Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Studies on sonication suffer from a heterogeneity which makes their analysis complex, due to the absence of a gold standard allowing positive cases to be defined unequivocally. Thus, the sensitivity of the technique has been assessed on cases defined in different ways, which makes the studies difficult to compare (number of samples taken, number of positive samples, variable duration of culture, etc.). It should nevertheless be noted that the majority of the series conclude with a higher sensitivity than that of standard samples, in particular in the event of a strain with difficult growth (Cutibacterium acnes, deficient Streptococci) or in the event of prior antibiotic therapy. In the absence of a comparative reference allowing to conclude on the intrinsic performances of sonication as a diagnostic test, it seems interesting to evaluate its contribution in current practice, in particular in the difficult cases where the standard culture does not make it possible to fulfill the criterion. major (zero or only one positive sample). To the knowledge of the investigators, there is no study of this kind, which could make it possible to specify the place of this technique in the diagnostic procedure and to improve the care of patients.

Deepcath is the first step to the introduction of artificial intelligence in catheter care. A better use of visualisation of catheter exit site should be used not only by the HCWs but also by the patients and their family. A deep learning system able to detect visual abnormalities of the catheter exit site will be an helpful tools to develop a continuous follow-up of intravascular catheters.

In Sub-Saharan Africa, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and tuberculosis (TB) jointly are the leading cause of overall mortality. There is a need to integrate sustainable triage and management strategies into standard care. The TrUST study investigates the utility of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for diagnosis and prognosis of LRTIs in TB endemic regions in the outpatient triage setting. Automated interpretation of POCUS by artificial intelligence (AI) may further standardize and improve its predictive utility as well as facilitate its implementation into usual practice.

Primary research question: Are novel molecular tests for rapid detection of Mycoplasma and Gonorrhoea infections and antimicrobial resistance sensitive and specific in symptomatic patients attending a sexual health clinic? Secondary research question: Are novel molecular tests for detection of antimicrobial resistance in Mycoplasma and Gonorrhoea infections more accurate than standard laboratory culture techniques?

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common infectious diseases and the most frequent source of community, healthcare-associated and nosocomial bacteraemia. They are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Due to the high frequency of UTI, they have a major impact on antibiotic use and the antimicrobial resistance of prominent UTI pathogens is of recognised importance. Therefore, UTIs, and particularly complicated urinary tract infections cUTIs, are a target for repurposing of old and neglected drugs, new drug development and non-antibiotic therapeutic and preventive approaches.

This is a prospective observational study to include participants with a spectrum of emerging or unknown pathogens with the objective to determine etiology and clinical characteristics of those diseases.

This study aims to evaluate the incidence of infection of short-term central venous catheters by comparing different cannulation techniques (by anatomical references and under ultrasound control) and according to the experience of the operator in patients undergoing elective surgery. A prospective observational study will be carried out in which all scheduled surgery patients who have a central venous line inserted for one month will be included. Those under 18 years of age, patients with catheters lasting more than 14 days and those who do not sign the informed consent will be excluded from this study. A chest X-ray will be performed on all patients in order to diagnose possible complications associated with the technique and, only in case of suspected infection, culture of the catheter tip and blood cultures of blood obtained from the catheter and peripheral blood will be requested.

The worldwide increase in the rate of infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria is considered a major public health problem. Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Mortality of up to 70% and, in survivors, a readmission rate of up to 72% within 90 days of discharge have been reported. CR-KP infection is usually preceded by colonization. However, the incidence rate and risk factors for CR-KP infections among carriers is poorly understood. Multiple studies have focused in risk factors to develop infections among carriers. In order to identify patients at low risk of CR-KP bloodstream infections, Gianella et at developed a predictive score to stratify patients according to their risk for acquisition of CR-KP infections. However, further studies are needed to validate these results, particularly in high-risk patients, such as haematological patients, solid organ trasplant recipients and patients admitted in ICU. Italian Hospital is an acute tertiary care university teaching hospital with more than 45,000 admission-years, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, with a great proportion of haematological and solid organ transplant recipients, and patients with substantial comorbidities and immunosuppression. With the aim of developing an adequate risk assessment for CR-KP infections among CR-KP carriers, we performed a retrospective cohort analysis, in a tertiary teaching hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The main purpose of our study is to describe the incidence of CR-KP infections among CRKP colonized patients, to demonstrate the risk factors for acquisition of CR-KP infections and to develop a clinical predictive score that could stratify patients to guide therapeutic decisions in CR-KP carriers, and avoid overuse of broad-spectrum therapy.

To assess antimicrobial resistance rates and minimal inhibitory concentrations in H. pylori isolated from patients with upper gastrointestinal disease with long-term period.

A long-term venous access is frequently required in patient management. Currently, it is ensured by using the long peripheral intravenous catheters (Midline) or peripheral inserted central catheters (PICC line). Either is inserted into a peripheral vein of the upper arm and extends to the distal axillary vein. If the indications for the two catheters can sometimes be debated, the Midline catheter seems to be more and more used. The complications related to the use of PICC lines have been well described in literature, whereas the comparison of the two catheter-related complications has been less analysed. The aim of this study is to compare the incidences of catheter-related bloodstream infections linked to PICCs and Midlines.