Active clinical trials for "Infant, Premature, Diseases"

This study aims to assess Turkish validity and reliability of Standardized Infant Neurodevelopmental Assessment and to spread its use for evaluation in early rehabilitation in our country.

There is an increasing incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) affecting the premature infant population, principally those with associated risk like extreme prematurity, extreme low birth weight, associated co-morbidities (Congenital heart disease, perinatal asphyxia) and those born in hospitals with limited resources for optimal neonatal care. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), has been used in premature infants to evaluate changes in cerebral perfusion and oxygenation. (1) It provides real time insight into the oxygen delivery.(3) In the premature patient population, many neurologic injuries occur as a result of prenatal (pre-existing) and/or postnatal disturbance on oxygen delivery. NIRS has been focused in cerebral monitoring. Light easily penetrates through neonatal bone and skin tissue, and allows to monitor the subjacent oxygen content. Early studies were performed to validate NIRS measurements and have established normative data.(4-6) The non-invasive method of monitoring cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation has revolutionized the intensive care units in patients at risk for neurological injuries. This method has been successfully validated to monitor neonatal cerebral oxygenation in different clinical settings and study protocols. (7) NIRS provides non-invasive, continuous information on tissue perfusion and oxygen dynamics. One of the biggest challenges of NEC spectrum diseases is in the making of early diagnosis. It is important to monitor not just cerebral perfusion but also the intestinal oxygenation.(8,9) Previous studies with NIRS have demonstrated that premature infants change their cerebral - splanchnic oxygenation ratios during feedings.(10) Guy et al. performed NIRS in premature piglets to demonstrate association of perfusion change with NEC spectrum(11,12); these studies suggest evidence that NIRS could be a useful diagnostic tool in the premature infant population trough abdominal NIRS (a-NIRS) measurement capable of detecting alterations in intestinal oxygenation and perfusion. In summary, a-NIRS could be use in the premature infant population to define reference values, especially in patients at risk, which would then facilitate the early diagnosis of NEC spectrum diseases.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the enteral nutrition type (untreated breast milk, or breast milk processed by the breast-milk bank) on the longitudinal evolution of the total content and plasma profile of essential fatty acids (EFA) in a population of premature infants.

This study evaluates the utility of measuring gastric residuals in premature infants born between 26+0 and 33+6 weeks and to determine if its routine use is related with a delay in feedings advancement in this babies compared with no measurement.

Oral disorders are currently widely described in the premature birth population, but few studies compare them to their prevalence in the full-term population. In addition, new behaviours and eating habits are regularly emerging in our society. The objective of this study is to compare the severity of signs of oral disorders between the group of preterm infants and the group of term infants born without organic pathologies that compromise oral development.

The main goal of this study is to determine the association between: the quantity of mother's milk and duration of breastfeeding the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids and iron during hospitalization and the development of preterm infants born with a GA < 32 weeks.

Pregnant women at risk of giving birth before 28 weeks' gestational age will be enrolled. Fetal circulation will be studied and blood for inflammatory parameters will be collected. If birth occurs before 28 weeks, detailed information on clinical course of the newborn until discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit will be recorded,and specimens of amniotic fluid, placenta, blood and urine will be collection for inflammatory parameters. After discharge the children will be followed according to a specific protocol until 5 years of age.