Active clinical trials for "Bacterial Infections"

This study aims to assess whether ertapenem as an empiric treatment of third-generation-cephalosporin resistant Enterobacteriaceae (3GCRE) bacteremia is non-inferior to other carbapenems in term of 30-day mortality.

The "gold standard" for diagnosing a bacterial infection is isolation of the pathogenic germ, which is not easy in routine clinical practice. Conventional markers do not have sufficient diagnostic value for making a rapid diagnosis on admission. A 2004 literature calculated the diagnostic values of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels for the diagnosis of bacterial infections, relative to other causes of inflammation. For CRP, the sensitivity was 75% (95% CI: 62%-84%) and the specificity was 67% (95% CI: 56%-77%). For PCT, the sensitivity was 88% (95% CI: 62%-84%) and the specificity was 81% (95% CI: 67%-90%). The first cellular immune response to infection consists of the mobilization of polynuclear neutrophils from the bone marrow to the infection site under the effect of pre-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the apoptosis of lymphocytes and their sequestration at the infection site. This results in lymphopenia and the elevated polynuclear neutrophil count (PNN) observed in bacterial infections. Hence, it is legitimate to hypothesize that the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used in the diagnosis of bacterial infection. This ratio's value in the diagnosis of sepsis in the emergency department was studied and the researchers found higher diagnostic values than for CRP and PCT. The NLR's potential value in the diagnosis of a bacterial infection in a context of fever or hyperthermia (regardless of the presence or absence of bacteraemia) has not been studied before. This ratio could also be compared with standard biomarkers (CRP and PCT levels, the white blood cell count and the PNN).

This observational, prospective, multicenter study, conducted in nine French Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Units (ICUs), will assess the antibiotic therapy for a child hospitalized in ICU and receiving systemic antibiotics for an episode of suspected or proven community-acquired or nosocomial bacterial infection. The study will describe the mean duration of antibiotic therapy, as well as compliance with the recommendations concerning the duration of antibiotic therapy, the choice of antibiotics, the daily dosage and the number of doses per 24 hours according to the type of bacterial infection. Patients will be monitored until the end of their hospitalization.

This study is prospective, open-label, randomized, crossover, single dose, with 02 treatments, 02 sequences and 02 periods. The volunteers received, in each period, the reference or the test formulation, according to the randomization list, under fasting conditions, in order to evaluate if the reference and test formulations are bioequivalent.

This study will describe clinical outcome and safety data collected prospectively in subjects hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU) presenting with an infection for which treatment with tigecycline, alone or in combination, is planned. Data will be collected only from subjects providing informed consent.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the drug concentrations in the conjunctiva and aqueous humor of AzaSite™ compared to Vigamox® in subjects undergoing routine cataract surgery

The purpose of this study is to establish the impact of a pharmacist's recommendations regarding choice, dosing and duration of antibiotic therapy on quality and cost of antibiotic treatment on surgical wards.

Bacteremia is defined as pathogenic bacteria presence in blood as evidenced by positive blood cultures. These bacteremia have significant consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality (ref. 1,2,3). They can lead to a state of septic shock that is life-threatening for the patient and must be treated as a matter of urgency. Any delay in treatment is detrimental to the patient. Management is based on prescription of probabilistic antibiotic therapy as soon as bacteremia is suspected. At the Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph (GHPSJ), as soon as a blood culture is known to be positive, the Mobile Clinical Microbiology Unit (UMMC) is notified in real time. The UMMC infectiologist, in consultation with the microbiologist, evaluates microbiological data and compares them with clinical data in order to prescribe probabilistic antibiotic therapy in the patient's bed. The possible adaptation of antibiotic treatment then depends on the results of antibiotic susceptibility test. Early adaptation of antibiotic treatment to antibiotic susceptibility data, to reassess ineffective treatment or to reduce antibiotic therapy spectrum, significantly improves patient prognosis: it is therefore important that the laboratory makes antibiotic susceptibility test results available to the clinician as early as possible.

This observational study will collect data on the use of the drug Xydalba® in daily clinical practice in France. Such observational studies are also referred to as registries. The sponsor of the study is Correvio International Sárl, based in Switzerland. Xydalba® contains the active substance dalbavancin, a remedy for a certain type of bacterial pathogens (so-called "gram positive bacteria") which cause the disease. Active ingredients against bacteria are also called antibiotics. Correvio wants to know which patients received the drug and how the disease went. The treatment places where you got Xydalba, ie clinic, intensive care unit or elsewhere should be recorded. In addition, it is important in this type of medication to track whether the pathogens are changing in any way. Any safety-relevant events (such as side effects) that have occurred during treatment should be investigated by the sponsor and submitted to the competent European authorities.

Irrational use of antibiotics is a one of the main health system problems,it leads to antibiotic resistance,increasing antibiotics side effects and the total cost. This study is a medication use evaluation study aims to evaluate intravenous clindamycin prescribing practice in critical care units in Alexandria Main University Hospital.