Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Background: - Ebola is a viral infection that can spread quickly and causes life-threatening disease. Right now there is an Ebola outbreak in many countries in West Africa. There are no approved treatments for Ebola. But possible treatments are being developed. Researchers need to study these treatments to see if they help people get better. Objective: - To identify possible Ebola treatments. Also, to learn if adding 1 or more experimental drugs to advanced Ebola care can reduce the risk of death. Eligibility: - People who have recently been diagnosed with Ebola, usually by a test called the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and have been hospitalized in an isolation unit for treatment. Design: Participants will be randomly assigned to Group A or B. Both groups will get advanced level care. One group will also get an experimental drug. Participants may have blood tests. They may have another PCR test. Researchers will try to learn how the participant got Ebola. Participants put in the experimental drug group may start taking medicine within 24 hours of enrollment. It may be given by mouth or intravenously. Additional doses may be needed. Participants may have a series of timed blood tests over the first 24 to 48 hours after they take the medicine. Blood will be drawn frequently. Other body fluids (urine, stool, vaginal fluid, etc.) may also be collected. Participants will be followed for up to 60 days. They may be evaluated for any long-term effects of the experimental treatment(s). They may be asked to return for 1 or more outpatient visits. For consenting participants, follow-up will be extended for up to one full year past Day 58 with contact/visits every 1-3 months to assess for a history of signs or symptoms potentially consistent with late onset of virologic relapse syndrome.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir with or without sofosbuvir (SOF) and ribavirin (RBV) in DAA treatment-experienced adults with Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C Virus infection. This study will contain 2 parts. Part 1: Approximately 20 participants and at least 10 of the 20 participants previously treated with the combination of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir, with or without RBV, and experienced treatment failure. Part 2: Approximately 10 participants and all participants previously treated with SOF/ledipasvir and experienced treatment failure.

The concept of acquired immunodeficiency after a first severe infection in the ICU is widely described in the literature. There is a dual risk: increased mortality and increased secondary infections. Several approaches of immunostimulatory treatments have been proposed in the literature. The treatment proposed by this study consists of the administration of Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), colony stimulating factor widely used particularly in the USA where it is marketed. A phase 2 clinical trial was conducted in Germany in 2009. The main objective is to measure the incidence of ICU-acquired infections in 2 groups of patients treated by GM-CSF or placebo. ICU patients at risk are defined as surviving at D3 from a severe sepsis or septic shock and presenting a sepsis associated immunodepression. The detection of immunosuppressed patients will be achieved by measuring the HLA-DR (Human Leucocyte Antigen DR)with a threshold of less to 8000 sites. Our hypothesis is that the number of secondary infections (primary endpoint) will be significantly reduced in the treated group.

This study assessed eradication rate of dual therapy with high doses of Ilaprazole 40mg BID and Amoxicillin 750mg QID for 14 days on Helicobacter pylori infection.

Subjects will receive an oral dose of SER-109 in 4 capsules once daily for 3 consecutive days in Treatment Group I or matching placebo once daily for 3 consecutive days in Treatment Group II. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the superiority of SER-109 vs placebo to reduce recurrence of CDI as determined by a toxin assay in adults up to 8 weeks after initiation of treatment.

This is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study of a microbiota suspension of intestinal microbes. Patients who have had at least one recurrence after a primary episode and have completed at least one round of standard-of-care oral antibiotic therapy or have had at least two episodes of severe Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) resulting in hospitalization within the last year may be eligible for the study. Subjects who are deemed failures following the blinded treatment per the pre-specified treatment failure definition may elect to receive an unblinded dose of RBX2660.

Background: HIV affects millions of people. The disease may "hide" in the brain, even in people with well-controlled HIV without cancer. Then it may "wake up" and continue. The drug pembrolizumab uses the body s immune system to fight cells like cancer cells. It is approved to treat some cancers but not HIV. Researchers want to see if it is safe for HIV-positive people without cancer. This study is not for HIV treatment; only one dose of the drug will be used. Objective: To learn if the drug pembrolizumab, used to treat certain cancers, is safe for HIV-positive people. Eligibility: Adults ages 18 and older with HIV who are in another NIH protocol Design: Participants will be screened with: Medical history Physical and neurological exams Blood tests Lumbar puncture. The lower back will be numbed. A needle will remove fluid from between back bones. FDG-PET/CT. A radioactive sugar will be injected in a thin plastic tube (catheter) inserted in an arm vein. Participants will rest for an hour, urinate, then lie in the scanner. A mask will hold the head still. Leukapheresis. An optional procedure at baseline. White blood cells are removed from you using a serum cell separator machine Women who can become pregnant cannot take pembrolizumab. Men who take it must use 2 kinds of contraception. Participants will have up to 7 more visits, which repeat some screening tests. At 1 visit, participants will get one dose of pembrolizumab by catheter for 30 minutes. They will get allergy and pain medicines. At 2 visits, participants will have a brain MRI. They will get a contrast agent by catheter. They will lie in a metal cylinder that takes pictures for 1-2 hours. They will get earplugs for loud sounds.

This is a phase I, single-site, study to evaluate the effects of VOR and HIV-1 Antigen Expanded Specific T Cell Therapy (HXTC) on persistent HIV-1 Infection in HIV-infected individuals suppressed on ART. Twelve participants with durable viral suppression will be enrolled and will complete the study. All participants will receive the same treatment and if eligible, will be dosed with HXTC and VOR. Participants will continue their baseline ART regimen throughout the study.

This is a Phase I, single-center, open-label, fixed-sequence, 2-period crossover study in healthy adults to evaluate the effect of oral rifabutin (RBT) 300 milligram (mg) on the pharmacokinetics of oral cabotegravir (CAB) 30 milligram ( mg). This study will evaluate the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential between CAB and RBT to inform dosing strategies for tuberculosis in subjects receiving CAB for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment or prevention. In Treatment Period 1 (Treatment A) participants will receive CAB 30 mg once daily for 14 days, followed by Treatment Period 2 (Treatment B) where participants will receive RBT 300 mg once daily with CAB 30 mg once daily for 14 days. The total study duration will be approximately for 10 weeks. Approximately 15 healthy subjects will be enrolled to ensure that 12 subjects complete dosing and critical assessments.

Background: A progressive decrease in Helicobacter pylori eradication rates has been described over the years, so new combinations of antibiotics for treatment are needed. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the addition of rifaximin to standard triple therapy (omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin) for the eradication of H. pylori. Methods: Independent prospective pilot clinical trial (EUDRA CT: 2013-001080-23). Forty consecutive adult patients were included with H. pylori infection, dyspeptic symptoms and naive to eradication treatment. A full blood test was performed in the first 5 patients included to evaluate the safety of the treatment. H. pylori eradication was confirmed with urea breath test at least 4 weeks after the end of treatment. Treatment: Rifaximin 400 mg/8 h, clarithromycin 500 mg/12 h, amoxicillin 1 g/12 h, and omeprazole 20 mg/12 h for 10 days.