Active clinical trials for "Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes"

Antiretroviral therapy of the mother and of the newborn associated with alternative schemes of breastfeeding can reduce these transmission rates to 1%. The diagnosis of HIV infection in newborns is based on PCR for detection of viral genetic material, a procedure that is expensive and of complex logistics. Tests based on detection of antibodies are faster and cheaper but cannot distinguish infected child or maternal antibodies passed to the fetus through the placenta. Nevertheless, the so-called rapid tests have been implemented in the network of health services because of their simplicity and performance comparable to conventional tests. DPP HIV 1/2 test, produced by Bio-Manguinos/Fiocruz, usage is limited by the manufacturer to over 24 months of age children, though the guidelines control programs already recommend the use from 18 months in Brazil and 9 months in other countries. Data on the accuracy of the rapid test under 24 months of age are scarce. This proposal aims to assess the performance of rapid tests produced by Bio-Manguinhos in diagnostic protocols for HIV infection in children 9-24 months old, in order to obtain empirical data to support the current recommendations on rapid tests, particularly in countries with limited access to tests that require specialized laboratories. The validation of rapid HIV testing in other age groups is a requirement of the national regulatory authorities, and has important implications for programs to control HIV-AIDS in populations from countries with limited access to specialized laboratory resources. The use of the rapid test can also represent a significant reduction in costs, as it allows limiting the use of molecular tests to complex and expensive confirmation cases.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is commonly applied in medicine with 1H proton or 31-phosphorus spectra. The proton MRS is often used in evaluating the central nervous system and 31P MRS is used in muscular diseases or neoplasms. However, the proton MRS is also considered to be applied to the musculoskeletal system because of its profound amount of protons. Ballon used the STEAM technique, and Schick used the PRESS technique, to investigate the lipid and water spectra of the bone marrow and also correlated those with hematological diseases and post-treatment effects. Schellinger et al. used the STEAM sequence to calculate the lipid content of the vertebral bone marrow and found that it was influenced according to age and sex. The investigator had used the proton MRS to evaluate the lipid and water spectra of the femoral head and revealed its significance in predicting avascular necrosis of the femoral head. According to the above research literature, the investigators considered further investigation of the proton MRS in evaluating the musculoskeletal system.

Background : The occurrence of Primary immune deficiencies (PID) is rare in adults. Antibody deficiencies were the first PID to be diagnosed in adulthood and are mainly represented by common variable immune deficiency. The main manifestation of these PID are encapsulated bacterial infection which used to be recurrent and/or invasive, lead to hospitalization and have high rates of morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of PID in adulthood may be supported by six warning signs from the European Society of Immunodeficiencies (ESID). However, their guidelines do not comprehensively describe symptoms of PID, even for patients with infections. The guidelines recommend screening adults for PID after at least two severe bacterial infections. The aim of this study is to screen for PID adult admitted to our hospital for encapsulated infection without any predisposal factor. Material and methods : Monocentric study. Inclusion between September 218 and September 2021 Inclusion criteria : Age 18 to 65 years old Invasive encapsulated infection (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogènes, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseiria meningitidis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae ) Exclusion criteria : Medical history of PID Medical history of Secondary immune deficiency (SID) Local-regional factor that could predispose them to infection Hospital-acquired infection PID screening included the following: complete blood count, blood smear, immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype (IgA,M, G) and IgG subclass levels, total hemolytic complement and complement fractions (C) 3 and 4, alternative complement pathway (AP50) in case of Neisseria meningitidis (NM) infection, quantitative immunophenotyping of T, B and natural killer cells, specific antibody response to diphtheria, tetanus and pneumococcal vaccine and HIV serology. The clinical and laboratory diagnostic criteria used to identify PID were based on guidelines from the ESID and the Pan-American Group for Immunodeficiency (PAGID) A consultation in the infectious Diseases Department or Internal Medicine will be scheduled the hospitalization 3 months later to include patients and perform PID screening.

This study aims at correlating TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β values as dosed by ELISA and mRNA expression by real-time PCR with histopathological hepatic biopsy findings in individuals with HIV/HCV coinfection. This population will be divided into three groups (G1: with no HAART; G2: with detected HIV viral load (HIV VL); G3: with undetected HIV VL), which will be then compared to two control groups with monoinfection by HIV or by HCV, in addition to a third control group comprising normal blood donors.

The primary objective of this protocol is to provide expanded access to tabelecleucel to participants with Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases and malignancies for whom there are no other appropriate therapeutic options, and who are not eligible to enroll in clinical studies designed to support the development and registration of tabelecleucel.

Compassionate use access to fostemsavir (GSK3684934, formerly BMS-663068) for the treatment of HIV infection in individuals with multidrug resistant HIV-1 infection who are experiencing virologic failure and are unable to comprise a suppressive regimen with currently available antiretrovirals. Direct inquires to the ViiV Compassionate Use Portal via https://viiv-cu-portal.idea-point.com/

The objective of this study is to make T-cell depleted stem cells from a family member who is a half match (haplo-identical) available on an expanded access basis to patients receiving one or two unrelated cord blood transplants who are at a higher risk of not engrafting in a safe amount of time. The purpose of the related stem cells is the give the bone marrow a "jump start" towards recovery. Ultimately, the cord blood cells will grow and permanently rescue the bone marrow.

This protocol provides expanded access to bone marrow transplants for children who lack a histocompatible (tissue matched) stem cell or bone marrow donor when an alternative donor (unrelated donor or half-matched related donor) is available to donate. In this procedure, some of the blood forming cells (the stem cells) are collected from the blood of a partially human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched (haploidentical) donor and are transplanted into the patient (the recipient) after administration of a "conditioning regimen". A conditioning regimen consists of chemotherapy and sometimes radiation to the entire body (total body irradiation, or TBI), which is meant to destroy the cancer cells and suppress the recipient's immune system to allow the transplanted cells to take (grow). A major problem after a transplant from an alternative donor is increased risk of Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD), which occurs when donor T cells (white blood cells that are involved with the body's immune response) attack other tissues or organs like the skin, liver and intestines of the transplant recipient. In this study, stem cells that are obtained from a partially-matched donor will be highly purified using the investigational CliniMACS® stem cell selection device in an effort to achieve specific T cell target values. The primary aim of the study is to help improve overall survival with haploidentical stem cell transplant in a high risk patient population by limiting the complication of GVHD.

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), a rare primary immunodeficiency dieases (PID), is poorly characterized in mainland China. We meant to explore the patients with SCID refered to our hospital and summarize their clinical manifestations and genetic features.

This is an observational, case-control study with a single blood draw among two cohorts, patients with antibody deficiency (e.g., CVID) and healthy controls. Samples will be analyzed by mass cytometry (CyTOF) to examine the major signaling pathways of all circulating innate and adaptive immune cell types, as well as whole exome sequencing. The goal is to improve our general understanding of the human immune response to infections and the diagnosis of CVID.