Active clinical trials for "Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes"

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been associated with HIV infection. However, it is uncertain whether increased CVD rates are associated with HIV-related factors (e.g., HIV-infection or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may worsen dyslipidemia) or reflect differences in the prevalence of underlying risk factors for CVD. Furthermore, the association between initiation and duration of HAART exposure and CVD risk, including which specific drugs within the HAART classes may contribute to the increased risk, is unknown. The primary objectives of the study are therefore: 1. To estimate the absolute and relative incidence rate (IR) of CVD claims-based diagnoses among a cohort of adult patients from a large managed care population with a claims diagnosis of HIV, AIDS, or AIDS-related complex (ARC) during periods of exposure to: Any HAART compared to no HAART exposure HAART class [i.e., NRTIs, NNRTIs, PIs, and Other (i.e., fusion inhibitors)] compared to no HAART class exposure Specific NRTI medications compared to no specific NRTI exposure

Long term observation of patients under lopinavir/ritonavir containing therapy

This study will evaluate a test designed to measure immune system responses to HIV and HIV vaccines.

To detect by Doppler echocardiography the incidence of cardiac abnormalities in HIV-positive patients in a prospective, longitudinal study.

This protocol presents the rationale, 25-year historical review, and methods for multidisciplinary, low-risk studies of individuals referred to the NCI Viral Epidemiology Branch (VEB). Referrals are generally for unusual types of cancer or related conditions, known, or suspected to be related to viruses. Kaposi's sarcoma in two homosexual men evaluated in 1981 is a classic example. These referral cases provide the basis for pilot studies that generate hypotheses, the development of protocols for formal investigations of promising leads, and help to set priorities for VEB. A VEB investigator who is a Staff Member at the NIH Clinical Center, interviews each subject, performs a physical examination, draws a blood sample, and, when appropriate for the disease or virus under study, obtains other clinically indicated biological specimens, such as urine, sputum, saliva, tears, semen, Pap smear, or cervical, anal, oral, or nasal swabs. On occasion, other relatively non-invasive studies may be indicated. Skin testing with conventional, licensed antigens for assessment of cellular immunity may be performed, and skin lesions may be biopsied or excised. Tumor or other tissue biopsies may be obtained when biopsy or surgery is clinically indicated for other reasons. Otherwise no surgery is performed, and no therapy is administered. Clinical referral to other components of NCI, NIH, or the private sector are made as needed. The biological specimens are frozen or otherwise preserved to be batch tested in current assays or future assays that will be developed. Such laboratory testing is performed either at VEB's own support laboratory, or collaboratively in other NCI, NIH, or extramural laboratories that have the needed expertise for the disease or virus under study. Occasionally, repeated or more long-term evaluation is required. More often, a single evaluation in the NIH outpatient clinic, or either at a collaborating physician's office or other suitable site in the field, is sufficient. The VEB investigator provides counseling relevant to the virus or disease under study, and about the interim study results. He or she makes appropriate referral if needed (e.g., to the Genetic Epidemiology Branch for genetic counseling). Clinically relevant results and the VEB investigator's interpretation of these results, are provided in writing to the subject's primary caregiver. Confidentially of the information that is obtained is carefully protected. The results of the study are summarized for publication in the peer review literature.

The purpose of this study is to learn what factors influence adolescent girls' decisions regarding testing for carrier status of X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (XSCID). It will provide information about how healthy relatives feel about whether they could be XSCID carriers, whether carrier testing should be pursued, and, if so, at what age. Commonly known as "Bubble Boy Disease," XSCID is a rare, life-threatening immune system disorder that affects only males, but females who carry the gene mutation can pass the disease to their male children. Adolescent girls 13 to 17 years old who have a relative with XSCID and are known to be at risk for being carriers are eligible for this study. Participants will receive genetic counseling to help them decide if they want to be tested for the XSCID gene. Those who elect to be tested will provide a DNA sample from either a blood draw or brushing taken from inside the mouth. They will receive the test results from the same genetic counselor they spoke with before the testing. All participants will also talk with a psychologist over the phone once a year for 3 years to answer questions about how they are feeling and what they know about XSCID. They will be asked to discuss their decision and feelings about carrier testing.

This is an observational study to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin in the critically-ill immunocompromise patients.

This study is to understand how to improve retention in care and treatment services to HIV positive pregnant women and their babies in Swaziland. The investigators will evaluate outcomes of patients who are lost-to-follow-up (LTF) under a new approach for prevention of mother-to-child (PMTCT) called Option B+, where all HIV positive pregnant women initiate lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) regardless of their disease stage. The goal is to understand the outcomes of patients who are LTF from care, and the reasons for disengagement from care in the context of PMTCT in order to inform efforts to improve retention in care among patients under Option B+.

Background/Rationale: Epidemiological data about Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders (PIDD) in Kuwait is needed to better understand peculiarities and to compare them with other regions and ethnicity. Study hypothesis: PIDD is relatively common in Kuwait compared to populations from different geographic areas. The distribution of PIDD in Kuwait is different from other geographic areas with more severe forms being more frequent. Brief inclusion and exclusion criteria of study participants: PIDD patients presented at different clinics/hospital in Kuwait. Patients with secondary immunodeficiencies (drug induced, virus induced, and immunodeficiency associated with metabolic disorders... ect), will be excluded Estimated sample size of the study: All patients who were registered in KNPIDR since 2004 will be included in the study along with the new patients who will be recruited during the study period. Primary objectives: Determine the prevalence and frequency of different PIDD in Kuwait Identify clinical presentation patterns for PIDD in Kuwait Identify natural history of PIDD in Kuwait Help to asses epidemiology of PIDD in Kuwait Determine particularities about PIDD affecting the population in Kuwait Determine the health impact of PIDD in Kuwait Development of strategies to improve the care and the quality of life of patients with PIDD

To investigate the presence of seconday of lymphoid organs in patients who underwent allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 15 to 45 years ago. The goal aims to assess the development of seconday lymphoid organs given the fact that the absence of myeloablation these patients present a split chimerism between T lymphocytes and the other leucocytes. Thus, they may not be able to generate seconday lymphoid organs. Practically, whole body MRI is being used to visualise and quantify both mediastinal and intraabdominal lymph nodes. Delta will be compared with those obtained in healthy age-matched individuals. It is scheduled to include 15 patients and 15 controls.