Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The purpose of this study is to verify the equivalence in clinical efficacy of fluconazole and micafungin for the treatment of Candida bloodstream infection in non-neutropenic patients.

At the end of 2004 there were more than 40 million people infected worldwide with HIV, with an estimated 16,000 new infections every day (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS [UNAIDS], 2004). The HIV epidemic threatens whole societies particularly in Africa and Asia and rates of infections in the Western countries have also increased over the last few years. However, despite more than 15 years of research, an effective vaccine against HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has still not been developed. There is considerable evidence that cellular immune responses can effectively control HIV-1 replication during acute and chronic infections thereby possibly protecting individuals from infection and preventing the spread of HIV. To be truly effective in the general population, a vaccine must induce responses specific to immunologically conserved regions. The epitope-based vaccine MVA-mBN32 represents a very logical approach to this problem because of its potential to elicit a polyfunctional immune response and to focus these responses to conserved epitopes. In this study the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant MVA-BN® vaccine expressing cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes of HIV-1 (MVA-mBN32) in 36 healthy volunteers will be examined. This will include a full analysis of CD4+ T helper cells and CD8+ CTL responses to these epitopes, to establish the potential of such a homologous prime-boost vaccine approach to induce a broad cell-mediated response to different HIV antigens.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Norwalk virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine as determined by the illness rate of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) during the inpatient stay.

The overarching goal of this project is to determine whether mind-body practices such as meditation or exercise can reduce the public health burden of acute respiratory infection. A major secondary goal is to determine whether mindfulness meditation or moderately strenuous exercise can enhance immune processes such as antibody response to influenza vaccination (flu shots). Finally, we want to investigate the influence of stress, optimism, anxiety and positive and negative emotion on immunity and resistance to respiratory infection.

This study is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine in healthy adult volunteers. Primary Objective: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine. Observational Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of an investigational Pneumococcal vaccine.

The study investigated the immune response induced by the Group B streptococcus vaccine in healthy pregnant women. In addition, the study investigated the amount of vaccine induced antibodies which were transferred to the newborn.

This study is designed to explore the safety and tolerability of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine through a step-down enrollment. Primary Objective: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine. Secondary Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine.

This partially-blind, placebo controlled study is a Phase 1b study using an investigational vaccine, NDV-3, directed against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida sp. This study will compare NDV-3 administered with or without alum delivered intramuscularly (IM) at one dose level. It will also evaluate a lower dose of NDV-3 without alum delivered intradermally (ID) compared to placebo delivered ID.

Use of long-term central venous access devices (including tunneled lines and ports) can be associated with development of bloodstream infection caused by build-up of bacteria or fungus on the inside of the device, called central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). This infection generally requires hospital admission and antibiotic therapy. This treatment usually helps eradicate the infection but sometimes it is not possible to clear or it comes back after treatment. Also, once someone has had one line infection the chance of getting another one is higher. This study will test whether treatment and secondary prophylaxis of CLABSI with ethanol lock therapy (ELT) can significantly reduce the risk of treatment failure (comprising failure to clear initial infection, relapse or reinfection) in children and adolescents treated for cancer or hematologic disorders or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). ELT involves injecting a solution of ethanol and water into the line or port, allowing it to dwell for 2 hours, and then withdrawing the solution.

The purpose of this study is to find the most effective and safe treatment to prevent the passage of HIV from an infected mother to her baby.