Active clinical trials for "Illness Behavior"

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a group of novel immunotherapies that boost the body's own defense against the cancer by improving the immune system's ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells. While it is relatively well-documented that conventional cancer treatments (e.g., chemotherapy) are associated with cognitive impairment, virtually nothing is yet known about effects on cognition during and after ICI treatment. Due to significantly improved survival rates after ICI treatments, it becomes important to map possible adverse effects associated with these treatments. The investigators therefore investigate possible changes in cognitive function in a group of cancer patients from prior to ICI treatment to nine months later. A gender- and age- matched healthy control group will serve as a comparison. The study has the potential to broaden our understanding of associations between cognition, the brain, and the immune system and to provide clinically relevant knowledge about possible cognitive impairments associated with immunotherapy.

This is an experimental medicine, single-centre, observational test-retest study to evaluate Filgotinib's mechanism of analgesic action in RA patients. The investigators hypothesize that Filgotinib's mechanism of analgesic action is determined by at least two factors. The first is related to those CNS sensitization pathways seen in fibromyalgia, specifically DMN-insula brain functional connectivity and insular glutamate. The second is related to peripheral inflammation, specifically joint synovitis, blood cytokines/chemokines and DAN-LIPL functional brain connectivity. The CNS sensitization pain pathways related to fibromyalgia are more quickly modified compared to those related to peripheral inflammation and help explain Filgotinib's rapid onset of effect.

This feasibility pilot cluster RCT aims to pilot and feasibility test an online training toolkit (Managing Minds at Work) for line managers to develop their knowledge and confidence in preventing work-related stress and promoting mental health at work. The setting is work organisations of different types and sectors across the Midlands region of the United Kingdom. Participants must have direct managerial or supervisor responsibilities for 3 or more staff members. The intervention consists of five modules of online learning: Looking after your own Mental Health; Designing and managing work to promote mental well-being; Management competencies to prevent work-related stress; Developing a psychologically safe work environment; Having conversations about mental health at work. Each module includes some descriptive content, interactive elements and opportunities for reflections, and take between 20-30 minutes to complete. Participating organisations will be allocated to either the intervention or control arm. A waiting list control will be used, with line managers in the control organisations starting the intervention 3-months after baseline. Data will be collected through online surveys with the intervention group at baseline, immediately post-intervention (around 6 weeks post baseline), 3-months follow-up and 6-months follow-up. Control group will complete the online surveys at baseline and 3-months (as they start the intervention) and immediately after completing the intervention. As a feasibility pilot study, analysis will be focused on acceptability of the intervention, feasibility of recruitment, retention and data collection, and estimating parameters for a larger trial. The primary outcome measure is line managers' confidence to create a mentally healthy workplace. The secondary outcomes line manger mental health knowledge, line manager workplace mental health literacy, line manager self-rating of behaviour. In addition, the direct reports of line managers will be invited to participate to assess the feasibility of collecting the outcome data related to: employee well-being, employee rating of line manager behaviour, employee sickness absence, employee productivity. A process evaluation will be conducted to assess intervention acceptability, usability, implementation and effectiveness. Qualitative data will be collected via module feedback forms and in-depth interviews with a sample of line managers from the intervention arm and stakeholders.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a social learning and cognitive behavior therapy approach for treating children with Recurrent Abdominal Pain (RAP).

The interest in Para sport is steadily increasing. A concern is, though, that elite Para athletes report a high incidence of injuries and illnesses. Altogether, there is an urgent need to prevent such incidents among athletes already suffering from an impairment. However, most of the existing training-based prevention programmes are not adapted or accessible to Para athletes. Also, recent research suggests that sports safety work advantageously should facilitate disease prevention and health promotion. Such intervention would hypothetically also have the potential to reduce injuries, illnesses and improve health among Para athletes. To allow full implementation, the intervention would need to be adapted to the Para athletes´ various impairments, abilities and sports. MAIN QUESTIONS TO BE ADRESSED Can an evidence-based eHealth health promotion platform prevent sports injuries and illnesses in elite para athletes over 6 months, 12 months and 5 years? Can such platform improve overall health parameters such as sleep, nutrition and mental health in elite para athletes and influence the performance parameters training quantity and training quality over 6 months, 12 months and 5 years? Can such platform improve health literacy among Para athletes?

The objective of the present study is to specifically assess the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on the development of behavioral symptoms and the underlying contribution of inflammatory processes. In particular, the investigators will assess the development of subjective and objective behavioral symptoms. In addition, the investigators will determine whether some psychological trait or state can predict and/or modulate the LPS-induced inflammatory and behavioral responses. Twenty-five healthy subjects will be included. A placebo-controlled, double-blinded and cross-over design will be used. Subjects will receive an intravenous injection of endotoxin at 2 nanogram/kilogram (ng/kg) of body weight and an intravenous injection of sodium chloride as placebo of endotoxin injection at two different occasions. Prior to inclusion and randomization, subjects will come at the hospital and will receive a medical examination. Psychological variables that could affect the behavioral (or immune) response to LPS will be assessed at that time, using several self-assessment questionnaires. On the trial days, injection of endotoxin or sodium chloride will be performed and blood samples will be taken just before the endotoxin or sodium chloride injection and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.5 hours after the injection. Blood samples will be used to measure several inflammatory and immune markers. Urine samples will be taken before the endotoxin or sodium chloride injection and as late as possible after the injection. Subjects will wear T-shirt all day. Urine and T-shirt samples will be used for behavioral assessment and analysis of body odor compound. Self-assessment questionnaires assessing behavioral and psychological variables will be completed by participants just before the endotoxin or sodium chloride injection, three hours and 7.5 hours after the injection. A short questionnaire assessing sickness behavior (SicknessQ) will be repeatedly completed by participants from just before to 7.5 hours after the endotoxin or sodium chloride injection. Several behavioral tests will be used, including a motivation task, a test assessing behavioral response to negative and sickness stimuli. Analysis of gait and motion, as well as of social interactions, will be performed. Photographs will be taken for the further rating of the faces.

The investigators of this study would like to see whether providing feedback to patients regarding their illness behavior/coping strategies, using online questionnaires, improves patient-physician communication in orthopaedic surgery. The investigators aim to enroll 128 patients.

In this randomized double blind study, 52 healthy participants were injected with either 0.6 ng/kg body weight or placebo to test if changes in pain sensitivity is associated with change in neural activity using BOLD MR scanning.

Handling of complex health situations (as defined by multimorbidity) in partnership: communication between romantic partners; subjective illness perception; coping with stressful experiences due to multimorbidity. Intervention : Expressive Writing about subjective illness perception vs. Writing about individual Time-Management Primary Endpoint: subjective Health (e.g. SF 12 questionnaire) Secondary Endpoints: Psychosocial Adjustments (Depression, somatic symptoms, quality of partnership and others)

In this randomized double blind cross-over study 8 healthy persons were injected with 0.8 ng/kg body weight lipopolysaccharide (LPS) /endotoxin and placebo at two different occasions. The aim was to investigate how pain sensitivity and health perception change in response to an acute immune activation.