Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Otitis media is more common in young children and it is estimated that 75% of all children experience at least one episode before the age of three. Otitis media is one of the common pediatric diagnoses and recurrent episodes account for the most commonly performed surgical procedure. Despite this a high degree of inaccuracy exists in diagnosis of this condition which depends on subjective assessment of the ear drum via direct visualization using an otoscope. Researchers can use LED-based multi wavelength light absorption and scattering measurements for the analysis of ear drum and the middle ear.

Gabon is the 3rd country most affected by COVID-19 behind Cameroon and Democratic Republic of Congo in Central Africa, with 8860 cases and 54 deaths in critically ill patients, since the first confirmed case of COVID-19 on the 10th of March 2020 (https://africacdc.org/covid-19/). Most of the individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic and they represent a major source of viral spread. To date, African countries have been less affected by deaths caused by the Covid-19 pandemic compared to other countries. It is currently unknown why Africa has avoided more deaths and appears to not simply be due to a lack of testing, since the overall death rate has not increased. Better quality data on seroprevalence in different African regions and proven explanations of the differences between Africa and other continents, are urgently needed. The aim of this study is to learn about the proportion of people after a first pic of transmission, who have been exposed to COVID-19 in Gabon by testing for plasma antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The overall goal of this study is to examine the trend of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Gabonese population.

Ceftazidime avitbatan sodium is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with an antimicrobial spectrum covering resistant gram-negative bacteria. Its use in pediatric intensive care for severe infections is not unusual. Pathophysiological changes in severe sepsis can lead to significant changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during continuous renal replacement therapy.This research aims to study change of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic in severe infection children with extracorporeal life support, thus improve the treatment of severe sepsis and sepsis shock.

A multicenter observational, prospective cohort study that consisted of a large-scale data source of hospital ICU admissions and patient-level clinical data in Spain. The main objective is to develop a national database belonging to SEMICYUC (Spanish Society of Critical Care) to describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics and risk factors related to ICU mortality in critically ill patients admitted to ICU due to severe COVID-19 in Spain.

Prosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) of a Total Hip Replacement (THR) is a disastrous complication of an otherwise extremely successful surgical procedure. It is associated with a burdensome treatment for the patient, significant challenges for the medical team and high costs for society. As more joint replacements are being performed each year, due to an ageing population and lower thresholds for surgery, the number of PJIs is on the rise. Many of these patients will be referred to University Hospitals Leuven as the physicians have extensive experience with this particular pathology and can offer a multidisciplinary and patient-tailored treatment. Many controversies exist in the field of PJI treatment, both with regard to the surgical aspects as well as the antibiotic treatment. Setting up randomized controlled trials to answer these questions has been proven to be very difficult due to large variations in patients, implants, germs, soft and hard tissues, antibiotic resistance patterns, and so on. Also, surgery for PJIs is usually non-elective / semi-urgent and therefore time to include patients into different trials is limited. Therefore the investigators will prospectively collect data on patients with PJI treated at University Hospitals Leuven, starting 01/01/2022, in order to have knowledge of own results and inform patients about chances of success prior to treatment; perform internal audits and quality checks; answer questions in the field of PJI treatment not suitable for RCTs.

Infectious anorectitis is a poorly described clinical entity. Their epidemiology is poorly known, as are their clinical, diagnostic (diagnoses are regularly made in gastroenterology and new diagnostic tools are now available) and therapeutic aspects. The proctology center of the Marie Thérèse Center is the leading proctology center in the Ile-de-France region both in terms of recruitment and reputation, and drains a large proportion of patients with anorectitis for specialized care. The clinical microbiology laboratory of the Saint Joseph Hospital Group is linked to the Marie Thérèse Center to provide its expertise in the microbiological and infectious aspects of the management of these infections. In recent years, the analysis of data from this large population of patients referred to the Léopold Bellan proctology center for suspected ano-rectitis has revealed the pathogens Neisseria gonorrhoeae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis. Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is an emerging pathogen responsible for Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and has been described increasingly in recent years. Studies on this pathogen will allow to better identify risk factors and to target optimized prevention and therapeutic management strategies.

Herpesvirus infections may be severe in immunocompromised patients, with a high risk of complications and mortality. Recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) or patients receiving high-intensity chemotherapy for hematological malignancies are the most vulnerable individuals. Although the worldwide prevalence of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), antiviral prophylaxis in seropositive HSCT recipients has significantly reduced the rate of infection. Acyclovir (ACV) is the first-choice drug for the prophylaxis or the therapy of that kind of infection. Since the beginning, ACV has demonstrated to be characterized by a large interpatient variability, especially in children. Therefore, therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies may help in optimizing drug in children with malignancies.

The great harm of pancreatic diseases and the unknown etiology and pathogenesis make it difficult to intervene in most early cases in time. Previous studies by scholars and applicants at home and abroad have shown that the microflora in pancreatic tissue is closely related to chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. However, the research on the mechanism of microbial diversity in pancreatic tissue and the occurrence and development of various pancreatic diseases has not been reported. Based on the previous research, this subject continues to take various pancreatic diseases as the research object based on the database of pancreatic center and pathology department of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, To explore the characteristics of microbial flora in pancreas in different pancreatic diseases and its mechanism of influence on disease microenvironment. Select specific microbial flora or targets in the pancreas for various pancreatic diseases, so as to provide new theoretical basis and practical guidance for the early diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases.

Blood stream infection (BSI) during febrile neutropenia (FN) is a lethal complication, while confirmed diagnosis via blood culture is usually with low sensitivity and time delay. The new technique of metagenome next generation sequencing (mNGS) has the potential of early and more accurate detection of pathogens. However, this technique has not been well validated for BSI diagnosis in patients with hematological disease. Therefore, we designed a prospective multicenter study to compare the diagnosis performance in BSI.

This is a combined retrospective and prospective, longitudinal, observational meta-cohort of individuals age 0-25 years who will enter the cohort with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection at varying stages before and after infection. Individuals with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection and with or without PASC symptoms will be followed to identify risk factors and occurrence of PASC. This study will be conducted in the United States and participants will be recruited through inpatient, outpatient, and community-based settings. Study data including age, demographics, social determinants of health, medical history, vaccination history, details of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, overall health and physical function, and PASC symptoms will be reported by participants or collected from the electronic health record using a case report form at specified intervals. Biologic specimens will be collected at specified intervals, with some tests performed in local clinical laboratories and others performed by centralized research centers or banked in the Biospecimen Repository. Advanced clinical examinations and radiologic examinations will be performed at local study sites with cross-site standardization.