questionnaires. This protocol is separate from the gene therapy treatment protocol.

B cells are considered major contributors to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis, a role that has taken on renewed importance with the advent of B-cell-depleting therapies. Rituximab is being increasingly utilized as an off-label treatment option across MS patients . In addition, there have been increasing reports of rituximab causing hypogammaglobulinaemia and antibody deficiency across a variety of conditions including MS and related neuroinflammatory disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the rate of hypogammaglobulinemia in rituximab-treated MS adult patients and to assess the correlation with vaccination response during the treatment.

The purpose of this study is to identify if there is a relationship between multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapy exposure, immunodeficiencies, and infection risk in subjects living with MS.

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a humoral primary immunodeficiency in which affected patients have very low levels of peripheral B cells and a profound deficiency of all immunoglobulin isotypes. Mutations in the gene encoding for Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) are responsible for most of the gammaglobulinemia. We tend to investigate the gene mutation and clinical features of Chinese X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) patients, and also examined the relationship between specific Btk gene mutations and severity of clinical presentation.

OBJECTIVES: I. Identify the molecular defects responsible for primary immunodeficiency disorders. II. Explore the mutations within each syndrome to better understand the genetics of these disorders. III. Study the function of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome proteins (WASP). IV. Design methods to identify carriers and for prenatal diagnosis. V. Explore new avenues for therapy.

The immune system is an intricate system comprised of specialized cells, proteins, tissues and organs. Proper functioning is critical to the body's ability to defend itself against harmful pathogens. Immunological disorders and deficiencies are defects in the immune system that lead to abnormal immune responses. Abnormal immune responses could be derived from immune deficiencies, dysregulations or hypersensitivities. The overall goal of this research study is to identify the mechanisms of primary immune deficiencies and immune disorders at the genetic, cellular and molecular level, using novel analytic techniques to be performed on immune cells derived from blood samples. The knowledge gained from the aims of this study could lead to better diagnostics and identify novel targets for therapeutic interventions.