Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of doripenem compared to imipenem in Ventilator-assisted pneumonia and complicated Intra-abdominal Infection. The study population will include hospitalized patients (or patients resident in a chronic health care facility) who have a diagnosis of either Ventilator associated pneumonia or complicated Intra-abdominal Infection.

Abstract: Over 25 million HIV-1 infected individuals are currently living in Africa and as many as 50-90% may be co-infected with soil transmitted helminths such as roundworms, hookworms or whipworms. Helminth infection in HIV-1-infected individuals may increase HIV-1 RNA levels and increase the rate of progression of HIV-1 to AIDS. Studies have also shown that successful treatment of helminth co-infection (as documented by clearance of helminth eggs in stool) led to a significant decrease in HIV-1 plasma viral load (-0.36 log10). This change in viral load was significantly greater than that seen in those individuals without documented clearance of their helminth co-infection (+0.67 log10) (p=0.04). Studies conducted in Africa have shown an estimated 2.5-fold increased risk for sexual transmission of the HIV-1 for each log increase in plasma HIV-1 viral load. In addition to direct effects on plasma viral load, the rate of CD4 cell decline in helminth infected individuals may be directly impacted by the significant immune activation seen with such co-infection. The investigators propose a randomized controlled trial examining the potential benefits of routine empiric helminth eradication in HIV-1 infected adults who do not yet qualify for antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in Kenya. The current standard of care of symptomatic diagnosis and treatment will be compared to a systematic empiric scheduled de-worming program for HIV infected adults. The investigators will compare markers of disease progression including rate of CD4 decline and changes in HIV-1 RNA levels between the two treatment arms.

This is a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised, single dose escalation Phase I clinical trial to determine the safety and tolerability of BTA9881 administered orally to healthy subjects

The eradication of HIV by antiretroviral therapy has thus far been elusive. It has been consistently demonstrated that a pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells persists in the majority of HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy in whom plasma viremia has been successfully suppressed for prolonged periods of time; this pool has emerged as the major obstacle in achieving the eradication of HIV. We believe that MK-0518 can further the decay and suppression of HIV-1 in patients who have been virologically suppressed for a prolonged period of time on effective cART (≥ 4 years).

We proposed to perform a prospective randomized controlled trial to study the effect of the use of a commercially-available chlorhexidine-impregnated sponge (Biopatch) as part of central venous catheter care on catheter-related bloodstream infections among patients in two Barnes-Jewish Hospital ICUs.

This study is designed to compare the efficacy of ertapenem and piperacillin/tazobactam with respect to the clinical response in baseline microbiologically evaluable patients; and to evaluate the tolerability and safety of ertapenem compared to piperacillin/tazobactam.

To assess if a sequential treatment regimen better eradicates H. pylori than does a triple drug regimen in adults with dyspepsia or peptic ulcer disease.

Tigecycline is being developed as an agent that overcomes tetracycline-resistance mechanisms and provides activity against emerging multi-drug resistant pathogens. The purpose of this protocol is to determine the linkage between time related clinical measures of infection response and time to bacterial eradication in patients with intravascular catheter infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase negative staphylococci.

Previous studies suggest that chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The objective is to study the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on platelet count.

Background: In many communities, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) with MRSA have become more prevalent than infections with β-lactam susceptible bacteria. This has necessitated altered empiric antimicrobial therapy of SSTI to cover MRSA. Objective: To evaluate empiric therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or doxycycline for outpatient SSTI in an area of high MRSA prevalence. Design: Randomized, prospective, open-label investigation. Setting: Emergency Department of Parkland Hospital in Dallas, Texas. Patients: Adults with SSTI. Intervention: Empiric oral therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (160 mg/800 mg, twice daily) or doxycycline (100 mg, twice daily). Measurement: The primary endpoint was clinical failure defined as hospitalization or change in antibiotic therapy over the 10 to 14 days after initial emergency department evaluation.