Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical response rates of doripenem versus a comparator antibiotic in treatment of hospitalized patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections.

The purpose of this study is to assess the microbiological cure rate of doripenem in the treatment of patients with complicated urinary tract infection or pyelonephritis. The study will also characterize the safety and tolerability of treatment with doripenem in patients with complicated urinary tract infection or pyelonephritis.

Combination of PEG interferon and ribavirin is the standard treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Efficacy of this treatment has never been evaluated in HCV-HIV infected patients, who have previously been treated with a first line anti-HCV treatment. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the combination PEG interferon alfa2a-ribavirin in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C pretreated with interferon alone or interferon combined with ribavirin. The patients receive a dose of 180 µg of PEGASYS once a week and 800 to 1200 mg/day of ribavirin (according to weight) for 48 weeks. Primary outcome of the study is a sustained virological response, defined as an undetectable HCV RNA level 24 weeks after the end of anti-HCV treatment.

Monoclonal antibody infusions will prevent rebound of viremia in well-suppressed HAART-treated individuals who began therapy during acute and early HIV-1 infection.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of the experimental drug Bay 50-4798 in HIV positive patients receiving HAART and to test the drug's effect on the CD4+ T-cell count.

The purpose of this study is to determine if leukoreduced blood transfusions reduce the risk of infection following trauma. Specifically, the investigators intend to evaluate whether there are clinically relevant differences in the rates of infection and in the severity of multiple organ failure in critically injured trauma patients receiving leukoreduced blood products compared to those receiving standard allogeneic blood products.

This is a Phase 3, multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine the effectiveness and safety of the 6% cellulose sulfate (CS) vaginal gel for the prevention of HIV infection.

The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic behavior of Suc-HSA after consecutive daily intravenous (i.v.) doses. The secondary objectives are to evaluate the safety and tolerability and the antiretroviral and immunological effects of consecutive daily i.v. doses of Suc-HSA.

The primary objective of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of an experimental antibiotic to a marketed antibiotic in the treatment of Chinese subjects with complicated intra-abdominal infections. <br />

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are ubiquitous organisms that cause isolated pulmonary disease in otherwise healthy patients with yet undefined susceptibilities. Patients typically present with a history of chronic cough, eventually progressing to hemoptysis, fever, and hypoxia. With half or more of all patients failing standard three-drug therapy, this is an insidious disease with a poor prognosis. Under the natural history protocol of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection (NTM; #01-I-0202), 46 patients with diagnosed pulmonary MAC disease are being studied. Numerous studies have suggested that a dysregulation in cytokine production may make these patients susceptible to mycobacterial infection. Cytokines are particularly important in the activaction of macrophages, which help to clear mycobacterial infection. Interferon gamma 1b (Actimmune) and GM-CSF (Leukine) are two cytokine therapies that have been approved in the treatment of chronic granulomatous disease and post-transplantation hematopoietic reconstitution, respectively. A number of in vitro studies suggest that either or both of these therapies may help to clear MAC infection. Given the poor outcomes of therapy and the persistent, debilitating nature of the disease, new therapies are desperately needed, and many are being tried without benefit of scientific foundation. Currently, there are no prospective trials that show any effect of these drugs in the lung delivered subcutaneously. This protocol proposes to perform a pilot study to evaluate the effects, if any, of these macrophage stimulating cytokines in the context of ongoing pulmonary MAC infection. Aims: To determine the local and systemic effect, if any, of adjuvant IFN gamma and GM-CSF in pulmonary MAC patients. Methods: Fifteen patients will be randomized into three treatment groups of five patients each. The first group will receive a standard drug regimen, based on the 1997 ATS guidelines. The second and third groups, in addition to receiving the standard therapy, will also receive three months of (IFN{gamma}) and GM-CSF, respectively. All patients will undergo bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) at the beginning of the study, after three months, and at six months. In addition to obtaining traditional subjective and objective clinical measures, both proteomic and genomic analysis of the BAL will be performed to determine if cytokine therapy effects any detectable change in the lungs. In vitro studies on typ...