Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Insufficiency"

EQ-5D is one of the most commonly employed patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures. It is included in many of the Swedish National Quality Registers (NQRs). EQ-5D health states are usually summarized using 'values' obtained from healthy members of the general public. However an alternative - which remains to be studied in detail - is the potential to use patients' self-reported overall health on the visual analogue scale as a means of capturing experience-based values. The overall aim of this project is to increase knowledge on the potential applicability of EQ VAS as a health state valuation method through assessment of its variability across and within patient groups and compared with that of the general population in Sweden. Data on nearly 700,000 patients from 12 NQRs covering a variety of diseases/conditions and from the general population will be analysed. Longitudinal studies of PROs among different patient groups will be conducted at baseline/first visit and 1-year follow-up. Descriptive analyses comparing EQ-5D health states and observed self-assessed EQ VAS within and across registers will be performed. Comparisons of the change in health state and observed EQ VAS values over one year will also be made. Regression models will be used to assess whether EQ-5D dimensions predict observed EQ VAS values to investigate patient value sets in each NQR. These will be compared across the patient groups and with the existing Swedish experience-based VAS and time trade-off (TTO) value sets obtained from the general population. This research project will provide information on the variation among different patient groups in terms of self-reported health status through EQ VAS and comparison with the general population. Knowledge on the relative importance of different dimensions of the EQ-5D to different patient groups as well as the general population will be gained in this project. The possibility of getting value sets based on patients' self-reported EQ VAS values and their comparison with value sets from experience-based general population studies will be discussed.

This study aims at assessing esophageal pressure in patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 undergoing non invasive respiratory support.

Measuring bedside occlusion pressure in neurosurgical or surgical critically ill patients could tell us about the patient's respiratory drive, and therefore, tell us whether or not extubation will be successful.

The anticipated second wave of COVID-19 cases will present healthcare system challenges, including requirement to monitor large numbers of patients for deteriorating respiratory failure. Rising respiratory rate can identify deterioration requiring escalation of care. However constant monitoring of respiratory rate can be challenging outwith critical care units due to feasibility and inaccuracy of intermittent measurements. Wearable biosensors which allows for remote patient monitoring of RR is therefore attractive, particularly when combined in a dashboard with clinical summary data. This would establish source data and infrastructure for the training and validation of machine-learning models, with decision support risk-predictions prioritising alerts and clinician reviews.

Difficult conditions and critically ill and injured patients may complicate endotracheal intubation in the pre-hospital setting. The incidence of complications increase when two or more endotracheal intubation attempts are needed. The aim of this study is to estimate the incidence of difficult pre-hospital endotracheal intubation after the introduction of the McGrath MAC Video laryngoscope as the primary airway device for pre-hospital endotracheal intubation. Hypothesis: • In our pre-hospital critical care teams, staffed with experienced anaesthesiologists, the rate of difficult PHETI (defined as more than one intubation attempt needed to secure a patent airway) is lower than 10 %, when using the McGrath MAC VL as primary choice in pre-hospital intubations.

The investigators seek to evaluate if the ultra-sound measure of the diaphragm expansion is predictive of admission into an ICU and/or intubation for patients with COPD. Every patient coming to the ER with shortness of breath and a known or suspected COPD, will undergo standard of care associated with a diaphragm ultrasound. The investigators will then gather, through the internal databases of the recruiting hospitals, information about admission into ICU and/or intubation. The investigators think that this technique will help improve early detection of COPD patient requiring mechanical ventilation, using ultrasound, a non invasive technique.

High pressure NIV is a pressure limited ventilation, stating IPAP pressure at 20 cmH2O and gradually increasing pressure up to 30 cmH2O according to patient tolerance.

The present study is aimed to establish the epidemiological characteristics and clinical outcomes of mechanically ventilated children with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF), defined as PaO2/FiO2 ≤300 mmHg on PEEP≥5 cmH2O and FiO2≥0.3, admitted in a network of pediatric hospitals in Spain.

Patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit often are affected by acute respiratory failure at admission or during hospital stay, with a mortality of 30%. Treatment remains largely supportive with mechanical ventilation as the mainstay of management by improving the hypoxemia and reducing the work of breathing; however, the mechanical forces generated during ventilation can further enhance pulmonary inflammation and edema, a process that has been termed ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). Consequently, in clinical practice the lung protective ventilation is mainly based on the reduction of the tidal volume, the airway and the transpulmonary plateau pressure. A good clinical practice is based on the assessment of changes in respiratory mechanics. Aim of the study is to determine the accuracy of the OPTIVENT system in measuring transpulmonary pressure, comparing it with the systems currently in use in our Operative Unit.

Patients sedated under mechanical ventilation with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with a PaO2/FiO2 equal or less than 200mmHg (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, ARDS and non-ARDS) will be included in the study early in the course of the disease (first week of mechanical ventilation). At enrollment, data on the clinical condition of the patient will be recorded together with ventilation settings: ventilation mode, the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), PEEP, tidal volume, set pressure, respiratory rate, time of the respiratory cycle, recent blood gas parameters. Airway pressure, flow, and esophageal pressure (or alternatively electrical activity of the diaphragm, Eadi) will be recorded 3 times a day for 7 days: Period 1 (morning): duration 20-30 minutes Period 2 (afternoon): duration 20-30 minutes Period 3 (evening / night): duration 20-30 minutes Registration will be ended at extubation, death or at eight days from the first recording. Monitoring of vital parameters (hemodynamic and respiratory) will be continuous throughout the duration of the study, as per normal clinical practice. All drugs used during the day of the measurements will be recorded. The patient will then be followed until discharge from the ICU and after 60 days of discharge to evaluate mortality. As an ancillary study, in a subgroup of patients continuous simplified measurement of respiratory recordings together with hourly clinical data on sedation and extended simplified polysomnography recordings will be performed within the first 7 days from inclusion. The analysis of the recorded waveforms will be performed in a single center by a centralized system that will quantify dyssynchrony and its intensity, calculate pressure time product, collect clinical and physiological data and outcome, and investigate possible correlations.