Active clinical trials for "Hypoxia"

This is an open label, randomized, interventional study indented to find the efficacy of different treatment regimens in treatment of pulmonary hypertension secondary to lung disease and/or hypoxia.This is to find out when to start combination therapy (sildenafil plus bosentan) in treatment of pulmonary hypertension secondary to lung disease and/or hypoxia.

Analgo-sedation is standard procedure in anesthesiology practice and is often given for colonoscopy in the setting of daily hospital. Ideally, patients should be sedated with preserved spontaneous breathing and adequate blood O2 saturation. To maintain adequate oxygenation, low-flow O2 (2-6 L/min) is usually delivered through standard nasal catheter which can provide inspired fraction (FiO2) of 40% (low-flow nasal oxygenation - LFNO). Coldness and dryness of LFNO applied may be uncomfortable to patient. Standardly applied intravenous anesthetics can lead to transient ceasing of breathing and O2 desaturation despite LFNO. Respiratory instability can also potentiate circulatory instability - undesirable changes in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). Unlike LFNO, high-flow heated and humidified nasal oxygenation (HFNO) is characterized by the oxygen-air mixture flow of 20 to 70 L/min up to 100% FiO2. Warm and humidified O2, delivered via soft, specially designed nasal cannula, is pleasant to patient. HFNO develops continuous positive pressure of 3 to 7 cmH2O in upper airway which enables noninvasive support to patient's spontaneous breathing thus prolonging time of adequate O2 saturation. Aim of this study is to compare effect of HFNO and LFNO on oxygenation maintenance before, during and after standardized procedure of intravenous analgo-sedation in normal weight patients of ASA risk I, II and III. Investigators hypothesize that application of HFNO compared to LFNO, in patients with preserved spontaneous breathing during procedural analgo-sedation, will contribute to maintaining of adequate oxygenation, consequentially adding to greater circulatory and respiratory patients' stability. Investigators expect that patients who receive HFNO will better maintain adequate oxygenation regarding improved spontaneous breathing. Also patients will have shorter intervals of blood oxygen desaturation, less pronounced rise in blood CO2 level and lesser fall of blood O2 level, less change in HR and BP. Investigators will have to exactly estimate partial and global respiratory insufficiency (blood CO2 and O2 levels) associated with LFNO and HFNO, which will be done by blood-gas analysis of 3 arterial blood samples collected before, during and after analgo - sedation via previously, in local anesthesia, placed arterial cannula. Possible complications will be explained in written uniformed consent and by anesthesiologist.

The study aims to develop scans that tell the investigators about the oxygen content of tumours using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and seeing whether regions of low oxygen content are related to mutations in cancer genes such as TP53. MRI is a method of obtaining pictures of inside of the body that shows the appearance and structure of soft tissues. To get the information about the oxygen content of tumours, MRI is carried out while breathing 100% oxygen. The variation of oxygen supply to different regions of the tumour will help the investigators to predict tumour behavior and tumour response to treatment.

Vibroacoustic pulmonary therapy in patients with COVID19 is believed to have a positive effect on oxygen status and a decrease in the duration of respiratory failure

The investigators hypothesized that heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen(HFNC) along with high quality of sleep, in comparison with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV), could reduce the release of inflammatory marker C-reactive protein(CRP), which as independent predictor of atrial fibrillation（AF）, further lower the incidence of new-onset AF following coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).

Researchers are looking for better ways of diagnosing and treating pancreatic cancer. It is believed that looking for low levels of oxygen (hypoxia) in tumours may give a better understanding of how certain tumours grow or respond to certain treatments. This study will look at hypoxia in pancreatic tumours while participants are receiving treatment with the combination of gemcitabine and TH-302/placebo in the EMR 200592-001 clinical research study. This study will use positron emission tomography (PET) scans to look at hypoxia in tumours. PET is an imaging test that can be used to measure hypoxia in tumours. For this study, a radioactive tracer called Fluoroazomycin Arabinoside (FAZA) will be used to "label" areas of hypoxia in tumours. Determining the levels of hypoxia in tumour tissue using FAZA-PET scans and comparing these levels with the patient's response to treatment with gemcitabine and TH-302/placebo for pancreatic cancer may help the researchers to determine the relationship between hypoxia and response to this treatment. The main purpose of this study is to see how useful looking at hypoxia in tumours are when they are done at different centres.

Liberal fluid administration is one of risk factors of developing acute lung injury (ALI) in thoracic surgery. Therefore, the investigators try to restrain fluid administration, and in the case of intraoperative hypotension, the investigators often administer vasoactive agents or inotropes. One lung ventilation (OLV) which is routinely employed for thoracic surgery decrease arterial oxygenation and oxygen delivery to brain can be also decreased. In this study, the investigators compared dopamine and phenylephrine in respect to maintaining cerebral oxygen saturation in major thoracic surgery. The investigators hypothesis is that dopamine is better than phenylephrine to maintain cerebral oxygen saturation in thoracic surgery.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is caused by a wide variety of conditions, but always characterized by hypoxia and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Current treatment of ALI is supportive and treatment of the underlying cause. New therapies to treat severe ALI have not been shown to improve survival, and are limited by financial and logistical resources. The investigators propose to investigate the role of inhaled sodium nitroprusside (iSNP) in ALI. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is a vasodilator. When inhaled, SNP may travel to areas of the lung participating in gas exchange, and cause the blood vessels surrounding these areas to enlarge. This may result in an increase of blood vessels to these areas of the lung, and improve oxygenation. Currently, iSNP has not been studied in the adult population. Therefore, this study is intended to find the safety profile of varying doses of iSNP.

By analyzing energetic and biomechanical basis of walking, and the subsequent changes induced by hypoxic vs normoxic training in obese individuals, it may optimize the use of walking in hypoxia to gain perspective for exercise prescription to set up training programs that aim to induce negative energy balance and to deal with weight management. However to the investigators knowledge, the analysis of changes in mechanics, energetics and efficiency of walking after continuous hypoxic training (CHT) has not been performed yet. The aims of the present study were: Comparing the changes in body composition between continuous hypoxic training (CHT) and similar training in normoxia; e.g. continuous normoxic training (CNT) in obese subjects. Comparing the metabolic and energetics adaptations to CHT vs CNT. Finally, comparing the associated body-loss induced gait modification since walking intensity at spontaneous walking speed (Ss) is lower in CHT than in CNT.

Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH), a reduced amount of oxygen in the arterial blood during exercise, has been observed in otherwise healthy, highly-trained endurance athletes during exercise at sea level. The extent of the arterial deoxygenation may be influenced by a histamine-mediated inflammatory response at the pulmonary capillary-alveolar membrane limiting oxygen diffusion. Moreover, while EIAH has been routinely explored in running and cycling, swimming is understudied despite potential mechanistic avenues which may put swimmers at further risk for EIAH. The purpose of this study is threefold: 1) to determine whether highly-trained swimmers experience EIAH during submaximal and maximal exercise, 2) to determine the extent to which histamine release influences oxyhemoglobin saturation during swimming exercise, and 3) to determine whether nedocromil sodium (NS), a mast cell stabilizer, and cetirizine HCl (CH), an H1-receptor competitive inhibitor, can improve oxyhemoglobin saturation during submaximal and maximal swimming exercise. Twenty-six (13 men, 13 women) highly-trained swimmers will complete an intense swimming protocol to assess the histamine response to intense exercise. A subset with the highest histamine responses will participate in three additional sessions (placebo, NS, and CH conditions) which will include a swimming aerobic capacity test and 5-minutes of swimming at both 70 and 85% of their maximal oxygen uptake.