Active clinical trials for "Bacterial Infections"

Diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI) is done by sampling blood in blood culture bottles that are checked for growth in the microbiology laboratory. In LRS, microbiology laboratories are however scarce, and BSI cannot be diagnosed, resulting in overuse of antibiotics which fuels AMR. For diagnosis of BSI, so-called manual blood culture (equipment-free) systems are used in LRS, with daily visual inspection for growth. Compared to automates, manual systems are less sensitive, and growth is slower; in addition, training and experience are needed before laboratory staff is competent to detect growth when inspecting the blood culture bottles. A simplified blood culture system could enable expanded use of blood cultures in LRS and would thus improve BSI treatment. Ongoing research at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, in collaboration with Ghent University has resulted in a novel, simple, cheap, open-access and robust blood culture system, the Bactinsight blood culture system. This system consists of two modules. Firstly, a portable, battery-operated measurement device (turbidimeter), which monitors and detects bacterial growth in blood culture bottles based on the turbidity of the culture medium caused by bacterial growth. Secondly, optimized blood culture bottles have been developed. A second step in blood cultures is the identification of the causing organism. Researchers at LETI (Grenoble, France) have developed a lensfree microscope, which simplifies and expedites identification of the causative organisms, improving patient's diagnosis and more directed antibiotic treatment. The lensfree microscope is an additional module for the Bactinsight blood culture system. In SIMBLE, the Bactinsight blood culture system will be evaluated against reference systems in two phases. During the optimization phase in Belgium, the performance of Bactinsight turbidimeter + lensfree microscope will be tested in a reference hospital laboratory. In parallel, an in vitro laboratory evaluation of the Bactinsight blood culture system (turbidimeter + blood culture bottles + lensfree microscope) will be done using spiked blood cultures. In the field-testing phase, the ease-of-use, acceptability, adoptability and performance of Bactinsight blood culture system will be evaluated in three hospitals in Benin and Burkina Faso. The blood culture bottles used for this study will be manufactured in a production facility in Benin, that will be installed at the start of the project.

This is a research study for patients who currently have or previously had an H. pylori infection or who have gastric or esophageal cancer and who plan to undergo an endoscopy as part of their care. The purpose of this study is to find out how and why H. pylori infections can cause progression to gastric cancer and if it's possible for intervention prior to this progression.

Infectious ano-rectitis is poorly described. Their epidemiology is poorly known, as are their clinical, diagnostic (diagnoses are regularly corrected in gastroenterology and new diagnostic tools are now available) and therapeutic aspects. Analysis of data from this large population of patients referred to the proctology center for suspicion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and / or Chlamydia trachomatis ano-rectitis will help identify risk factors and target prevention strategies and optimized therapeutic management.

The goal of this prospective study is to compare rapid molecular technique BioFire Pneumonia Panel Filmarray and conventional culture-based methods in the microbiologic diagnosis on bronchoalveolar lavage of lung transplant patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: determine the microbiological concordance between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques on donor's bronchoalveolar lavage before lung transplantation determine the microbiological concordance between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques on recipient's bronchoalveolar lavage, performed 72 hours after lung transplantation determine the microbiological concordance between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques in detecting molecular resistance patterns determine the difference in time to microbiological results between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques determine time to clinical decision based on molecular diagnostic techniques compared to conventional culture techniques

Febrile infants under 3 months of age represent a high risk group for invasive bacterial infection (IBI) and UTI with approximately 10-20% having bacteremia, meningitis or urinary tract infection. The assessment of febrile infants is challenging, and current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance advocates a cautious approach with the majority of infants requiring a septic screen, parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics, and admission to hospital. Internationally there is significant variation in the approach to febrile infants with European and USA guidance advocating a tailored approach based on clinical features and biomarker testing. None of the available clinical decision aids (CDA) have been validated in a UK and Irish cohort. The main objectives of the FIDO study are to report performance accuracy of CDA in a UK (United Kingdom) and Irish population, and describe the aetiology of SBI in young infants. The FIDO study is a prospective observational cohort study of infants under 90 days of age with a measured fever greater than 38 Centrigrade within 24 hours of presentation. The study will run for approximately 12 months and recruit a minimum of 1000 participants.Symptoms, clinical features and laboratory results will be recorded on an electronic case report form (CRF) by the attending clinician.

Infections in critically ill patients are a major healthcare problem and an important source of morbidity and mortality. Since critically ill patients often have altered pharmacokinetics (PK) compared to non-critically ill patients there is a substantial risk that present standard dosing regimens of antibiotics lead to suboptimal outcomes for patients on the ICU or the ED. To prevent the risk of inadequate dosing in ICU patients, it is important to fully understand the PK of antibiotics in this vulnerable group in order to optimize the dosing regimens. With this study, the investigators will describe the pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime and amikacin in ICU and ED patients. A heterogeneous population of ICU and ED patients will be included to be able to find which factors might influence the pharmacokinetics of these drugs and to what extent. By using population modeling the investigators will simulate different dosing regimens and MIC values and compare probability of target attainment between each of these dose and MIC combinations. This will allow the investigators to optimize dosing regimens of cefuroxime and amikacin in critically ill patients.

NeoDeco is a pragmatic, multicenter, parallel group, cluster randomised hybrid effectiveness-implementation study with baseline assessment, wash-in period and staggered randomisation. All sites will be offered the implementation support for optimised Kangaroo Care (KC) as part of the study; however, intervention sites will be randomised to immediate receipt of implementation support whereas standard care sites will be offered this after the study period.

With the aim to pilot a full-scaled trial to reduce unnecessary antibiotics in women with suspected uncomplicated urinary tract infections, twenty general practices in Bavaria, Germany, will be randomized to deliver patient management based on phase-contrast microscopy and urinary dipsticks or to usual care. Primary endpoints are recruitment and retention rates.

This protocol describes the challenge non-typhoidal Salmonella (CHANTS) study. This is a first-in-human phase 1, double-blinded, randomised, dose-escalation human infection study, conducted in healthy volunteers aged 18 to 50 years. The primary objective of the study is to perform a dose escalation with two strains (ST19 or ST313) to determine the infectious dose required for 60-75% of volunteers to develop Salmonellosis using a composite diagnostic criterion. The secondary objectives of the study are to describe and compare the clinical and laboratory features following controlled human infection. It is hoped that the successful establishment of an NTS human challenge model can be used in the future to test candidate vaccines for NTS disease.

This study characterized the pharmacokinetics and safety of a single dose of ceftobiprole in neonates and infants aged ≤ 3 months.