Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Severe infections in pediatric intensive care unit are not uncommon. Historically, the diagnosis of hereditary (primary) immune deficiency required a combination of recurrent clinical signs and biological stigmas. This paradigm is currently being questioned, and grows the hypothesis of a potential underlying genetic susceptibility in any severe infection. To date, the proportion of severe infections explained by an underlying immune deficiency is unknown. The aim of this prospective study is to assess the incidence of primary immune deficiencies in children with severe infection, regardless of their etiology.

The primary objective is to determine if polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (UTIP™) is more sensitive in identifying urinary tract infections (UTI's) than standard urine cultures.

This is a prospective observational pilot study investigating if peripheral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (pFTOE) measured by five short near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) (re-)applications within the first 6 hours after birth in neonates with respiratory distress differs in neonates with early onset infection and neonate without infection

A prospective non-interventional cohort study at Erasmus MC of adult chronic HIV infected patients of ≥18 years of age who initiate antiretroviral therapy in routine care.

The focus of this prospective observational study is to (1) establish the range and variation associated with bone/soft tissue perfusion in fracture patients, using ICG fluorescence imaging; (2) examine the relationship between perfusion and complications such as surgical site infection (SSI), persistent SSI, and fracture nonunion; (3) to determine whether the quantitative ICG fluorescence can be used to guide bony debridement in the setting of infected fracture to minimize complications.

Surgical site infections (SSI) are serious complications accounting for 20% of all the healthcare-associated infections and are considered the second most frequent type of hospital-acquired infection in Europe and the United States. SSI after cardiac surgery is associated with delays to patient's discharge, readmissions and re-operations; and can result in increased hospital costs for staffing, diagnostics and treatment. Risk assessment has been identified as potentially useful intervention in SSI prevention and in identifying at risk populations who may benefit from specific interventions to reduce this possible complication of cardiac surgery. However, there is currently a lack of evidence as to which risk tools are the most valid and reliable to be used in clinical practice. The investigators developed and locally validated the Barts Heart Centre Surgical Infection Risk (B-SIR) tool to include patients with various types of cardiac surgeries and found that the B-SIR tool is a better tool in predicting SSI risk compared with the existing cardiac risk tools in the study population. However, various literatures recognised that the predictive performance of a risk model tends to vary across settings, populations and periods. Hence, the investigators aim to do a multi-centre validation of the newly developed B-SIR tool and apply all the other tools (Australian Cardiac Risk Index and Brompton and Harefield Infection Score) to identify what tool performs best that can potentially be use for the UK population. Further, the outcome of the study will be beneficial to future cardiac surgery patients to assess their risk of developing SSI and help identify those patients who may benefit from specific interventions. Existing patients' data, which will be anonymised, from the participating cardiac centres will be utilised to analyse and compare the performance of each risk tools.

Strengthening outpatient low respiratory tract infection surveillance to document the burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

This study will analyze gene expression and other laboratory data from biological samples collected from participants with suspected respiratory, urinary, intra-abdominal, and/or skin & soft tissue infections; or suspected sepsis of any cause.

Raltegravir is the preferred INSTI for for treatment of antiretroviral-naïve pregnant women in the US Perinatal Guidelines, alongside Dolutegravir, and for late pregnancy. There are relatively limited information available on its use during early pregnancy, particularly the peri-conception period. The aim of the study is to assess "real-world" maternal, fetal and newborn outcomes following RAL use during pregnancy through pooled analysis of individual patient data from observational studies participating in the European Pregnancy and Paediatric Infections Cohort Collaboration.

Primary Aim: -To determine the prevalence and pattern of bronchial colonization in patients presenting with lung cancer at the time of diagnosis Secondary Aim: -To assess the potential demographic, clinical, radiological and histological predictors of colonization in patients with lung cancer