Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Insufficiency"

The most common reason for admitting babies and infants to an intensive care unit is due to respiratory distress (breathing difficulties). At present there are a number of different treatments for respiratory distress. These include drug treatments; non-invasive ventilation, where oxygen is given at high pressure to push it through the baby's lungs: ventilation where the baby is put on a breathing machine; or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). This works by taking the blood from the body via a tube (usually) in the baby's neck, redirecting through a machine that oxygenates the blood, then returning it to the baby through another tube. Currently we know little about how different treatments have a different impact on brain perfusion (how much oxygen the brain gets). Using specialist, noninvasive ultrasound and doppler techniques, we are proposing to monitor the effect of these treatments on the brain.

This is a study to compare the new ShuttleScope with the standard Macintosh Laryngoscope

This study evaluates the effect of the addition of ketamine to a conscious sedation protocol including remifentanil during oocyte retrieval. The investigators will have 2 groups with different target effect site concentrations, namely 150 ng/ml and 200 ng/ml.

The study aims to determine how historical cases of respiratory abnormalities are documented by clinicians in the electronic health records (EHR) of Memorial Hermann Healthcare System (MHHS) inpatient facilities. The knowledge gained from this study will support the design of modern data-driven surveillance approach to continuously collect, monitor and timely recognize postoperative respiratory abnormalities using electronic healthcare recorded data.

Evaluate HACOR socre utility and efficacy in predicting NIV and/or CPAP failure in patients with COVID-19 associated respiratory failure. Propose adaptations to HACOR score based on the "state of art" of COVID-19

Magnesium is a treatment for mothers to protect brains of babies born early. This study investigates combined effects of magnesium and spinal or epidural anesthesia on mothers having cesareans. The investigators will use a scoring system to measure sedation and devices that subjects breath in and out of to measure breathing strength. The investigators hypothesize the combination of magnesium and anesthesia will reduce breathing strength and cause sedation. This is an observational study comparing those having magnesium and anesthesia with those just having anesthesia. Routine medical care will not be altered. Results will hopefully allow anesthesiologists to provide better patient care.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the new Boussignac-system of non-invasive ventilation is as good as the conventional non-invasive System in patients presenting with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure.

Acute respiratory failure (ARF) remains a common reason for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). ARF to be present in 32% of patients on ICU admission, with a further 24% of patients developing ARF during the ICU stay. A total of 56% of all ICU admissions for a length of >48 h had ARF at some point during their stay. The incidence of ARF was from 88.6 to 137.1 hospitalizations per 100,000 residents. The incidence of ARF was found to increase nearly exponentially with each decade until age 85 years. However, there is still paucity data about etiology and outcomes of acute respiratory failure happened in community. Mortality of ARF in critically ill patients is between 40% and 65%. Independent hazards for ARF mortality include older age, severe chronic co-morbidities (HIV, active malignancy, cirrhosis), certain precipitating events (trauma, drug overdose, bone marrow transplant), and multiple organ system failure (MOSF) [7-9]. Mortality has also been associated with acute lung injury or bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, and with an elevated acute physiology score. ARF patients form a large percentage of all ICU admissions and many factors might influence the final outcomes. With the high incidence of ARF in ICU, any improvement in the outcome of such population is likely to have marked effect on intensive care resource allocation. We wish this study may provide some valuable information about acute respiratory failure in community and improve the outcome of these patients.

Patients are part of a family network. When any person in a family becomes critically unwell and requires the assistance of an Intensive Care Unit (ICU), this has an impact on all members of that family. COVID-19 changed visiting for all patients in hospitals across Scotland. It is not known what effect these restrictions will have on patients' recovery, nor do we understand the impact it may have on their relatives or staff caring for them. This study will look at the implications of the visiting restrictions as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic upon patients without COVID-19 who are in the cardiothoracic ICU. It will also explore the impact of these restrictions on them, their relatives and staff. This study will be carried out within a single specialised intensive care unit in Scotland using mixed methods. The first arm of this study will use retrospective data that is routinely collected in normal clinical practice. The investigators will compare patient outcomes prior to COVID-19 with outcomes following the implementation of COVID-19 visiting restrictions. The aim is to establish if the restrictions on visiting has an impact on the duration of delirium. Delirium is an acute mental confusion and is associated with longer hospital stays and worse outcomes in this patient group. The second arm of this study involves semi-structured interviews with patients, relatives and staff that will allow deeper exploration of the issues around current visiting policy. The interviews will last approximately 1 hour and will address these issues. They will then be transcribed word for word and analysed using grounded theory, meaning the theories will develop from the data as it is analysed.

The purpose of the study is to randomly and prospectively evaluate the differences in outcomes between the control group (closed full facemask immediate post-extubation with standard oxygenating device used post-operatively in PACU) and the SuperNO2VA™ group (SuperNO2VA™ immediate post-extubation and post-operatively in PACU)